当前位置:
文档之家› 构建骨组织工程支架中应用的3D打印技术
构建骨组织工程支架中应用的3D打印技术
中国组织工程研究 第 19 卷 第 30 期 2015–07–16 出版 Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research July 16, 2015 Vol.19, No.30
构建骨组织方医科大学第二临床医学院, 广东省广州市 510282;2南方医科大学珠江医院骨科中心, 广东省广州市 510282)
Abstract BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional printing technique has been applied in medical fields since it was invented in the end of 20th century. Recently it has been widely used in manufacturing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To review the basic concept of the scaffold for bone tissue engineering, the basic requirements for three-dimensional printing technique in scaffold engineering, different materials used in bone tissue engineering, the advantages and limitations of three-dimensional printing technique and the outlook of three-dimensional printing technique applied in manufacturing scaffold for bone tissue engineering. METHODS: The first author did a computer-aided retrieval of the MEDLINE database, Science Direct database, CNKI database, and CQVIP database for articles relevant to three-dimensional printing technique used in manufacturing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering published between January 1990 and February 2015. The key words were “three-dimensional printing, tissue engineering, rapid prototyping technology, scaffold, materials” in English and Chinese, respectively. Repetitive studies were excluded, and 33 of 52 related literatures were adopted in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional printing technique has many advantages such as high
骨组织工程的出现,为这一难题提出了新思路。骨 组织工程基本出发点是以“诱导成骨”的方式而非单纯 以“爬行替代”的方式实现骨的修复和再生。近年来, 随着骨组织工程的研究深入,支架材料的制备以及其制 备的方法也成为研究重点[4]。
骨组织工程支架的传统制备方法包括溶液浇铸/离 子洗出法、原位成型法、静电纺丝法、相分离/冻干法、 气体成孔法等[5-7],虽然这些工艺也获得了但比较满意的 效果,但不能实现对支架材料和孔隙结构的精确控制, 结构形状也无法做到与骨缺损部位的解剖结构完全契 合,从而不能实现个性化植入物的制备。
摘要 背景:3D 打印技术自 20 世纪末出现以来逐渐应用在医学领域已成为一种趋势。近年来 3D 打印技术被广泛 用于骨组织工程支架材料的成型,并取得了一些令人惊喜的成果。 目的:文章从骨组织工程支架基本概念、3D 打印的基本原理和流程、3D 打印应用于构造支架的要求以及不 同的粉末材料等方面进行阐述,分析其优势与目前存在的局限性,并对未来 3D 打印在骨组织工程支架中的应 用进行展望。 方法:第一作者应用计算机检索 1990 年 1 月至 2015 年 2 月 MEDLINE 数据库、Science Direct 全文数据库、 中国期刊全文数据库、维普中文期刊网等有关 3D 打印技术在构建骨组织工程支架中应用的文章,检索词“3D 打印,组织工程学,快速成型技术,支架,材料”,排除重复性研究。文章共检索到 52 篇相关文献,其中 33 篇文献符合纳入标准。 结果与结论:3D 打印技术具有高精度、构建速度快、可按需制造实现个性化定制等优势。3D 打印应用于骨 组织工程支架构建时,所用的粉末或黏合剂需具备一定的条件,如流动性、稳定性与可湿性等。用于打印的 粉末材料可分为人工合成多聚体、天然高分子聚合物、生物陶瓷及它们的混合物。不同粉末材料的粉末各自 优缺点不同,且最终成型效果也不尽相同。3D 打印技术也存在一些包括费用昂贵、不易大规模生产等方面的 局限性。但尽管如此,3D 打印的临床应用前景一片光明。
Yu Qiang, Second College of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China
Corresponding author: Tian Jing, Master, Professor, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China
Accepted: 2015-05-16
4870
P.O. Box 10002, Shenyang 110180
于强,等. 构建骨组织工程支架中应用的 3D 打印技术
resolution, high velocity and the freedom to build unlimited geometries. There are some requirements for the powder and binder used to construct bone tissue engineering scaffolds using the three-dimensional printing technique, such as the flowability, stability and wettability. A wide range of materials can be used: synthetic and natural polymers, ceramics, as well as composites of the aforementioned. Various kinds of powder take responsibility of different features of scaffolds, resulting from the advantages and disadvantages of different materials. Although this technique has some limitations such as high cost and the difficulty of commercial production, its application still has a bright future.
文章亮点: 1 此问题的已知信息:3D 打印技术已开始应用于组织工程支架的构建,具有高精度、速度快和可实现按需定 制的优点。 2 文章增加的新信息:从 3D 打印技术应用在骨组织工程支架构建的原理和基本流程入手,总结所用原料粉 末与黏合剂所需具备的条件,并比较分析不同粉末材料的优势与劣势。 3 临床应用的意义:3D 打印技术可精细控制支架内部的精细结构(如孔隙率),并且能够不受所打印形状的限 制等优势,应用于临床骨组织工程支架的构建前景广泛。 关键词: 生物材料;骨生物材料;支架材料;3D 打印;黏结剂;组织工程学;快速成型技术;人工合成多聚体; 天 然高分子聚合物 ;生物陶瓷 主题词: 组织工程;细胞;支架
于强,田京. 构建骨组织工程支架中应用的 3D 打印技术[J].中国组织工程研究,2015,19(30):4870-4875. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.30.022
Application of three-dimensional printing technique in manufacturing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
0 引言 Introduction 骨具有强大的自我修复的能力[1],但无法完全修复
大体积的骨缺损。全世界每年骨缺损的患者数以千万 计,因肿瘤和创伤而造成的大体积骨缺损是临床上进行 骨修复和移植的主要原因[2]。治疗骨缺损最理想的材料 就是自体骨,但是自体骨来源有限,同时增加了患者的 痛苦,不能满足临床需要[3]。
Yu Qiang1, Tian Jing2 (1Second College of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China)