动词及动词短语【2008全国Ⅰ】The performance_______ nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early.A. coveredB. reachedC. playedD. lasted【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
last持续，延续。
句意：演出持续了近三个小时,但很少有人提早离开了剧院。
【语言学习】last1. 持续，延续，继续The meeting lasted 7 hours. 会议开了七个小时。
2. 持久；耐用This pair of shoes last well. 这双鞋很耐穿。
3. 够用；维持；支持Our money will last to the end of the summer vacation. 我们的钱够用到暑期末。
【2008全国Ⅰ】After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane_______ her job as a doctor in the countryside.A. set outB. took overC. took upD. set up【答案】C【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
take up开始从事一项事业、一种职业等。
句意：医学院学习后五年,简个在乡下从事医生工作。
set out出发，开始，陈述，陈列；take over接管，接收；set up建立，装配，竖立。
【语言学习】take up1. 拿起，拔起She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。
They took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty. 他们拿起武器为信仰和自由而斗争。
2. 占用，占(地方)：All available accommodation were taken up.房间都住满了。
3. 占去(地方、时间、注意力等)；费(时间)；占据(注意力)：I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time. 对不起，我占了你这么多宝贵时间。
The piano takes up too much space. 这架钢琴占地方太多。
4. 开始从事(一项事业、一种职业等)，学习(某种知识、技能等)；着手处理(某事)He took up writing after graduation. 毕业后他开始从事写作。
to take up swimming 开始学游泳5. 接着讲，接下去说；继续(中断的话)The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week. 老师接着上星期停下来的地方把课文讲下去。
【2008全国Ⅱ】—What are you reading, Tom?—I’m not really reading, just_______ the pages.A. turning offB. turning aroundC. turning overD. turning up【答案】C【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
turn over翻阅，翻过(一页)。
句意：—看什么内容？—我没在真正看书, 只是在翻书。
turn off关闭；turn around转身，(使)转向；turn up调大，到场，露面。
【语言学习】turn over1. (使)颠倒；倒转The desk lamp was turned over by someone. 台灯被人打翻了。
2. 把……翻过来；翻身The doctor turned the patient over and looked at his back. 医生给病人翻了个身，检查他的背部。
4. 转交，交付，把……交给He turned the key over to me when he left the room. 他离开房子时把钥匙交给了我。
我们厂已经转而生产柴油机了。
5. 做多少钱的生意，营业额为，交易额为，成交量为Our store turns over 1 000 dollars a week. 我们店每周的营业额为1 000美元。
6. 翻阅，翻过一页Please turn over to page 12. 请把书翻到第12页。
【2008全国Ⅱ】Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it_______.A. collectedB. containedC. loadedD. saved【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。
contain包含, 含有。
句意：小约翰摸着口袋，很好奇，想知道里面装着什么东西。
collect收集，募捐；load装载；save 挽救。
【语言学习】Collect1. 使集合，使聚集Will you collect all the students to the classroom? 您把全体学生召集到教室中好吗?2. 收集，收藏Why do you collect stamps? 你为什么要收藏邮票?3. 使镇定，鼓起勇气This gave Mr White an opportunity of collecting his thoughts. 这就给怀特先生一个使思想集中起来的机会。
4. 取，领取What about leaving it here and collecting it on the way back? 先把它放在这里等回来再取好不好?【2008天津】The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to_______ their discussion.A. put awayB. take downC. look overD. carry on 【答案】D【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
carry on继续。
句意：吃完饭, 经理们回到会议室继续讨论。
put away放好，储存；take down写下, 记下；look over检查，察看，从……上面看。
carry on1. 从事；经营；进行；继续Isabella's father carried on a trade in silks. 伊莎贝拉的父亲经营丝绸业。
2. (尤指迎着困难)进行下去，继续进行，坚持下去They will carry on their negotiations next week.他们将于下周继续进行谈判。
【2008天津】Her shoes_______ her dress; they look very well together.A. suitB. fitC. compareD. match【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
match指颜色、款式等相配。
句意：她的鞋和衣服很搭配, 二者搭起来很不错。
suit时间、口味等合乎需要；fit大小、尺寸合适；compare比较, 对照。
【语言学习】match1. 敌得过；与……匹敌No one could match the skill of the unknown carver. 没有哪个人的技艺能比得上那位不出名的雕刻家。
2. 和……相配This ribbon does not match with my hat. 这条丝带和我的帽子不相配。
3. 使较量；使比赛(与against 连用)Gabb will be matched against Fay in the semifinal. 加布将在半决赛中和费伊较量。
4. 使比较If you match that glove against this, you will find that one is slightly lighter than the other. 假如你把那只手套和这只手套进行比较，你会发现一只比另一只的颜色略微淡一点。
【2008安徽】—Are you happy with your new computer?—No, it is_______ me a lot of trouble.A. showingB. leavingC. givingD. sparing【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。
give sb. a lot of trouble给某人带来诸多麻烦。
句意：—满意你的新电脑吗? —不,它给我带来很多麻烦。
注意：leave sb. a lot of trouble给某人留下很多麻烦。
【2008安徽】Don’t be so discourag ed. If you _______ such feelings, you will do better next time.A. carry onB. get backC. break downD. put away【答案】D【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
put away处理掉；放弃；抛弃；打消。
句意：别这么沮丧。
如果你伤感处理好,下次会做得更好。
carry on开展, 进行；get back取回, 拿回；break down分解, 崩溃，出毛病。
put away1.把……收起来；放回原处Put your toys away in the cupboard when you've finished playing. 把你的玩具玩完后放进柜子里去。
3. 储蓄；储存……备用You may just want to put something away for a rainy day. 你也许想储存点东西以防万一。
【2008江西】I_______ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.A. makeB. lookC. takeD. think【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。
Take…as…把……看作是……；把……当作是……。
句意：我公司有一条基本原则——依据他们的产品给原材料供应商一个公平的价格。
注意：look on. …as. ….和think of…as…也有此意。
【2008湖北】Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still_______ the traditional customs.A. performB. possessC. observeD. support 【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。