高考英语一轮复习——被动语态（附答案）I.考点分析一、被动语态的形式被动语态是非常严重的考点。
并且我们发现与被动语态有关的考题每次都有2到3题。
首先我们要了解被动语态的基本形式。
大凡现在时be done现在进行时be being done大凡过去时was/were done过去进行时was/were being done现在完成时have/has been done过去完成时had done大凡将来时will be done将来过去时would/should be done将来完成时will have been done过去将来完成时would/should have been donegoing to结构going to be donebe tobe to be done情态动词情态动词+be done不定式to be doneto have been done二、被动语态在下列情况下可以使用：1.只有及物动词或不及物动词+前置词才能用被动态结构；单独的不及物动词不能使用。
A great battle was fought.The babies were looked after by the nurse.2.当不知到动作的发出者，或不简易指出动作的发出者时，可用被动语态。
The window is broken.The chemical works is equipped with sophisticated machines.The audience is requested to keep silence.3.当我们对动作的接受者比动作的发出者更感性趣时，可用被动语态。
The five-year plan has been drawn up.Comrade Li was elected chairman.4.由于某种分外的原因(如说话技巧、说话者的感情等)，故意回避行为的发出者时，可用被动语态。
Any suggestions will be heartily appreciated.It is believed that there are about four million workers unemployed the U.S.A eachyear.5.当谈及疾病时，可用被动结构。
His left lung is affected.She is confined to the room by illness.Tom was seized with sudden chest pain.6.当由于工作或其它原因过度困乏时，可用被动结构。
He was completely exhausted after a long walk.I was almost fagged out.She was knocked up after the long steep climb.7.由于兴奋或激烈时，可用被动结构表示。
Jane was delighted to hear the news of your success.I am very pleased to see you here.She was enchanted with the flowers you sent her.8.当由于受阻或某种原因延迟或耽搁时，可用被动语态结构。
We have been held up by fog.The mountain roads were obstructed by falls of rock.The train was delayed 2 hours. The harbour was blocked by ice.9.当涉及个人习惯时，可用被动态结构。
He is quite used to hard work.This is not the kind of treatment I am accustomed to.He is addicted to smoking.10．当涉及忧愁时，可用被动结构He was annoyed to learn that the train would be delayed.She is easily upset emotionally.He was vexed at his failure.He was disturbed to hear of your illness.11．表示惊异时，可用被动态结构。
I was astonished to see him there.I am surprised h e didn’t come.He was shocked to hear his daughter swearing.He was startled to see her looking so ill.12．当涉及被围困、被（栅栏）隔开、拦开时，可用被动态结构。
His land is fenced with barbed wire.The troops were surrounded.Troy was besieged by the Greeks for 10 years.Japan is compassed about by the ocean.13．当涉及污染、弄脏等意思时，可用被动态结构。
His reputation is tarnished.My car was mired.Your fingers are stained with ink.14．当涉及与混淆有关的意思时，可用被动结构。
I was confused t o hear that.He was puzzled what to do next.Tom was bewildered by the examination questions.They asked so many questions that I got confused.三、被动语态注意要点：1.主动语态的主语是people, they, we, you, one, someone, no one等，如泛指大凡人，则改为被动语态时，常常被省略。
They speak Portuguese in Brazil.Portuguese is spoken in Brazil.You should observe this law.This law should be observed.2.不及物动词+介词的动词短语，改为被动语态时，介词不可省略。
Mary laughed at his plan.His plan was laughed at by Mary.I looked down upon them .They are looked down upon by me.3.及物动词有两个宾语时，可改为两种被动语态。
Theyoffered her a post in the Cabinet.She was offered a post in the Cabinet.A post in the Cabinetwas offered her.4.有些动词以被动语态表主动意义，其后不用by，而用at, in, with, about ,to 等介词。
I am worried about this .This worries me.John is interested in history.Historyinterests John.Her plan was known to everyone.Everyone knew her plan.5.祈使句的被动语态：肯定祈使句主动语态：V+O被动语态：Let + O + be +过去分词Bring the man here .let the man be brought here.否定祈使句主动语态：Don’t + V + O被动语态：Don’t let+ O +be +过去分词Don’t forget to bring the cases.Don’t let it be forgotten to bring the cases.6.疑问句改为被动语态。
Who broke the window ?By whom was the window broken?Did anyone hear Mike leave the classroom?Was Mike heard to leave the classroom?7.感官动词或使役动词+宾语+原形动词，改为被动语态时，其后的原形动词改为不定式。
We saw Tom enter the room.Tom was seen to enter the room by us.8.有宾语补语的句子改为被动语态时，补语放在动词之后。
