Metals have no brittleness and are safe for many applications.
Valve [vAlv]
Gasket [5^Askit] 垫圈, 衬垫
spring wire
B Ceramics [si5rAmiks]
1 . Refractory [ri5frAktEri]
Difficult to melt or work; resistant to heat.
2 . fracture toughness 断裂韧度
3 . crystalline[5kristElain]
Being, relating to, or composed of crystal or crystals.
• Characteristics(metallic 金属的，金属性的) • It is strong and can be readily formed into
practical shapes . • Ductile [5dQktail] —permanent deformability • metallic luster • electric conductor
• a . Metals metallic bond • b . Ceramics (glass) ionic [aI5RnIk] and
covalent [kEu5veilEnt] bond
• c . Polymers covalent and Van der waals
bond
• d . Composites • e . semiconductors
science
II. The structural materials
III. The electronic and magnetic
materials
materials
IV. Materials in engineering design
engineering
• Nature of materials’ properties
engineering
Key word
• Alloy [5AlCi]
• Atomic-scale-architecture
• Brittle [5britl] • Ceramic [si5rAmik] • Composite [5kCmpEzit, -zait] • Concrete [5kCnkri:t]
• Conductor
• Crystalline [5kristElain] adj. • Devitrified [di:5vitrifai] • Ductility [dQk5tiliti]
• Electronic and magnetic material
• Element [5elimEnt] • Fiberglass [5faIbE^lB:s]
4 . Devitrify [di:5vitrifai]
To cause (a glassy material) to become crystalline and brittle.
5 . solution
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases, or a combination of these.
Introduction to Materials Science and
Engineering
Guan Rui-fang
材料与新技术革命
材料与国防现代化
• This book is divided into four
major sections
I. The fundamentals
A Metals
1 . i.e. Latin， the written abbreviation for id est ,
也就是，即。 读作：that is 2 . state-of-the-art
技术发展水平，现代化的。 3 . superplastic.
超塑性的,超塑性材料(制)的
Structural steel
Key word
• Glass • Glass-ceramic • Insulator • Materials science and engineering • Materials selection • Metallic
• Microcircuitry [5maIkrEJs\:kIt]
• Microscopic-scale architecture • Noncrystalline
• Microscopic or submicroscopic structure
• Engineering design
Chapter I Materials for Engineering
1.1 Types of materials 1.2 From structure to properties 1.3 Selection of materials 1.4 Materials science and
• The ceramics is derived from Greek word “keramic” which means an art of potter .
Include :
• Nonmetallic [5nCnmi5tAlik]
Key word
• Oxide
• Periodic[piEri5Cdik]
table
• Plastic
• Polyethylene [7pCli5eWili:n]
• Polymer
• Property • Refractoryaterial • wood
• Silica硅石，SiO2
• Silicate]硅酸盐
• Silicon硅元素
• Steel
1.1 Types of materials
What materials are available to me ?
Five categories