主谓一致：谓语动词和主语在人称和数保持一致。
Q1:在一个句子中，什么是主语？什么是谓语？例子：1.The boy is cute. 2.My father likes reading.3.His brothers are reading books.4.The children often play football.请在上面的句子中画出主语和谓语。
【知识点一】谓语动词用单数情况：be(is/isn’t/was/wasn’t)；实义动词在一般现在时中用三单。
（一）主语为第三人称单数：Tom ______ (be) a good student.Sally_______ (run) fastest of all.（二）主语是由some, any, no, every 与one, body, thing 组成不定代词。
Everyone___________ (like) taking exercise.（三）主语是不可数名词：Some water __________ (be) in the bottle.（四）主语为one of+名词复数，“.....之一”One of the runners_________(be)from Class One.（五）主语为the number of+名词复数，“....的数目”或者muchThe number of students in our school ________(be)1,000.There ________(be) much milk.（六）主语为maths/physics(物理)等以-s结尾的名词，不表示复数意义，谓语用单数。
Maths_________(be) an important subject.（七）主语表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算，谓语用单数。
1. Two months ________(be) a long holiday.2. Twenty dollars____________ (be) is too expensive for the book.3. Twenty pounds ________（is / are）not so heavy.4. Ten miles ________（is / are）not a long distance.5. Five minus four ________（is / are）one.（八）each, either, neither作主语，谓语用单数。
1. Each of them _________ (have) an English book.2.Either of them _________ (have) an English book.3.Neither of them _________ (have) an English book.（九）more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数，“不止一个”More than one student ________（has / have）ever been to Beijing.【知识点二】谓语动词用复数形式:be(are/aren’t/were/weren’t)；实义动词在一般现在时中用原形（一）主语为非三单：1. We ___________ (be) students.2. They __________ (play) football.（二）主语为集体名词：如people，谓语用复数People here ____________ (be) very friendly.（三）the+形容词表示一类人：The poor__________ (be) very happy, the rich _________ (be) very sad. （四）Both...and/ both of/ a (larger/great)number of/ many作主语，动词复数形式。
Both I and he _________(be)students.Both of them__________(swim) very well.A large number of students_________(take) exercise.【知识点三】特殊情况1.部分集体名词如family作主语，根据所表达意思来确定谓语动词单复数。
1）“一个整体”，谓语用单数。
2）“具体成员”，谓语用复数。
①My family ______________ (have) lunch now. 此处family意思是_________②Her family________ (be) large.此处family意思是“_________”2.分数或者百分数of+名词作主语，谓语动词单复数取决于后面的名词。
①One third of the students_________(be) boys.②Thirty percent of the books________(be) new in the library.③Three fourths of the water________(be) polluted(被污染) in this river.④Sixty percent of the money________(be) from the rich man.3.some/any/plenty of/ a lot of/ lots of+名词作主语，谓语动词单复数取决于后面的名词。
Some people________(like) apples.Some water_______(be) in the glass.【知识点四】就近原则：谓语动词单数还是复数取决于最靠近它的主语。
常考句型：1) there be; 2)either…or..(或者…或者…;不是…就是…)3) neither…nor…(既不…也不…)；4) not… but…(不是…而是…)5) not only…but also…(不仅…而且…)1. There ________ (be) a pen and some books on the desk.2. There________ (be) some apples and a pear on the desk.3. Either he or I _________ (be) going to Beijing tomorrow.4. Neither you or he_________ (run) fast.5. Not only the teacher but also the students _________ (like) playing football.6. Not only the students but also the teacher _________ (like) playing football.【知识点五】就远原则：谓语动词与最前面主语决定。
常考：主语部分含有with, together with, except, but, as well as, besides, like 等，谓语动词由这些词前面主语决定。
1.Mike with his father __________ (like) playing chess.2.Nobody but Jane __________ (know) the answers.3.Tom with Janet and Ben ___________ (go) to the park.4. Mike, like his brother, ________（enjoy / enjoys）playing football.5. The students as well as the teacher ________（was / were）present at the meeting.6. Everyone except Tom and John _______ (be) there when the meeting began.【小展示】选择题。
1.This pair of glasses ________ mine.A. areB. beC. isD. will be2. ---Two months _____quite a long time.--- Yes, I’m afraid that he will miss lots of lessons.A. isB. areC. wasD. were3. The young _______the old in our city.A. take good care ofB. is take good care ofC. takes good care ofD. are take good care of4. Neither they nor Lucy_______ a bike.A. haveB. hasC. havingD. is having5. Either Jane or her brothers ______ at home yesterday.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are6. There _____ a study and two bedrooms in his house.A. isB. amC. beD. are7. Maths _______my favourite subject.A. isB. amC. beD. are8. His family ______ all very kind and friendly. His family______ a happy one.A. are, isB. is, isC. are, areD. is, are9. All but one _______ here just now.A. isB. wasC. will beD. were10. The boy with his friends _______ football every afternoon.A. playsB. playingC. playD. played11. Each of them________ swimming.A. likeB. likesC. to likeD. liking12. My sister often _______ shopping with Linda on Sundays.A. goB. goingC. wentD. goes13. ----Have you got some water to drink?---Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle.A. areB. wereC. isD. was14 ._____ there many American friends in the school last Friday?A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were15.-How many children ____ in the picture?-Three.A.has thereB. is thereC. have thereD. are there16. Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia.A. IsB. areC. amD. be17. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy.A. isB. wasC. areD. has18. The boy with the two dogs _____ when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleepingB. is sleepingC. was sleepingD. are asleep19. —What’s on the plate? some eggs and cakes on it?—There _____some eggs and cakes on it.A. isB. areC. wasD. were20.Every one except Tom and John _____there when the meeting began.A. areB. isC. wereD. was21.There __________ too much sugar in the coffee.A. isB. areC. haveD. has22. That place is not interesting at all, ____of us wants to go there.A. NeitherB. BothC.AllD. Some23. Either Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now.A. wereB. isC. wasD. are24. Two days _______enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.A. isn’tB. isC. aren’tD. are25. —How many lessons do you usually have a day?—Six lessons a day. And each of them _____45 minutes.A. lastB. lastsC. haveD. are。