We think it our duty that we should help others. 我发现他两天之内完成工作是不可能的.
I find it impossible that he can finish the work in two days.
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Exercises: “it”作形式主语或形式宾语：
A. What is required
B .What requires
C It is required
D. It requires
2. The Foreign Minister said, “_______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2006 北京)
1.I hate __A__ when people talk with their mouths full． A. it B. that C. these D. them
2. I feel __B__ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how
3. It worried her a bit __B__ her hair was turning grey. A．while B. that C．if D．for
4 Will you see to __C__ that the luggage is brought back?
A. we
B. yourself
It appears that…
似乎…
It happens that ….
碰巧…
It202o0/9c/15curred to me that…… 我突然想起……
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、 不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时， 谓语动词要用 虚拟语气 “(should) +do”，常用的句型有：
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当 句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则 不然。例如：
1)W__h_at___you said yesterday t what you said yesterday.
2) T_h_a_t___she is still alive is a good thing.
主语从句
2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 宾语从句
3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 表语从句
4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 同位语从句
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
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2. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
名词性从句
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名词性从句 noun clause
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主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
辨别下列名词性从句的类别：
1.How the book will sell depends on its author.
A. This
B. There is
C .That is D. It is
3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_______ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(2004 上海)
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1.It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is necessary / important/ obvious that…
2.It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that…
人们相信…
It is known to us all that …. 众所周知…
5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.
宾语从句 6.It is impossible that I go and attend the
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主语从句
That/wh-clause + v +…主语从句 S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表语从句 S + vt + that/wh-clause宾语从句 S + vi + prep + wh-clause宾语从句
时态呼应
He told me that he __h_a_d_f_i_n_is_h_e_d_ his job. (已经完成了工作)
否定转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含 有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令 员命令部队马上出发。
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2. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句， 其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒， 仍保持陈述句语序。此外， whether与if 在作“是否”的意思 讲时在下列情况下一般只能用 whether，不用if：
A .where B .what
C .that
D. how
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宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的 名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1.She did not know what had happened.
(作动词的宾语)
2. Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. (作介词的宾语)
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
I wonder whether he will come or not. Can you tell me whether to go or to
stay?
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3.
宾语从句中的“时态呼应”与“否定转移”
a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作 介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not” 时；e. 后接动词不定式时。
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Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?
C. it
D. them
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三．表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动 词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可 以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另 外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。 例如： 1) The question is _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_/_how we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2) This is _w__h_ywe can’t get the support of the people. 3) But the fact remains _th_a_twe are behind the other classes. 4) The reason _w__h_y__ he is late for school is _th_a_t_ he missed the early bus.
It has been decided that…… 已经决定……
3.It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is a surprise that ….
令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that……
事实是……
4.It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
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名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和 同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分， 本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略 2。不充当介宾 3。 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。 4. that whether, if, as if ,as though（以上在从句中均不充当任何 成分