词类转换翻译法资料
三、形容词的转译
1.形容词转译成动词
英语形容词不少可以转译成动词。这
种形容词大体包括两类:一类主要是由动
词派生或转换而来,大多能引申出动词意
义;另一类多用于表示各种心理状态,而
这些心理状态在汉语中一般用动词表达。
Shortly after Jimmy Carter’s election
as President, his advisers were reported
city, I hope you will give him the
necessary help.
他对这座城市完全陌生,所以我希望你能给他必要的帮助。
3.名词转译成副词
I have the honor to inform you that
your request is granted. 我荣幸地通知您,您的请求已得到批准。
词类转换翻译法
在英译汉的过程中,有些句子可以逐
词对译,有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的
表达式不同,就不能逐词对译。原文中有
些词在译文中需要转换词类,才能使汉语
译文通顺自然。
一、名词的转译
1.英语名词转译成动词
由动词派生的名词,具有动词意思的
名词,以结尾表示身份或职业的名词等,
这些名词都可以转译成动词。
maintenance and high productivity.
设计的目的在于自动操作,调节方便,维护简易, 生产率高。
2.英语动词转译成形容词
He said, if this was the case, he would be tempted to try.
他说,如果情况是这样,他颇有跃跃欲试 之意。
3) 英语中有些加后缀-er的名词,如teacher教师,
thinker思想家等等,有时在句中并不指其身份和职业, 而是含有较强的动作意味。在汉语中没有恰当的对应名词 时,往往可以译成动词。 He is a good eater and a good sleeper.
I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I.
越南战争不断消耗着美国的资源。
A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial.
从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念 碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。
他一定已经知道父母的婚姻关系正在破 裂。
2.形容词转译成名词 3.形容词转译成副词
四、副词的词类转译
1. 副词转译成动词 (1)The secretary was asked to lead the applicants in. 译文:秘书按要求将应聘者领进来。 (2)Chairman of the board was out when the telephone rang. 译文:电话响起时董事长出去了。 (3)They had to stay up to write the annual report, so the light was on until midnight.
as recommending lower taxes and higher
government spending.
据说在吉米·卡特当选总统后不久,他的顾问们就建 议应当降低税收,扩大政府开支。
He must have been aware that his
parents' marriage was breaking up.
由形容词派生的名词,以及有些加不定冠词时, 译成形容词。
Diligence and intelligence are of
considerable importance to your success.
勤奋和才智对于获得成功是颇为重要的。
As he was a perfect stranger in the
二、动词的转译
1.英语动词转译成名词
英语中有很多由名词派生的动词,以及 由名词转换的动词,在翻译成汉语的时候, 往往不易找到对应的动词,这时候可以将 其转换成名词。
名词派生的动词
The design aims at automatic
operation, easy regulation, simple
他吃得饱睡得香。
我担心自己不能教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比我教 得好。
4) 作为习语主体的名词往往可以译成动词。
They took a final look at it, still intact in the darkness. 他们最后看了它一眼——它依旧安然无恙地耸立 在黑暗中。
2.名词转译成形容词
例一:Biblioteka The remembrance of these will add
zest to his life.
对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。
回想起这些事情,会给他的生活增添乐趣。
例二
Other governmental activities are the
responsibilities of the individual states,
which have their own constitutions and
laws.
其他政府活动则是各个州的责任,各州都 有自己的宪法和法律。
其他政府职能则由各个州来承担,各州都有自己的宪法和法 律。
1)由动词派生的名词转译成动词
The government called for the establishment of more technical schools.
政府号召建立更多的技术学校。
Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.
火箭已经被用来探索宇宙。
2) 含有动作意味的名词
Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.