主 +谓 +状
1) Both men speak loudly and clearly. 2) An introduction usually includes a greeting and a handshake. 3) My e-mail address is lin@.
主+谓+宾
② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is \ are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例 如： e.g.There is a computer in my office. → Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office. There are four children in the classroom. →Where are the four children?— They’ re in the classroom.
5、There be 中的be 有时可lie,stand,used to be,seem to be,appear to be 等，如： e.g. There lies a river to the south. There lived an old man in the small house. There stood a temple near the river. There used to be a castle at the foot of the hill.
There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： ① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。注意：无论原句的主语是单 数还是复数，对其提问时一： e.g. There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?
如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示： e.g. There is some money in my purse. →How much money is there in your purse?
2、否定形式则直接在be或助动词、情 态动词后加not.另一种是在主语前加上 不定代词no.
4）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。 也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要 加介词for或to。 e.g. My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought computer for Our teacher explainsasome words tome. me. teacher explains e.g.=I Our passed him the salt. to me some words. = I passed the salt to him. 5） 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 e.g. We must keep our school clean.
5. The fact that the earth is round is true.
主
（+同位语从句）
+谓+表
三、there be 句型
there be 是英语中常用句型， 意 思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存 在”。要表达“某个地方或某个时 间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用 “There be + 名词+ 地点（时间）” 这一句型。
e.g. There are some dogs.
1、疑问句形式 一般疑问句是将be或will/have/can/must 等助动词、情态动词提至there之前。 回答时用yes或no，后接简单答语。
e.g. Is there a cake on the table? Yes,there is. / No,there isn’t.
6、状语 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说 明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、 方向、程度、目的等。 1). How about meeting again at six?（时间状 语）
2). Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. （原因状语）
3). I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. （条件状语）
7、补语（形容词，副词，名词，不定式， ing形式，数词） 用来补充说明宾语所处的状态或正在 进行的动作，即宾语补语。 e.g. We will make our country more beautiful.
二、句子结构 可分为三种： 1、简单句 2、并列句 3、复合句
1、简单句：只有一个主语和一个谓 语。简单句的五种基本句型： 1）主语+谓语（+状语） e.g. The children are singing（in the classroom）. 2）主语+谓语+宾语 e.g. He is doing his homework.
1) The manager for them prepares some beautiful gifts. The manager prepares some beautiful gifts for them. 2) Could you tell to me something about their cultural background? Could you tell me something about their cultural background?
复合句
＊从句类型的判定：
看从句在整个句子中处在什么位置上、作什 么句子成分。

通常位于句子开头的从句是主语从句；动词 后面的从句是宾语从句；系动词后面的从句是 表语从句；名词后面的从句只能是同位语从句 或定语从句；其它情况则都是状语从句。
1. What he has just said
主（主语从句） 2. The news 主 is +
3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 e. g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数， 都用“How many +可数名词复数+ are there + 介 词短语？”表示： e.g. There are twelve months in a year. →How many months are there in a year?
6、There be + 主语 + doing +介词短 语. 例如： e.g. There is a truck collecting rubish outside. There is a wallet lying on the ground.
7、There is(was)+no +动词ing结构相当于It is(was) impossible to +动词原形，如： e.g.There is no going home. =It is impossible to go home. There is no living with him. =It is impossible to live with him. There is no knowing what may happen. =It is impossible to know what may happen
3）主语+系动词+表语 常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。 e.g. He became a famous doctor. e.g. The applepie tastes really delicious.
seems
true.
系动词 + 表
that he won the game. + 表（表语从句）
+ 系动词
3. Nobody knows where he lives. 主 +谓 + 宾语(宾语从句）
4. He explained to us that knowledge is power. 主 + 谓 +宾(介宾) +直宾(宾语从句)
主 +系 +表 主+谓+直宾 +间宾
4) They will just wave goodbye to the whole group.
主+谓+宾+状 5) Our department head will give a dinner to welcome you. 主+谓+宾+宾 6) You could simply call me Wang. 补 There be句式 7) In her bag there is a passport and a pen.
Grammar
状语 定语 补语
主主 系谓 表宾
+ + + +
一、句子成分 1、主语（名词，代词，数词，不定式） 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物 e.g. He likes watch TV.