2018高考英语III卷英语：短文改错详解（北京四中详解版）
北京四中高三英语教研室整理
真题呈现
2018高考英语III短文改错
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65 (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch.
高考语法填空考什么？不妨研习一下今年真题
正确答案
61. which 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged 66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant 70. to stay
答案解析
61.考查了宾语从句的引导词。
规则：宾语从句=主句+引导词+宾语从句。
本题所在句中I'm not sure 为主句部分，后面为宾语从句。
从
句是选择疑问句，但缺少了疑问词which，which同时也在充当宾语从句的引导词。
拓展：宾语从句的引导词有:连词that,whether,if;关系代词what,who,whose,which和关系副词when,where,how,why等。
62.考查冠词的基本用法。
在题目中 62 top of her lungs处可以看出此题考查定冠词的特指的用法。
63.考查了副词的三级问题。
提示词为loud，句中的暗示条件：the 和all，很容易得出答案。
仔细观察句中 the 63 (loud)of all处，你定会豁然开朗。
64.考查了非谓语动词的用法。
avoid后跟动词的ing结构。
65.考查了词性转换。
challenge的基本释义为：n. 挑战;怀疑；vt. 向…挑战。
而题目所在句中的空格前的feel，提示空格处缺少表语。
所以用形容词。
challenging是形容词，表示什么东西（事）具有挑战性；challenged作为形容词，是指人被挑战了。
所以填challenged.
66.考查了词性转换。
关注 I'm a 66 (science)部分，很显然需要用
scientist。
考试中science，scientist和scientist常常是考查的热点。
67.考查了介词的基本用法。
search在句中跟有宾语 gorillas，但search是不及物动词，要跟宾语，表示“搜寻”，需要用短语search for.所以空格处填介词for.
68.考查了代词的基本用法。
句中find作为动词，后面they的主格形式需要变为宾格形式them.
拓展：人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格在句中一般用作主语、表语等,宾格在句中用作动词的宾语和介词的宾语。
69考查了谓语动词的时态问题。
分析 the huge animal 69 (mean)me no real harm处，我们会发现题目考查了主语后面的谓语动词的基本用法。
主语后面的谓语动词的基本用法，我们可以从四个方面去思考：时态，语态，主谓一致；语气。
结合句意和语法知识可知，此题在考查谓语动词的时态问题。
结合上下语境，此处需要过去时。
70.考查了非谓语动词的基本用法。
分析he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch处可知allowed为谓语动词，那么stay为非谓动词，由此可知本题用了allow somebody to do something的结构，空格处用不
定式形式：to stay.。