地点和位置的介词
表示地点和位置的介词
1. at, in, on
1）at表示较狭窄较小的地方（小村庄，小城镇），in表示较大的地方（大城
市，大的空间）。
I met her at the bus-stop. They arrived at the famous tow n in South Jia ngsu.
She is livi ng in Nanj ing. There are a great many isla nds in the Pacific.
2）门牌号码前用at， road前面用on，street前用in或on。
in the street （BrE） on the street （AmE） at 103 Wall Street on the road
3）把某个机构看成是机关或组织时用 at，看成一个具体的地方时用in
She is at Oxford.她在牛津读书。
She is in Oxford她在牛津居住（工作
或逗留）
4） at可以表示有意、有目的的行为。
She is at the table 她在吃饭She is beside/ by the desk她坐在桌旁。
5）on在---上面，表示上下两者紧贴在一起，in表示在---里面。
She put the book on the desk. She put the book in the desk.
She wore a smile on her face.面咅E表情）She was wounded in the face.（伤有深
度）
2. on 和 undern eath
underneath是 on的反义词，表示某物紧贴在另一物的底下
There is a piece of paper undern eath the dicti on ary.
3. under 和 over
under和over是一对反义词，表示正上方，正下方，没有接触的含义
There are some chairs un der the tree. The lamp hung over the table. under和over还可以表示上级、下级。
He is over us= We are un der him.
4. above和 below
两者是一对反义词，表示高于、低于，既不表示接触，也不表示上下垂直。
The pla ne is flying above us. The sun has sunk below the horiz on.
5. ben eath
可以和 underneath, under, below互换。
6. at, by, beside
at表示有目的的接近、接触，by和beside表示偶然的接近，不接触。
She will be waiting for you at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.
The girl stood by/ beside her mother.
To those who sta nd by me, I shall sta nd by my promise对那些支持我的人，我将恪守诺言。
7. near和 next to
Near表示在---附近，靠近；next to表示紧挨着，紧靠着。
No birds or ani mals came n ear the lake. She went and sat n ext to him.
8. before, in front of, at the front of, ahead of
before用于某人前；in front of用于建筑物前；in front of和ahead of用于空间可互换，用于时间只能用ahead o；in the frontof表示内部空间的前部；at the front
of表示外部空间的前面。
The book was put before her. A big pine tree stood in front of our house.
They walked in front of/ ahead of their teacher. We can fin ish the work ahead of time.
I always prefer to sit in the front of the car. Who is the girl at the front of the queue?
9. for, from, to, towards, by
1) for表示目的地的方向，常与 sail, leave, bou nd, move, head, make等词连用
They are leav ing for Nanji ng tomorrow. The ship is bound for Hong Kong.
2) to表示目的地，译为到达；towards表示朝着某个方向，没有到达的意思。
He walked towards the bus-stop. He walked to the bus-stop.
3) by表示方向时有偏于的意思
The boat is saili ng north by east船朝着北偏东德方向驶去。
10. in side 和 within
1) in side表示较小的范围空间，within多指大的范围空间。
I know what is in side the box. I lived within a castle for two years.
2) 在表示时间距离时，两者均表示不超过
Joh n will leave withi n/ in side an hour.
11. along, across, by, through, past
1) along指沿着，一条线；across两条线交叉，一条线从另一条线上横过；
He walked along the road. He walked across the road.
2) through表示动作从物体中间穿过，这个动作是三维空间的；by表示从旁边
经过；past表路过。
She walked across the square她穿过广场。
She walked through the square她从广场中间穿过。
She walked by the square她从广场旁边走过。
She walked past the square她路过广场。
12. up 和 down
1）表示动作时，up指由下而上，down指由上而下。
The car was running up the hill. The car was running down the hill.
They swam up the river. They swam dow n the hill. 2）表示静止的空间位置时，up表示在高处，down表示在下面
The town is situated up the river.上游 The town is situated down the river.下游
3）从乡下到城区，从南方到北方，从沿海到内地，---up，反之则用down。
13. from 和 off
表示路上距离时，两者可互换，表示海上距离时，只能用 off
The square is about 10 miles from/ off my house.
The ship sailed about 40 miles off the sea.。