over
2. across\ over\ through\ past
横穿， 穿越， 表示运 动发生 在物体 的表面
跨过 越过，穿过， 表示运动 通过表 发生在物 示运动 体的上方 发生在 某—经过，表 示运动发生在 某物的旁边
二、
常见介词的基本用法
今天我们学习的介词有about，after，across 等20个介词。
1、 about 关于 Do you know something about Tom？ What about this coat？（……怎么样） 2、 after 在……之后 I’m going to see you after supper. Tom looked after his sick mother yesterday.（照看）
--vivi
一、
介词的概念和分类
介词（preposition） 又称前置词，是一种虚词。介词不能单独做句子成分。介词后须接 宾语，介词与其宾语构成介词短语。
介词从其构成来看可以分为： 1、简单介词（Simple prepositions）如：at ,by, for, in, from, since, through等； 2、复合介词（Compound prepositions）如：onto, out of, without, towards等； 3、短语介词（phrasal prepositions）如；because of, instead of, on account of, in spite of, in front of等； 4、二重介词（double prepositions）如：from behind, from under, till after等； 5、分词介词（participial prepositions），又可称动词介词（verbal prepositions）如：during, concerning, excepting, considering, past等。
9、during 在……期间 Where are you going during the holiday.
10、except 除了 Everyone except you answered the question correctly. 11、for 为了 The students are studying hard for the people. 12、from 从 I come from Shanghai.
12、of /in This is the most interesting of all the stories.（从个体的集体着眼） China has the largest population in the world.（从总体概括着眼） 13、of /about /on表示“谈及，论述” Do you know of American singer John Denver?（涉及浅层关系） I have never heard about him.（表示谈论等深一步的关系） This book is on grammar.（以……为主要内容） 14、through /past/across The new railway runs through the small town.（穿过） He walked slowly past the tall building.（从旁边经过） Mary walked across the park to do some shopping.（强调从一边到另一边） 15、by/ with通过……手段 We write with a pen.（表示较具体的事物） There’s nothing to gain by waiting.（表示抽象） 16、despite = in spite of（介词） / although（连词） despite 是介词，后面接名词或动名词，不能跟句子 although是连词，后面要跟句子。 Although I was ill yesterday, I still went to school. Despite failure in the exam, I still have a chance to win in the term. 17、as /like as 1）用作介词时意思为“作为……，充当”如： She acted as an interpreter. 2）用作连词时 意思为“像……一样；当，由于” As it was cold, I didn’t go outside. like 用作介词，意思为像……一样 John sings like a nightingale. 18、by day（指白天）/ by the day（按日计算） I worked here by day and I am paid by the day.
3、 across 横过 Can you swim across the river.
4、 against 反对 Are you for or against me? Nothing could make me turn against my country.（背叛） 5、 along 沿着 We walked along the river bank.
常见介词重难点 一.方位介词
above on beneath
over
1. above\over\on\below\under\beneath over Be careful, there is a heavy box______ your head. above The sun is _____ the mountain in the east.
There are some stamps_______the desk. on
The position he pointed to was _______ above\below the sea level.
under below
The little mouse is _____ the table, so it is not easy to find under it.
13、in 在……里 on 在……上面 under在……下面 There are two balls in/on/under the desk. 14、near 在……附近 We live near the park. 15、of ……的 Do you know the name of the winner. 16、over 在……正上方 There is a bridge over the river. Tom goes over his English every day.（复习） 17、round/around 围绕 The students stand around the teacher. 18、to 朝……方向 Can you tell me the way to the cinema. 19、towards朝着 The car is traveling towards Beijing. 20、with 和……一起 Would you like to go to the cinema with me?
学习这些介词时可以先记住它的汉语意思，然后 参照例句来加深理解，并在今后的学习中加以灵 活运用。
三、
常用易混淆介词辨析
1、 after/ in 皆可表示时间在……之后，其区别为： after 1）表示“在某点时间之后”，用于将来时。如： We’ll go out for a walk after supper. 2）表示“一段时间之后”，用于过去时。如： My mother came home after half an hour. in表示“一段时间之后”，用于将来时。如： We’ll go to school in two weeks. 2、at/in/on at seven o’clock（具体某一时刻用at） in April /in April,2002（具体某一月份或年份用in） on April 5,2002/on the morning of Monday（具体某一天用on） 3、in /by /with He writes in black ink.（用……材料） The guard cut one boot open with a knife.（用……工具） She always goes to school by bike.（用……手段） 4、between /among Can you say the differences between the two words?（两者之间） Premier Chou En-lai lives among the people for ever.（三者或三者 以上） 5、besides /except We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.（除……之外，还有） 全部计算在内 We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.（除……之外）不计算 在内
6、on /over/ above There is a boat on the desk（在某物面上，与此物接触。） There is a bridge over the river.（在某物正上方，与此物不接触，或横在某 物上，或覆盖在某物上。） She spread a cloth over the table. He held his heads above his head. （“在……上”，强调“高于。”） 7、on/ in / to Mongolia is on the north of china.（与中国接壤，不属于中国） Japan is to the east of china.（不属于中国，且不接壤） Taiwan is in the east of China.（台湾属于中国） 8、since /for since 表示从过去某一时间以来 for 表示一段时间 I have been living here since 1982.（自1982年以来，我一直住在这里） I have been living here for 20 years.（我已经在这里住了20年了） 9、of /from The desk is made of wood（看得出材料） Paper is made from wood.（看不出材料） The bread is made up of flour, sugar and milk.（由数种成分组成） 10、by /on He used to go to school by bike.（抽象概括） He came to school on this bike yesterday.（具体到哪一辆车） 11、of /for It’s kind of you to come to see me.（既说明不定式本身特点，又说明逻辑 主语的品性） It’s important for you students to learn English well.（只说明不定式本身的 特征）