英语单词的音节及读音规则Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT英语单词的音节及读音规则1.音节概念在英语单词中元音特别响亮，一个发音的元音就可以构成一个音节，所以英语单词的音节是以发音的元音来确定的。
只有一个发音的元音构成的单词称为单音节词，有两个发音的元音构成的单词称为双音节词，三个以上发音的元音构成的单词称为多音节词。
例：双音节词：go, he, stand, think, please, take, some, what, glad, smoke, child,taught双音节词：teacher, brother, Sunday, neighbor, darkness, breakfast, comment ,open多音节词：exercise, holiday, separate, celebrate, institute, opportunitymodernization注：一个单词音节数的多少并不是按组成单词字母的多少来划分的。
2. 单词重音在英语的双音节以上的单词中，有一个或两个读得特别响亮的音节，我们称为重读音节，国际音标上标有“′”这样的重读符号。
一般说来一个单词只有一个重音。
例：Sunday [’s ndi] begin [bi’ɡin]3. 开音节开音节一共有两种：一种叫绝对开音节，即直接以发音的元音字母结尾的单词。
例：go [ɡ], he [hi:], no [n], we [wi:], who [hu:]另一种叫做相对开音节，即发音的元音字母后有一个辅音字母（r除外）再加一个不发音的字母e。
例：make [meik], note [nt], these [ei:z], like [laik], use [ju:z]4.闭音节发音的元音字母后面有一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）时，这个元音字母构成的音节叫闭音节。
如果单词重音在这个音节上，该闭音节就叫做重读闭音节。
例：bad [bd], thank [θk], desk [desk], sit [sit], stick [stik], fog [fɡ], shop [p]; sun [sn], must [mst]5. 元音字母在开音节中的一般发音A a [ei], Ee [i:], Ii [ai], Oo [], Uu [ju:]例：take [teik], late [leit], he [hi:], theme [θi:m], time [taim], nice [nais], no [n]; joke [jk], tune [tju:n], cute [kju:t];6. 元音字母在重读闭音节中的一般发音A a [], Ee [e], Ii [i], Oo [], Uu []例：lamp [lmp], plan [pln], well [wel], best [best], mill [mil], wish [wi], hot [ht];drop [drp], club [cl b], but [b t]7. 各元音在开音节和闭音节的读音规则1）A a开音节中多读[ei] 字母本身的音。
词例：name, plane, cake, take;但have中却发[]重读闭音节中多读[]。
词例：bad, lamp, tank, cat, mapa的前面是辅音[w]时读作[]。
词例：want, wash, what, qualitya的后面是ss, st, sp, sk, th, f, n 时常读作[a:]。
词例：class, fast, grasp, ask, bath, staff, dance, command2) E e开音节中多读[i:] 字母本身的音词例：he, she, be, these重读闭音节中多读[e]。
词例：pen, yes, well, desk, best3) I i (y)开音节中多读[ai] 字母本身的音词例：like, time, bike, why,但give和 live中却发[i]重读闭音节中多读[i]。
词例：stick, ship, big, mill词尾是-nd和-ld时，i可读作[ai] 词例：kind, find, child4) O o开音节中多读[] 字母本身的音词例：no, home, joke, smoke, joke但to, do, who, move, shoe中却发[u:]重读闭音节中多读[]。
词例：hot, fog, shop, long, drop词尾是-st和-ld时，o可读作[] 词例：most, post, bold, cold,例外both, combo的后面是m, n, v, th 时，可读作[] 词例：son, some, come, one, done, love, glove, mother, brother5）U u开音节中多读[] 字母本身的音词例：use, tune, cute, muleu 在辅音字母l, r, j后面时读作[u:]词例：blue, rule, true, June重读闭音节中多读[] 或[u]。
词例：sun, but, club, must, full, put但truth, busy中却发[u:]8. -r音节-re音节的读音规则ar 常读作[a:] 词例：car, park, large, star; 但war, warm, ward却读[:]er常读作[з:] 词例：verb, term, serve, stern;ir常读作[з:] 词例：girl, first, shirt, birdor常读作[:] 词例：horse, short, north, sport;但word, work, world却读[з:] ur常读作[з:] 词例：burn, nurse, hurt, furare常读作[e] 词例：care, dare, stare, rareere常读作[i]或[e] 词例：mere, here, there, were;但were 却读[з:]ore常读作[:] 词例：more, wore, sore, storeire常读作[ai] 词例：fire, tire, hire, mireure常读作[ju]或[u] 词例：pure, cure, manure, sure9. 元音字母组合的读音规则1）a+其它字母al 常读作[:] 词例：ball, walk, talk, walk, also,其后有f或m时可读[a:]例：half, calm, palmau 和augh 常读作[:] 词例：cause, fault, launch; taught, daughter 例外：laugh [a:]aw常读作[:] 词例：law, saw, claw, awfulai 和ay常读作[ei] 词例：wait, main; day, playair 和are常读作[e] 词例：hair, pair, chair; fare, care, dare, stare, share2）e+其它字母ea常读作[i:]或[e]词例：meat, please, peace, clean; head, dead, lead, bread 例外：great, break读作 [ei]ee常读作[i:]词例：meet, three, steel, green, tree, street,needei和ie常读作[i:]词例：field, piece, ceiling, receive有时ei和ey一样。
读作[ei]词例：eight, neighbor; prey, grey例外：friend,读作[e] height读作[ai], review读作 [ju:]ew常读作[ju:]词例：new, few, dew.ew在辅音字母l, r, j后面读作[u:]词例：blew, crew, Jewear常读作[i]词例：hear, dear, tear;有时读[e] 词例：bear, wear, pear后面有辅音字母时读作[з:]词例：learn, pearl, early, earth例外：heart,读作[a:] year读作[j]eer常读作[i]词例：deer, cheer, beer, pioneer, engineer3）o+其它字母oa常读作[] 词例：coat, boat, soap, floatoi和oy常读作[i] 词例：oil, voice, point; boy, joyoul常读作[] 词例：could, would, shouldoo常读作[u:] 词例：food, tooth, spoon, school, moon例外：foot, good, stood,读作[] ; blood, flood读作[]oo后面是k时读作[] 词例：book, look, cook, brookoor和 oar常读作[:] 词例：door, floor; board, coarse例外：poor,读作[u]ou常读作[au]或 [] 词例：loud, house, mouth; young, touch, country, trouble 例外：group,读作[u:], youth读作[ju:],soul,读作[]ough常读作[:] 词例：bouught, fought, thought例外：though,读作[], through读作[u:]our常读作[:] 或[au] 词例：four, course, pour; our, hour, sour, flourow常读作[au] 或[] 词例：now, how, town, down; slow, show, grow, snowowe 或ower常读作[au]词例：towel, vowel; power, flower4）i+其它字母ig或igh常读作[ai] 词例：sign, design; sigh, light, night, bright, eightia, ie或io常读作[ai] 词例：dialogue, reliable; quiet, science; violet, violence 5）u+其它字母ui 常读作[ju:] 词例：suit, nuisanceui的前面有辅音字母l, r, j时，读作[u:]词例：sluice, fruit, juice例外：build读作[i]注：以上都是元音字母、-r音节和元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音规则。