被动语态学习目标:掌握被动语态结构以及时态变换预习导学：举例把字句和被字句知识梳理一．被动语态的句法功能1. 当不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
e.g.: Japanese is taught in that school. (类似warming up中的“饭吃过了”，英汉说话习惯的相似性)2. 当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。
e.g.: Her book will be brought tomorrow morning.看图学知识，来发挥你的潜力吧，找到主动变被动语态的小技巧！！He can carry the basket.The basket can be carried by him.They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.总结：上面例句的小规律：△主动语态变为被动语态的方法：主动语态：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语（执行者）（承受者）被动语态：主语+ be + 过去分词（+ by + 执行者）（承受者）一般省略【例题精讲】例1.Children (not allow) to play frightening games.例2.The Great Wall (know) by people all over the world.例3.All the buildings (turn) into hospitals recently.例4.How long can these magazines (keep)?Keys:1.aren’t allowed 2.is known 3.have been turned 4.be kept【课堂练习】提高题：1. The vegetables (plant) in the fields next week.2. The soldier was very ill when he (operate) on by Dr. Bethune.3. The password of your email box should (memorize). .4. Liquids can (turn) into gases if their temperatures (make) hot enough.5. The next morning they (find) that some trees (blow) down during the night.Keys:1.will be plated 2.was operated 3.be memorized 4.turn,are made 5.will find ,will be blown二、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构如下表（以动词do为例）时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does am/is/are +done一般过去时did was/were +done现在进行时am/is/are +doing am/is/are +being done现在完成时have/has +done have/has +been done一般将来时will/shall/be going to +do will/shall/be going to +be done过去进行时Was/were +doing was/were+ being done过去完成时had + done had + been done过去将来时would/should/be going to+ do would/should/be going to +be done含有情态动词can/may/must +do can/may/must+be done三、被动语态的易错点1. 主动语态变为被动语态①要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。
②把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。
③谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
We asked him to sing an English song.He was asked to sing an English song by us.主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者批注：主动，主动，主去动；被动，被动，主被动。
2．带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态①谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语；②若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；③若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to 或for；She gave me a book. (变为被动语态)I was given a book by her.（间接宾语me改为了主语）A book was given to me by her.（直接宾语 a book改为了主语）备注：此语法点应多呈现后接双宾语的动词详细讲解并加强练习。
如：tell,lend ,pass,give,buy ,bring , take ,send ,show 等3. 动词短语变为被动语态许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。
We should speak to old men politely.Old men should be spoken to politely.4.to的“前世今生”在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song .（主动语态）She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：一感二听三使四看，主动语态to省略，被动语态to还原。
see sb do sth（主动语态）sb be seen to do（被动语态）一感二听三使（使役动词）四看feel hear、listen to make、let、have （马兰花）see、watch、notice、observe5.初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况A.系动词无被动The dish tastes delicious. The apple smells sweet.B.某些说明名词本身性质的动词。
如wash, write, sell ,readThe play reads better than it acts.This kind of cloth washes well.(耐洗)The pen writes smoothly写起来流利。
The book is so interesting that it sells well.作及物动词为“卖、出售”）此处为不及物动词“销售起来…..” “sell”C.Need+V-ing “需要被….”My car needs repairing. 我的车需要修理D. Too…to句型The box is too heavy to life.E.不及物动词appear, disappear, fail, happen, last, remain, spread, break out, come true, take place,belong to,rise等比较rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.(对) The price has risen.(错) The accident was happened last week.(对) The accident happened last week.(错) The price has raised.(对) The price has been raised.6.系表结构PK被动语态有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。
”eg:（1）The door is closed. 门是关着的。
（系表结构）The door is closed by Fengping. 这个门是冯平来关的。
（被动语态）（2）The glass is broken. 这个玻璃杯是坏的。
（系表结构）The glass is broken by Mary. 这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。
（被动语态）【例题精讲】例1. Many accidents_________ by careless drivers last year.A. are causedB. were causedC. have causedD. will cause例2.Driving after drinking wine_________ in China.A. allowsB. doesn't allowC. is allowedD. isn't allowed例3.Many trees and flowers_________ in our city every year.A. plantedB. are plantedC. were plantedD. plantsKeys:BDB【课堂练习】课堂练习：根据要求改写句子1. The headmaster praised Ben for his honesty.(改为被动语态）Ben __________________ for his honesty _________ the headmaster.2. Mother will buy Jack a new shirt.(改为被动语态）A new shirt Jack by Mother.3.You had better take the wounded soldiers to hospital at once.(改为被动语态）The wounded soldiers had better to hospital at once.4. The adults tell the children not to swim in that deep river.(改为被动语态）The children not to swim in that deep river.5. Can some aged Chinese understand Russian?(改为被动语态）Can by some aged Chinese?6. The boss made the employees work ten hours a day.(改为被动语态）The employees were made ten hours a day.7. The Spring Festival is welcomed by the Chinese all over the world.(改为主动语态)The Chinese all over the world the Spring Festival.8. The price of meat has risen from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently.(保持原句意思)The price of meat from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently.9. The firemen are using long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings.(改为被动语态)Long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings by the firemen.10. Who looks after the children in the kindergarten?(改为被动语态）By the children after in the kindergarten?.Keys:1.was praised,by 2.will be bought 3.be taken 4.are told 5.Russian be understood6.to work7.welcome8.has been raised9.are being used 10. whom are looked单项选择( ) 1. Nothing can the girl from there.A. be stopped; goingB. prevent; goingC. stop; to goD. prevent; to go( ) 2. Although you have lots of difficulties, you must _______your work.A. carry out withB. carry away onC. carry on withD. carry over( ) 3. --It’s kind him to help me solve the problem.--Yes, he is always kind everybody.A. of; ofB. of; toC. to: ofD. to; to( ) 4. Students not to use mobile phones in our school now.A. askB. askedC. are askedD. were asked( ) 5. World Earth Day in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.A. sets upB. set upC. is set upD. was set up( ) 6. The terrorists(恐怖分子)in Xinjiang last month.A. are caughtB. was caughtC. were caughtD. is caught( ) 7. --You look really tired. ?--I didn't sleep well last night. I had a headache.A. How about youB. What should I doC. What's the matterD. How are you feeling now( ) 8. The doctor has operated the weak soldier carefully for about 10 hours.A. toB. forC. withD. on( ) 9. Last March, many trees along the streets to make our city more beautiful.A. were plantedB. were plantingC. had plantedD. planted( ) 10. The basketball match was really fantastic, when Jeremy Lin scored in the last second.A. probablyB. especiallyC. exactlyD. mostly( ) 11.Smartphones can be used to for information. But I am not used to information on such a small screen.A. search; readingB. searching; readingC. search; readD. searching; read( ) 12. Tom by his classmates because he made a careless mistake.A. laughed atB. was laughed atC. laughedD. was laughed( ) 13. --She’s told to write the report instead of you,?--Yes. She has to hand it in tomorrow.A. isn’t sheB. doesn’t sheC. hasn’t sheD. is she( ) 14. The World Cup every four years. Football fans are all looking forward to it this summer.A. takes placeB. is taken placeC. has taken placeD. is taking place( ) 15. -- the charity show organized?--We organize it once a year.A. When isB. How often doesC. When willD. How often isKeys: 1-5 BCBCD 6-10 CCDAB 11-15 ABAAD反思总结还记得哪些词不能用被动语态吗？。