Everyone expected Emily to marry Mark.Emily was expected by everyone to marry Mark.II.练习：1.That tree looked as if _____ for a long time.A) hasn’t wateredB) didn’t waterC) hadn’t been wateredD) wasn’twatered2. After _____ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A)beinginterviewedB)interviewedC)interviewingD)havinginterviewed3. Mr. Johnson preferred _____ heavier work to do.A) to be givenB) to be givingC) to have givenD) having given4. The grey building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spareparts _____ .A) are producingB) are producedC) producedD) being produced5. It is not unusual for workers in that region _____.A) to be paid more than a month lateB) to be paid later than more a monthC) to pay later than a month moreD) to pay late more than a month6. Michaelused to look hurt and surprised when _____.A) scoldingB) to scoldC) having scoldedD) scolded7. o be frank, I’d rather you _____ in the case.A) will not be involvedB) not involvedC) not to be involvedD) werenot involved8. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A) having been fined B) to be finedC) to have been finedD) being fined9.Itisrecommendedthattheproject_____untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.A)isnotstartedB)willnotbestartedC)notbestartedD)isnottobestarted10. The fifth generation computers , which artificial intelligence, _____ and perfectednow.A) developedB) have developedC) are being developedD) will havebeen developed11. Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection _____ to thenation.A) has leftB) is to leaveC) leavesD) is to be left12.The room is in a terrible mess; it _____ cleaned.A)can’thavebeenB)shouldn’thavebeenC)mustn’thavebeenD)wouldn’t hav e been13. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _____ today and are being modified bythe work of scientists of our time.A) are to challengeB) may be challengedC) have been challengedD) arechallenging14. It is vital that enough money _____ to fund the project.A) be collectedB) must be collectedC) is collectedD) can be collected15.Asteachersweshouldconcernourselveswithwhatissaid,notwhatwethink_____ _.A) ought to be saidB) must sayC)have to be saidD) need to say16. I don’t think it advisable that Tim _____ to the job since he has no experience.A)isassignedB)willbeassignedC)beassignedD)hasbeenassigned17. Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university_____ .A)hasbeenacceptedB)havebeenacceptedC)wasacceptedD)wereaccepted18. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _____.A) be put offB) was put offC) should put offD) is to put off19. All flights _____ because the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing buttake the train.A)hadbeencanceledB)havebeencanceledC)werecanceledD)having been canceled20.If the operation _____ beforehand, agreatdealof time and moneywould havebeen lost.A) was not plannedB) has not been plannedC) were not plannedD) hadnot been planned21.AsCommander-in-chiefonthearmedforces,Ihavedirectedthatallmeasures_____ for our defense.A) be takenB) would be takenC) to be takenD) had been taken22. The project _____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city’s telephone network tocover 1,000,000 users.A)beingaccomplishedB)tobeaccomplishedC)accomplishedD)havingbeen accomplished23. Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply _____.A) appealedB)appreciatedC) appliedD)approved24. It is essential that these application forms _____ back as early as possible.A)must be sentB) will be sentC)be sentD) are sent25. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _____ in broad daylight yesterday.A)robbedB)to have been robbedC) being robbedD)having been robbedIII.答案及详解1. C)题意：那棵树看上去似乎很长时间没给浇水了。