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中考英语专题复习介词和连词考点归纳教案

介词和连词考点归纳教学过程一、课堂导入教师课前给学生几组词语,让学生对所给词语进行连词成句,以此来导入今天学习的介词和连词的考点。

以此形式来激活学生的思维,使他们尽快进入学习状态,很自然的在听取学生讨论结果中我们进入了本课内容。

如此学生画龙,教师点睛,共同协作,便顺利达到了教学目的。

二、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学知识点,(以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑。

结合上节课老师布置的预习内容,明确课前预习的任务和目标,在预习的过程中:一是摘抄新旧短语和表达法。

旧的短语和表达法一段时间不用,很快就会生疏,每一次复现都是一次有效的复习;二是摘抄典型句型,这样可以不断丰富我们的语言材料和语言知识;三要注意把预习过程中遇到的难点记录下来,以便听课的时候有针对性;四是预习笔记可以同课堂笔记合一,使课堂笔记成为预习笔记的补充和延伸。

三、知识讲解知识点1:介词的分类与语法功能1.【考查点】:介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一个成分。

介词分为:简单介词,如at、in、f or等;合成介词,如within、inside、onto、througout等;短语介词,如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。

双重介词,如from behind / above / under、until after等。

分词介词,如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。

常见的介词宾语:名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式等。

如:①It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.②He quarrelled with her yesterday.③He succeeded in passing the final exam.④I’m still thinking of how I can fulfil the task ahead of time.⑤The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.2【考查点】:介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。

如:①This machine is in good condition.(表语)②Where is the key to my bike?(定语)③Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(状语)④She always thinks herself above others.(宾补)知识点2:介词搭配1.【考查点】“动词+介词”搭配:注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。

①rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow(“夺去、除去”意义的动词与of 连用)②supply us with food / fill the glass with wine(“供给”意义的动词与with连用)③make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat(“制作、制造”意义与of、from、into连用)④介词 + the + 部位与动词的关系(=动词+ sb.’s + 部位,可换用)strike him on the head(“击,拍,碰,摸”意义与on连用)catch him by the arm(“抓,拉,拿,扯”意义与by连用)hit the boy in the face(“肚,胸,眼,脸”等人体前部与in连用)⑤prevent(stop, keep)sb. from doing sth.(“阻止,禁止”意义与from连用)⑥persuade(advise, warn)sb. into doing sth.(“说服,建议”意义与into连用)⑦buy sb. for sth.(leave、get、win、gain、lose等“得失”意义与for连用)⑧tell sth.to sb.(show、teach、sing、write、read等“告知”意义与to连用)⑨give sth. to sb.(give、allow、promise、pass、hand等“授予”意义与to连用)注意:⑦⑧⑨可换成buy sb.sth.双宾结构。

⑩say to sb.(suggest、explain、apologize、murmur、whisper与“对象”连用必须用to)不可说suggest sb.sth.。

同一动词与不同介词搭配意义不同。

for(寻找) to sth. of(听说) on(拜访)look to (眺望) agree with sb. hear call for(需要)at(看) on sth. from(收到信) in(请)同一介词与不同动词搭配,意义各异。

reply to the letter回信, sing(dance)to the music和……唱(跳), amount to 达到,加起来有……,devote to把……贡献给,drink to为……干杯,object to反对,look forward to 渴望,come to苏醒,belong to属于,search for搜……,ask … for … 寻找,use … for用作,leave for前往,take … for误以为,call of倡导,wait for等待,care for喜欢,make up for弥补损失,turn to求助(救)于,help oneself to随意,agree to同意,compare … to把……比作,send for派人去请(拿)……,sail for驶向,航向,set out for动身去,go in for爱好……。

2.【考查点】常见“形容词 + 介词”搭配。

of担心…… about / at sth.afraid angryfor 替……而担心 with sb.for sth.渴望…… from与……不同amxious differentabout sth. / sb担心…… to … 不关心……of讨厌 with sb.tired strictfrom/ with因……疲倦 in sth.要求严格at擅长 with sb.受……欢迎good for对……有益 popular in some place流行在……of sb. to do so友好for … 因……而流行with + 名词或what从句pleasedat + 抽象名词(听 / 看到……而高兴)to sb.为人所知 be familiar with熟悉 from缺席known for因……而出名 absentas作为……出名 be familiar to为……熟知(悉) in离开此地去了……rich in富有……,disappointed at sth.失望,sorry for … 替……后悔,worthy of值得的,glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴,far from离……远,grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人,free from没有……(免除……),proud of(take pride in)自豪,satisfied with (by)满意,sure of / about确信,fond of喜欢,fit for适合,busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事,full of充满,ready for准备,similar to相似,wrong with不对;有毛病……3.【考查点】“名词 + 介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。

the absence of water缺水the hope of success成功的希望have a chance of (for) entering college上大学的机会为他们感到骄傲the key to the question问题的答案a medicine for cough治咳嗽的药the ticket for tomorrow明天的票In Beijing去了北京his abesencefrom Beijing不在北京知识点3:核心介词用法归纳与辨析1【考查点】表示时间的介词in的用法如下。

表示在某一较长时间内,如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in,如:in the 1990s, in the year, in January, in(the) winter / summer / fall / spring, in the first week of May。

还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。

如:in a while, in no time, in the daytime, in a short while, in time, in the morning (afternoon, evening)。

但要注意:①at night / at noon, in the day(在白天),in the night(大夜间)。

②in five days(weeks, months, years)中in意思是“在……以后”。

③in和during表一段时间内两词可互用。

如:in the night, during the night, in the war, during the war。

但略有区别:当接表示“活动”的抽象名词时多用during,接“活动”的动名词及短语时用in。

如:during the discussion in discussing the problemduring her stay in Hubei in playing basketballduring the course of in digging the tunnel2.【考查点】在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕,常用on。

on Sunday(s).on Tuesday morningon Christmas Day(但at Chrismas),on Christmas Eve, on Children’s Dayon March 8, on the morning (afternoon, evening)of Oct.1early on the morning of Oct.1(区别:in the late / early morning of Oct.1) on a rainy night, on warm winter days3.【考查点】表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。

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