考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷42(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：While we"ve known for some time about the many long-term benefits of exercise, new research shows aerobic exercise also may have considerable effects on aging and brain health in the short term.A new study says exercise can help older adults improve their memory and overall cognitive health as they【C1】______. Researchers at the Center for BrainHealth studied a group of 37 adults ages 57 to 75【C2】______inactive lifestyles. They were【C3】______two groups, one control group and one physically active group. The fitness group spent one hour a day, three times a week, either bicycling or jogging【C4】______the course of 12 weeks. Each participant was【C5】______before, after and halfway through the study on their overall brain【C6】______and the fitness level of heart and blood vessel. At all three checkpoints, the group that was physically active was found to have higher blood flow in the brain and also improved memory. Researchers【C7】______this to increased blood flow in certain regions of the brain concerning memory. "Science has shown that aging【C8】______mental efficiency and memory decline is the number one cognitive【C9】______of older adults," lead author Sandra Bond Chapman said in a statement. "This research shows the 【C10】______benefit of aerobic exercise on a person"s memory and demonstrates that aerobic exercise can reduce both the biological and cognitive【C11】______of aging." There are hundreds of benefits of exercise at any age【C12】______. for older adults, the affects are especially astonishing. Another study in 2006 showed that exercise not only improved brain performance but 【C13】______increased brain volume in older adults. Researchers say the best part about the 【C14】______findings is that aerobic exercise is low-cost and accessible to anyone,【C15】______is packed with benefits. Exercise can help lower blood pressure, help【C16】______your hormone levels, and even shorten hot flashes. But to【C17】______maximum benefits from an exercise regime, Chapman says it"s important to also get plenty of mental stimulation. "To think we can【C18】______and improve the basic structure of the【C19】______brain through aerobic exercise and complex thinking should【C20】______us to challenge our thinking and get moving at any age," Chapman said.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.age √B.matureC.developD.ripen解析：解析：上文提到新的研究表明有氧运动可能也会对老龄化(aging)产生巨大的影响。
本句顺接上文，指出新的研究表明运动可以帮助老年人提高记忆力和整体认知能力。
空格前的as“随着”引导时间状语从句，A项age表示“衰老”，与上文的aging对应，符合语义逻辑。
(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.fromB.with √C.onD.without解析：解析：这37名成年人都有inactive lifestyles(不爱运动的生活方式)的人，B项with表伴随状态。
后接名词在句中作adults的定语。
表示“不爱运动的成年人”。
(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.derived fromB.split into √C.made intoD.differed from解析：解析：空格后的两个组control group和physically active group表明这里将这37人分成两组。
B项split into“分成”符合语义逻辑。
(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.beforeB.afterC.byD.over √解析：解析：由句法结构可推测本题需填入介词与表示时间段的the course of 12 weeks构成的短语作为本句的时间状语，over the course of“在……期间”，选D项over。
(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.instructedB.estimatedC.assessed √rmed解析：解析：on their overall…and．．．blood vessel表明了参与者是测量或评估了这些内容。
C项assessed有“评估”的意思，填入文中指研究人员在实验之前、之后和实验过程中对每个参与者的身体情况进行评估，语义通顺。
(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.function √B.structureC.illnessD.development解析：解析：空格所在的部分是本句的宾语，brain．．．与the fitness level．．．blood vessel构成并列。
文章开头提及运动对brain health有影响，且下文提到大脑的血流量(blood flow)、记忆力(memory)与大脑所起的作用相关，故选A项function“功能”。
(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）pareB.devoteC.leadD.attribute √解析：解析：this指代上句的研究发现；空格词应与to搭配，说明研究发现与大脑某些有关记忆的特定区域血流量增加的关系。
D项attribute与to搭配表示“把……归因于”，代入句中指研究者们把这种现象归因于大脑某些有关记忆的特定区域血流量的增加。
(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.improvesB.lessensC.decreases √D.alters解析：解析：此空格需填入一个动词作宾语从句的谓语，其主语是宾语是aging(衰老)，宾语是mental efficiency(大脑效率)。
and后并列的内容谈论记忆力衰退(memory decline)与老年人(older adults)的关系，说明衰老是会导致记忆力下降的。
故选C项decreases“降低”，排除A项improves“改善”。
(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.processpetenceplaint √D.phenomenon解析：解析：老年人会遇到记忆力衰退的问题，本句需填入能被cognitive修饰的名词来指代该问题。
complaint可以指病症，既可以是小病、慢性病，也可以是传染性疾病等。
cognitive complaint“认知疾病”符合语义逻辑，故选择C项complaint。
(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.tremendous √B.specialC.unknownD.limited解析：解析：第一段提到，新的研究表明有氧运动可能也会对老龄化和脑健康在短期内产生巨大的影响(have considerable effects)，推测此处应填入与considerable语义呼应的形容词来修饰benefit，故选A项tremendous“巨大的”。