Section II Resdiong ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. answer the question after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising their thinking on this educational ritual. Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.本段首句提出观点:家庭作业在近年来被诟病。
第二句指出很多美国的学校在改变他们对家庭作业的看法。
第三句转折指出洛杉矶联合分校出台政策,要求家庭作业占学生成绩比重不能超过百分之十。
从考点设置来说,本段首句为主题句,第三句Unfortunately暗示作者并不认同洛杉矶联合分校的做法,这两句都是适合设置细节题的正确选项的。
This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children。
本段首句+第二句(转折)指出此项政策本意是解决困难家庭的学生无法完成作业的窘境,但是政策本身存在问题。
第三句+第四句指出问题所在:这会造成对家庭贫困的学生的学业要求降低的问题。
从考点设置来说,本段第四句的转折解释了作者在首段不认同此项政策的原因,属于重要考点结构。
但是最终考官并没有选择这个转折结构设置考点,而是利用了本段首句,考察了联合分校设置此项政策的原因。
可以看出英语二阅读并非出现转折就一定设置考题,很可能转折只是做干扰项,具体的正确选项的位置还是要依靠题干定位点。
District administrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling: teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see very little difference on theirreport cards. Some students might do well on state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that the homework helped. Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what works best for their students, the policy imposes a flat,across-the-board rule.本段首句+第二句(转折)进一步指出这项政策的问题:学生即使不做作业最终分数也不受影响。
第三句+第四句分析了家庭作业的作用:最终成绩好的学生很可能是因为完成了作业。
第五句转折继续解释这项政策的问题:会限制教师利用布置家庭作业的机会因材施教。
从考点设置来说,本段第二句和第五句都带有转折,是对于此项政策的漏洞的描述,都属于重要考点结构,可以设置细节题的正确选项。
At the same time, the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework. If the district finds homework to be unimportant to its students’academic achievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not make them count for almost nothing. Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensure that the homework students are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct.本段首句承接上段进一步指出此政策的漏洞:没有解决真正棘手的问题。
第二句+第三句利用对比结构指出此项政策的鸡肋:家庭作业无用就应该废除,有用就应该保留,而不是让其占10%的成绩。
最后一句继续提出其他尚未解决的漏洞:无法确定这10%的作业是否对学生有意义,老师是否有精力批改等。
从考点设置上说,本段第二句+第三句构成的对比结构是对首句“未解决的棘手问题”的解释,属于重要考点内容,可以设置细节题正确选项。
The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It is not too late for L.A. Unified to do homework right.本段给出作者的解决方案:新规暂缓实施,重新开听证会,希望联合分校能重新考虑这个规定的实施。
从考点设置来说,本段明确给出作者对于新规的态度(否定),可以利用其设置作者观点题的正确选项。
21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework[A] is receiving more criticism[B]is no longer an educational ritual[C]is not required for advanced courses[D]is gaining more preferences试题类型:推论题解题思路:通过题干定位到文章首段,考察的是家庭作业的相关内容。
题干中的nowadays对应首句中转折后半句中的In recent years,转折后大意是家庭作业在近年受到很多鄙视(scorned)。
正确选项应该是偏负面的,明显A是正确的。
A 中的more criticism可以对应原文的scorned。
干扰排除:选项B对应本段第二句,原文大意是类似洛杉矶地区的学校开始改变他们对这一教育惯例的看法(this educational ritual,暗指家庭作业),而选项B对原文进行了字面理解,曲解了原文的大意,可以排除。
选项C对应首段第三句,原文大意是除了一些高级课程(advanced courses)以外不允许家庭作业比重超过10%,因此选项C与原文矛盾了,可以排除。
选项D与选项A明显为反义选项,自然也就与原文大意矛盾,可以排除。
22.L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students[A]tend to have moderate expectations for their education[B]have asked for a different educational standard[C]may have problems finishing their homework[D]have voiced their complaints about homework解题思路:通过题干poor students定位到原文第二段首句中的students from the impoverished。
题干考察的是洛杉矶联合校区制定有关家庭作业的规则是因为贫穷的学生?。
第二段首句明确指出之所以制定此规则(rule)就是为了应对来自贫穷或者混乱家庭的学生无法完成作业的难题(address the difficulty in completing their homework),可以直接对应选项C。
干扰排除:选项A(have moderate expectations)和选项D(voiced their complaints)在定位段落都没有出现,属于无中生有的选项,可以直接排除。