Section Ⅲ Grammar-一般过去时、过去进行时与过去完成时[语法初识]我们小时候常在一起玩。
It was raining at 7：00 pm the day before yesterday.前天晚上7：00时正在下雨。
When the teacher came into the classroom, Liu Hong had gone home.当老师走进教室时，刘红已经回家了。
集中演练11－1.单句语法填空①She had_learned (learn) some English before she came to the institute.②When I was a child, I often played (play) football in the street.③It was the thir d time that he had_left (leave) the key at home.④Joy said he would play football with me if I finished (finish) practicing the piano.⑤He had_worked (work) in the factory for five years before he moved here.⑥The hotel wasn't particularly good, but I had_stayed (stay) in many worse hotels.⑦An earthquake struck (strike) some parts of Italy last week, causing great damage to the local people.⑧ —Didn't the policeman notice the man breaking into the bank?—No, he was_looking (look) in the other direction.⑨B efore he came to China, he had_learned (learn) Chinese for more than five years.⑩Sorry, I was_taking (take) a bath when you called me last night.1－2.单句改错⑪All the guests had appeared by ten o'clock, but the host wouldn't appear until 20 minutes later.wou ldn't→didn't⑫I learned 2,000 English words by the end of last term.learned前加had⑬The thief tried to break away from the policeman who held him but failed.held→was_holding⑭John had liked to play the piano when he was in secondary school.去掉had ⑮ I had planned to meet Mr Thompson this morning but I had found there was nobody in the room when I came.去掉第二个had1．一般过去时的特殊用法(1)在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来。
Alina said she would come if I promised to wait for her.艾琳娜说如果我答应等她，她会来的。
(2)since引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。
He has been talking since he came in.自从他进来后，他一直在说话。
(3)一般过去时也和“for＋时间段”连用，表示过去的一段经历。
They lived here for twenty years.他们曾在这里住过二十年。
2．过去进行时的特殊用法go, come, leave, start, stay等动词的过去进行时可以表示过去将要发生的动作。
She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day.她告诉我她第二天就出发到意大利去。
3．过去完成时的特殊用法(1)过去完成时用在“no sooner ... than”和“hardly ... when”等句型的主句中，而从句用一般过去时，no sooner，hardly放在句首时主句用部分倒装。
Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我们才刚刚开动，汽车的轮胎就瘪了。
(2)有些动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本打算做而未做某事”。
We had hoped to finish it on time but we failed.我们本希望按时完成这件事的，但我们没有做到。
(3)在“That/It was＋第几次＋从句”中，从句的谓语用过去完成时。
That was the first time I had made such a mistake.那是我第一次犯这样的错误。
集中演练22－1.单句语法填空①She aske d him whether he was_coming (come) back for lunch.②I had_hoped (hope) to be back last night, but I didn't catch the train.③He played (play) football regularly for many years when he was young.④I haven't found any job since I was (be) out of work.⑤That was the first time that we had_seen (see) a film in the cinema together as a family.2－2.单句改错⑥That was the first time that John visited the town.visited前加had⑦We planned to finish the work before dark, but we were held up by a heavy rain.planned前加had⑧Wh en I came across her in the supermarket, she waited for someone.waited→was_waiting⑨My brother watched the football match at this time yesterday.watched→was_watching⑩When she saw the man in the photo, she realized that she saw him before.第二个saw→had_seen[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空) Later, engineers managed(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube.解析：根据句中的became可判定用过去时，故填managed。
2. (2017·天津高考单选改编)I was_driving (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.解析：此处为句型be doing ...when ...“正在做某事，这时……”，根据后面的found 及was可判定应用过去进行时，故填was driving。
3. (2016·四川高考语法填空)However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother drove (drive) the young panda away.解析：前一句动词用了一般过去时stayed，后面的句子与之并列，也需用一般过去时，故用drive的过去式drove。
4．(2015·安徽高考)Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I had_left (leave) my book in the cafe.解析：句意：就在我到达学校门口时，我意识到我把我的书落在咖啡馆里了。
句中as引导的时间状语从句和主句的时态都是一般过去时，空格处的句子是realize的宾语从句。
结合句意，可知宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，且已完成，故用过去完成时态。
5．(2015·湖南高考)He must have sensed that I was_looking (look) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that？”解析：句意：他肯定已经感觉到我正在看他。
他突然扫视了我一眼然后平静地说：“你为什么一直那样看着我？”根据must have sensed以及语境得知此处是对过去正在进行的事情的说明，故用过去进行时。
6．(2014·浙江高考)Sofia looked around at all the faces; she had the impression that she had_seen (see) most of the guests before.解析：句意：索菲亚向四周看了下所有的客人，她感觉大部分客人以前都见过。
根据谓语动词looked, had和时间状语before，可知是过去的事情，而“以前见过”应该发生在这些动作之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。