英语常用短语的用法与练习（1）1. above all首先；尤其；最重要的是；例句：①We have all but finished the work.②The day turned out fine after all.③Children need many things ，but above all they need love.④He wasn't at all tired.⑤Do you feel ill at all（真的，确实）？⑥There were twenty in all at the party.⑦Never waste anything, and above all, never waste time.不要浪费东西,尤其是不要浪费时间。

短语：above all是从事物的重要性上说的“首先，最重要的是”。

first of all 是从事物的排列顺序上说的“第一”。

in all表示“总共；总而言之”。

after all表示“毕竟”。

all in all 从各方面考虑；总的来说；not at all 不用谢；all long 一直，始终；all but 几乎，差点没（=almost，nearly）配套练习：单项填空①—Would you like to see a film with me?—I’d love to, but I cannot; ____ , I am busy. For another, I don’t want to go out today.A. for one thingB. for exampleC. for another thingD. above all②I'd like to buy a house -- modern, comfortable, and ____ in a quiet neighborhood.A. in allB. above allC. after allD. at all③In order to continue to learn by ourselves when we have left school, we must ____ learn how to study in the school now.A. in allB. after allC. above allD. at all④I’d like buy a house --- modern, comfortable, and _____ in a quiet neighborhood.A. in allB. above allC. after allD. at all2. by accident = by chance偶然；无意中;不小心；用法：by accident，其意为“偶然地”“无意地”，主要用作状语，有时也用作表语。

例句：①Last time I ran across her in the street by accident.上次我偶然在街上碰见她了。

②I only found it by accident.我只是碰巧找到的。

③None of my inventions camebyaccident.我所有的发明都不是偶然的。

by短语：by contrast 对比之下；by mistake 错误地；by hand 用手;用体力；by machine 用机器；配套练习：(1).用“by+n.”构成的短语填空：①I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’s umbrella ______ .②These toys are made ______ instead of _______ , so they are very expensive.③She had found the file ________ .(2).单项填空①Last Sunday I met my first teacher by _____ in a minibus, which is beyond my expectation.A. chanceB. farC. effectD. way②An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern islanddiscovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.A. at randomB. by chanceC. in turnD. on occasion③If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a _____ .A. messageB. letterC. sentenceD. notice④Sorry, I took your pen _____.A. by heartB. by mistakeC. on purposeD. by the way3. accuse ...of...因……控告/指责……；用法：accuse的宾语后接of，介词的宾语表示指责或指控的具体内容。

如：accuse sb of carelessness指责某人粗枝大叶；后接复合宾语，宾补由介词as引出。

如：They accused his brother as Smith’s accomplice(帮凶);常用于被动结构中。

如：Of what was the man accused?例句：①I don’t think anyone can accuse him of not being frank.我看谁也不能说他不坦率。

②You can’t accuse Stephen of robbing the bank. He was round at my house all evening.你不能控告斯蒂芬打劫银行，他整晚都在我家。

辨析：accuse/chargeaccuse, charge这两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。

accuse v.指控，控诉，常与介词of连用。

charge v.可以指因为小错而受的责备，也可指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。

配套练习：单项填空①Tom ___ his boss of having broken his word.A. blamedB. accusedC. chargedD. scolded②The policeman stopped him when he was driving and ___ him of speeding.A. chargedB. accusedC. blamedD. scolded③The soldier was ___ of running away when the enemy attacked.A. scoldedB. chargedC. accusedD. punished④It wasn’t my fault. Don’t worry! I wasn’t ___ you.A. conveyingB. referringC. hearingD. accusing⑤The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and ____ him of speeding.A. warnB. accusedC. chargedD. deprived4. be addicted to对……上瘾；入迷；沉溺于(其中to为介词)；addict vt.使……成瘾；addict n. [C] 入迷的人；有瘾的人；addictive adj.使成瘾的；上瘾的；addiction n.沉溺；成瘾；上瘾；入迷；例句：①Schoolboys are easier to be addicted than schoolgirls to net.男生比女生更容易上网成瘾。

②He was addicted to cocaine.他吸可卡因上瘾。

③He was addicted to gambling.他赌博成瘾。

addict短语：be addicted to sth./doing sth.=addict oneself to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动配套练习：单项填空①Her husband is so ___ to smoking that he can’t give it up.A. addictingB. addictiveC. addictedD. addiction②The parents felt helpless when they found their son had ___ love stories for long.A. addictB. addictedC. been addicted toD. addicted himself③She says she’s unable to give up smoking; she’s completely ___.A. addictingB. being addictedC. addictedD. having addicted④I shouted at him, but he couldn’t hear me. He ___.A. was addicted to readB. became addicted to readingC. became addict to readingD. was addicted in reading⑤Although she is only 17 years old, she ____ drugs for two years.A. AddictsB. has addicted toC. has addictedD. has been addicted to5. in addition （常与to连用）此外；用法：in addition是介词短语，作副词用，相当于词组as well，其后不能跟名词或其他任何成分，一般位于两个句子中间或置于句末。

位于两个句子中间时，常用逗号与句子隔开。

in addition to是介词短语，其后接名词或代词等作其宾语，意义大体相当于as well as和besides。

例句：①There are many shops around the railway station. In addition, there are some newlybuilt hotels there.火车站附近有很多商店，此外，那里还有一些新建的旅馆。