• Shanghai is a city which is changing rapidly.
= Shanghai is city changing rapidly.
5
• The teacher stood among the children who laughed.
= The teacher stood among the laughing children.
分词作定语
• 分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后； 单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。 例如：
• The man standing at the window is our teacher.
• A rolling stone gathers no moss.
1
现在分词和过去分词作前置定语的区别
• 4. 表示完成且有主动的含义（仅限于某些不 及物动词的过去分词作定语）
• the escaped prisoners
• the returned students
• the retired workers
3
Change the following complex sentences into simple ones.
• Do you know the young man who is waiting outside the school gate?
= Do you know the young man waiting outside the school gate?
• There seems to be something wrong with the cat that is lying at the corner of the street.
A. Turning
B. To turn
C. Turn
D. Turned
10
二、分析逻辑主语
1. ____A____no buses , we have to walk
home.
2. __D____Sunday， I shall have a quiet
day at home.
A. There being B. It were C. There were D. It being
8
一、分析句子结构
1.____C____many times , but he still
couldn't understand it.
2. __A__&__D__many times , he still couldn't
understand it.
A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been told
= There seems to be something wrong with the cat lying at the corner of the street.
4
• Can you show me any word which begins with the letter “x” ?
= Can you show me any word beginning with the letter “x” ?
• Many of the students who hope to enter the university will be disappointed because only one-tenth of those who apply for admission will be accepted.
= Many of the students hoping to enter the university will be disappointed because only one tenth of those applying for admission will be accepted.
7
Exercises
6
• Last night we eventually got the message which concerned the special meeting.
= Last night we eventually got the message concerning the special meeting.
11

三、分析语态
1.___A___from space , the earth looks blue.
2.____B__from space , we can see the earth
• The man who was wearing a blue shirt and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.
= The man wearing a blue shirt and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.
1. 现在分词表示正在进行的主动动作：
• the rising sun = the sun that is rising
• a sleeping child
• boiling water
• a waiting crowd
2. 表示主动但不在进行：
• He is a promising student.
9
3. ____A____to the left , you'll find the post office.
4. If you _____C___to the left , you'll find the post office.
5. _____C___to the left , and you'll find the post office.
• remaining days
• an embarrassing position
2
现在分词和过去分词作前置定语的区别
• 3. 过去分词表示被动且有时已完成的含义：
• the risen sun = the sun that has just risen
• fried eggs
• boiled water