Warm-up Practice
5. It is agreed that a margin of 2 percent shall be allowed for over or short count. 6. IN WITNESS SHEREOF the parties hereto have executed this Contract by their
market prices.
货物的质量和价格必须使进出口双方都能接受 ，而价格必须和世界市场上的价格一致。 (3) The Seller guarantees that the goods shall be in accordance with the
Seller’s specification.
卖方保证货物品质规格要符合卖方的规格说明 。
therefrom.
一方如不履行本合同的义务，违约一方得赔偿另一
方因此而遭受的经济损失。
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
2）使用并列词语 并列成分之间通常语义交叉，可以在内容上互 相补充，从而使表述更全面、严谨、富有弹性 。经贸英语中常见并列词语如下：rights and interests （权益）, terms and conditions（条款），complete and final understanding（全部和最终的理解）, customs fees and duties（关税）, losses and damages（损失和损坏）, null and void（无效）, sign and issue（签发）, able and willing （能够并愿意）, due and payable（到期应付的）, compensation or damages（补偿或赔偿）。
4. “Patents” mean the patents and patent applications now owned by the Licenser in the Territory pertaining to the licensed products, as listed in the Exhibit A of this Contract.
authorized representatives as of the date first above written.
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
1. 商务合同英语的词汇特征： 1）使用古体词 2）使用并列词语 3）系指定义词的运用 4）使用情态动词shall
（2）The License herein granted is conditioned on Party B selling Licensed
Devices at prices no more favorable than those followed by Party A.
在这里授予的许可证是以乙方出售特许装置的价格
(1) The formation of this Contract, its validity, interpretation, execution and settlement of the disputes, shall be governed by the related laws of the People’s Republic of China.
“特许产品”的含义是指合同附表A中所列的所有
产品和许可方在合同有效期内可能对这些产品 做的全部改进。
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
4）使用情态动词shall shall在经贸法律文件中有其特殊的含义，表示“ 应当承担的责任和义务”，常用来表述各项具体 的规定与要求，充分体现了法律文件的权威性 和约束性。一般情况下，shall可直接译为“应当” 、“必须”，或者也可译为“将”，有时可以不译。 例如：
compensate the other party for all its economic losses resulting thereof. 2. All disputes in connection with this Contract or arising in the execution thereof
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
（3）“Licensed Products” are any and all the products as listed in
Schedule A attached hereto and all improvements in such products which may be developed by the Licensor during the Effective Period.
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
3）系指定义词的运用
经贸合同文本当事人会涉及到不同的国家或地 区，语言和法律不同，各自对相同词语的解释 和使用也不完全相同。为了使双方对一合同文 本中的概念、词语统一认识，避免歧义，有必 要对协议中的关键词界定。这些表示定义的词 称为“系指定义词”，经贸合同文本中经常使用的 “系指定义词”归纳起来有mean 和be,一般使用的形 式有:mean, means, shall mean, shall be或者直接用is 和are(
不得优于甲方所遵循的价格为条件的。 （3）If either of the party fails to fulfill its obligations under this Contract,
it shall compensate the other party for all its economic losses resulting
shall first be settled amicably by negotiation.
Warm-up Practice
3. The Purchaser shall be able at all times to account for all copies of the Proprietary Software which are required to be made to permit its efficient use in its intended function.
(1) The Employer shall make a prepayment of 20% of the contracdays after signing the Contract.
雇主应于签约后十天内向承包人支付相当于承
包合同价值20%的预付款。
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
2．商务合同英语的句式特征
1）使用陈述句 2) 使用完整句 3）使用长句 4) 使用被动句 5) 使用名词化结构 6）使用条件句
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
1）使用陈述句 陈述句用于阐述、解释、说明、判断和规定，语 言客观平实，一般无需渲染气氛。由于商务文书 用来规定人们的权利和义务以及陈述交易事实， 所以经贸合同英语的基本句式通常是陈述句结构 。
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
(2) The quality and prices of the commodities to be exchanged between the
importers and exporters in the two countries shall be acceptable to both sides and the prices shall be fixed in accordance with world
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
1）使用古体词 商务合同文本中包含大量古体词语，其原因是为 了避免重复并且反映商务文件的严谨性。古体 词语主要是由here, there和where加上after, by, from, in, on, to, under, upon, with 等词构成。
Warm-up Practice
Put the following sentences from international business contracts into Chinese. 1. If either of the Parties fails to fulfill its obligations under this Contract, it shall
现场验收是指买方按照验收手册对买方设施上
安装的设备所作的最后验收。
(2)The term “Effective date” means the date on which this Agreement is duly
executed by the parties hereto.
“生效日”指订约双方签署本协议之日。
胡庚申等，2019)。例如：
Linguistic Features of Business Contracts
(1) Site Acceptance shall mean the final acceptance of the Equipment carried
out by the Purchaser at Purchaser’s Facility in accordance with the Acceptance Test Manual.
（1）The Buyer hereby orders from the Seller the following goods subject