单词、1．abandon v．&n.归纳拓展(1)用作动词意为“放弃”时，后常接表示事物的名词或动名词。
常用短语为abandon doing sth.放弃做某事。
abandon a game中止比赛abandon principles放弃原则abandon hope (of doing sth.)放弃(做……的)希望(2)用作动词意为“抛弃，遗弃”时，后常接表示人或事物、场所、地点的名词。
abandon sth. for sth.放弃……而选择……(3)用作动词意为“放任”时，后常接反身代词，常用短语abandon oneself to沉溺于。
(4)用作名词时，意为“放纵”。
常用短语with abandon 放任/纵地，纵情。
(5)abandoned adj.意为“被抛弃的，放任的；无耻的”。
例句：He abandoned himself to despair.他陷入绝望之中。
The game had to be abandoned due to bad weather.由于天气不好，比赛不得不中止。
Marie has abandoned the hope of seeing her lost child again.玛丽亚已经放弃了再次见到失踪孩子的希望。
He signed cheques with careless abandon.他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
同类辨析abandon，desert，give up与leave(1)abandon指完全、最终和永久的放弃。
(2)desert指故意逃避应有的责任和义务，违背誓言，含有非难和指责之意。
(3)give up常用于口语中，与abandon同义。
(4)leave强调离开(某地)或留下、遗忘(某物)。
【链接训练】①The soldiers felt a bit disappointed to find nothing except a car__________at the roadside after the earthquake.A．being abandoned B．abandoned C．abandoning D．having been abandoned 【解析】考查过去分词短语作定语的用法。
a car abandoned at the roadside“废弃在马路边的汽车”。
【答案】 B②The plan was ________ when it was discovered how much the scheme would cost.A．released B．desertedC．resigned D．abandoned【解析】考查动词辨析。
release“免除，解除”；desert “遗弃”；resign“辞职”；abandon“中止，放弃”。
根据句意：当发现耗资很大时，这个计划就被中止了。
故选D。
2．occupy vt.占用，占领；占据归纳拓展(1)be occupied in doing忙于做……be occupied with (doing) sth.从事/忙于(做)某事be occupied(房间、座位、床位等)被占有(用)occupy oneself in doing sth.忙于，专心于occupy one’s mind/thoughts/attention占据某人的头脑/思维/注意力(2)occupation n．占领，职业例句：The allied forces occupied that country for several years after World War Ⅱ.第二次世界大战后，盟军占领了那个国家好几年。
He occupied himself in writing a book.＝He was occupied with a book.他忙于写书。
The occupation of the third suspect is not known.第三名嫌疑犯的职业不详。
【链接训练】Jay Chou's concert is so popular with young people thatall the seats are________.A．abandoned B．emptiedC．covered D．occupied【解析】句意为：周杰伦的演唱会如此受年轻人的欢迎，以至于所有的座位都坐满了。
occupy“占用，占据”，符合题意。
【答案】 D3．wound v．(尤指用刀、枪等)伤害；使烦恼；(wind 的过去式、过去分词)n．伤口，创伤(一般指刀伤，枪伤等)归纳拓展wounded adj.负伤的，受(刀、枪等)伤害的the wounded(尤指战争中)受伤者，伤员flesh wound轻伤，皮肉之伤open old wounds揭旧伤疤例句：Ten soldiers were killed and thirty seriously wounded.有10名士兵阵亡，30名受重伤。
The blood from his wound has soaked right through the bandage.从伤口流出来的血浸透了绷带。
The wounded were carried to hospital immediately.伤员立刻被送往医院。
【链接训练】A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in ________ leg.A．a B．one C．the D．his【解析】本题考查定冠词在短语中的应用。
在结构“wound/hit/beat/strike sb.＋in/on/by＋the＋身体部位”中，身体部位名词前必须有定冠词。
【答案】 C 4．condemn v．谴责，责备，责难；判罪，定罪；注定归纳拓展condemn sb./sth.for doing sth.因……而责备……sentence/condemn sb.to death判处某人死刑condemn sb.to do sth.使某人注定做某事condemn sb.to sth.使某人陷入困境，判处某人……condemn sb./sth.as某事物/某人被指责为例句：She knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children.她知道社会将会谴责她遗弃孩子。
He was found guilty and condemned to death.他被判处有罪，处以死刑。
As an old person，one is often condemned to live alone. 老人常出于无奈而独自生活。
【链接训练】Any nation that interferes in the internal affairs of another nation should be universally ________.A．blamed B．scoldedC．condemned D．criticized【解析】句意为：任何干涉他国内政的国家都应受到全世界的谴责。
condemn常用于较正式、严肃的场合，意味着从道义或原则上的“谴责”。
而blame“埋怨，责怪”；scold“责骂，训斥”；criticize“批评”，均不合题意。
【答案】 C5．drop v．掉落，使落下；下降，减少；去某处n．(液体的)珠，滴归纳拓展drop sb.a line给某人写封短信drop behind落后drop out退出不再参加；中途退学drop in on sb.顺便走访某人at some place顺便拜访某地to do sth.顺便干某事例句：A bottle rolled across the table，dropped onto the floor and smashed.一个瓶子从桌子上滚落到地板上，摔得粉碎。
The number of people out of work has dropped to 2 million.失业人数已经下降到200万。
The manager dropped in unannounced at the office several times a week.经理每星期都不经事先通知到办公室来好几次。
【链接训练】Mrs Jones asked the driver to ______ his son at the library on his way downtown.A．drop in B．drop out C．drop off D．drop by【解析】drop sb. off“让某人下车”，符合题意。
【答案】 C短语1．to one’s astonishment令某人惊讶的是归纳拓展(1)in astonishment吃惊地astonish v．使吃惊astonishing adj.让人惊讶的astonished adj.对……惊讶的(2)to one’ssurprise令某人吃惊的是指意外的事，不一定是不好的annoyance令某人气恼的是delight/joy令某人高兴的是shock令某人震惊的是指消息或情况sorrow令某人悲伤的是(3)当表示“使某人感到非常……的是”用to one’s great ＋n.或much to one’ｓ＋n.，much to the＋n.＋of...表示。
例句：To his astonishment，the keys were in the door.让他吃惊的是，钥匙就在门上。
She stared at the result of the experiment in astonishment.她吃惊地看着实验结果。
To my surprise，he didn’t know he had lost his wal let.令我惊讶的是他连丢了钱包都不知道。
【链接训练】To our_____，the boss wasn't_____at the____news at all. A．astonishment；astonish；astonished B．astonishment；astonished；astonishingC．astonish；astonished；astonishing D．Astonishment；astonishing；astonished【解析】to our astonishment“令我们惊奇的是”，为固定搭配。
以ing结尾的形容词多用来修饰事物，说明其性质、特点等；以ed结尾的形容词多用来修饰人，说明其情感、表情等。