摘要以在线教育系统和在线考试系统为主要内容的教学管理系统作为一种新的教学方式已经开始进入各大高校，对教育的发展形成新的推动力。

到目前为止，全国主要高校的校园网络都完成了初步的铺设工作，学生随时可以在校园、教室、寝室等地访问校园网。

相对于传统教学模式的限制，网络教学顺应了个性化教学的发展，不再像传统教学那样受时间与空间的限制，同时，网络教学可以使得教学资源得到更大的共享，极大的降低了教育的成本，体现了教育的大众化、终身化、多样化和国际化的最终目的。

教学管理是学校管理的核心内容，随着高校规模的扩大，学生人数的增多，课程的增设，其复杂性和综合性要求现代化的管理手段，而我国一些高校对教学管理仍然沿用原始的机制，极大的浪费了人力物力，在信息化时代的今天这种传统的管理方法已经被以计算机为基础的信息管理系统所取代。

随着高校规模的扩大，学生人数的增多，课程的增设致使原有的教学管理体制越来越体现出其效率低下、人员疲惫、资源浪费的弊端，为此提出了基于WEB的教学管理系统的设计与实现这一课题，基于WEB的教学管理系统是现代教学管理信息化的重要途径，在线教学与考试能够充分利用现代互联网技术和网络资源，促进高校教学管理的快捷工作运行，实现高校教学资源的最大化利用，是高校教学管理系统应用现代教育技术的具体实现，具有非常重要的实际意义。

本文首先通过需求分析，从高校学生和教师两大重要群体出发，开发设计实现一个基于WEB的教学管理系统，既能够充分利用网络资源，又能够方便教师与学生之间的沟通与交流，有利于提高学生的创新精神和实践能力，通过网络化的教学环节使学生能够从课堂延伸到管理系统上，获取更多的知识信息，补充课堂上未能学习的内容，帮助完成学习任务。

根据需求提炼出的在线考试子系统和在线教育子系统两个重要子系统，能够实现教学与考试的分离，教务、考务工作的自动化管理，充分的利用互联网资源，促进校园网发挥其更大的效力，使得校园网能够更好的为学校教学管理服务。

在线考试子系统能够实现学生考试的客观性以及公证性，通过教师在线出题、客观题计算机阅卷、主观题教师在线阅卷，大大的减轻了教师的工作量。

在线教育子系统主要有教学内容发布功能，公告功能，资源上传下载功能，答疑功能，选课功能。

在线考试与在线教育是传统考试与课堂教学的延伸，它通过利用网络的广阔空间，方便学生随时进行学习、选课、上课以及考试，加上WEB数据库技术的利用，极大的简化了传统教学与考试的过程，改变了高校原有的教学管理模式，极大的促进了高校教学管理的科学化与信息化，将教学管理的系统化与现代科技的网络化进行结合。

再次进行系统的总体设计。

从系统的开发环境、系统总体架构设计、系统功能设计和系统数据库设计四个方面进行详细介绍。

系统分为在线教育系统和在线考试系统两个子系统，包含五大模块：教学信息模块、学生信息模块、教师信息模块、考试信息模块和系统管理模块。

系统采用基于互联网的 B/S模式（Browser/Server，浏览器/服务器），采用 SQL Server数据库，基于 C#语言实现。

然后进行了系统的详细设计及实现，从系统的系统管理、教学信息、教师信息、学生信息、考试信息五大模块出发分别介绍各模块利用UML建模的过程及相关窗体的实现，以及系统如何实现B/S结构。

并提出系统开发过程中的难点，主要包括身份认证及权限控制问题，以及系统 IIS安全方案设计。

最后以黑盒测试和白盒测试为主介绍系统测试的方法，并详细介绍系统的功能测试过程。

经过一系列的功能测试，系统能够较好地考虑用户提出的限制条件与要求，同时用户也能够正常操作运用本系统，系统能够满足用户需求。

作为课题研究，“基于WEB的教学管理系统的设计与实现”项目是一个典型的属B/S结构的软件工程项目。

作者在项目完成的过程中，对软件工程、数据库、计算机网络、数据结构、计算方法、C语言编程技术等学科理论知识有了更深刻的认识，也因此项目载体的理论基础比较扎实。

同时项目研发也是紧密结合教学生产一线需求，产品的实用价值较高。

关键词：教育管理系统，在线教育系统，在线考试系统，AbstractAs a new teaching method, the teaching management system has been utilized bymany high schools and promoted the development of education, with its maincomponents of online teaching and online examining systems. Up to now, the internetinfrastructure has been finished in main high schools around our country, and studentsmay have access to their schools’ websites whenever in campus, classrooms as well asdorms. Compared with the traditional teaching method, online teaching meets therequests of customization, eliminates the limitation of time and space, enables thesharing of education resources and minimizes the education costs to the possibledegree. Therefore, it could help us to realize the aim of being popular, life-long,various as well as international among education sector. As it’s well known to us,teaching management is the core among the school management system, however, ithas become more and more complicated with the increasing number of students andlectures, which results in the necessity of a modern management way to be utilized init in order to avoid wasting human and finance resources under the traditionalmanagement mode which has already been substituted by modern modes. Withenlarging the scales and increasing the students, the shorts of traditional managementmode become apparent, such as the low work efficiency and waste of resources.Therefore, a new teaching management system based on WEB has been put forwardin this article. This management mode is an important way of realizing teachingmanagement modernization, and it can sufficiently make use of the advantage ofinternet technology, improve the higher schools’working efficiency, and help themrealized utilization maximization, bearing a significant meaning in high schoolmanagement.The real demands of a new management mode have analyzed at first, and a newteaching management system based on WEB was developed on these demands fromthe teachers and students With this new system, not only can the users make full useof internet resources, learn more knowledge,and achieve the assignments, but also theteachers and students can communicate with each other more conveniently. Twosub-systems are contained in this new system, named the online examining one andonline teaching one. With these two sub-systems, the examination could beindependent from the class teaching, making full use of the advantages brought byinformation technology. The online examining system can both realize the objectivityand notarization of the exam, and reduce the teachers’burden, with the teachersfinishing all the jobs related to the examination online. The main functions of theonline teaching sub-system contain content distribution, resources uploading anddownloading, answering questions online and selecting lectures online. Onlineteaching and examining is the stretch of traditional mode, and it can make use of thewide space of internet, so that the students can learn, select lectures, have lessons andtake exams conveniently. The use of web data technology has facilitated thetraditional teaching and examining process a lot, changed the management mode,promoted the scientific and information technology in high schools management aswell as combined the systematization of teaching management and networking ofmodern science and technology together.Design the general system for the second time. All the details have beendescribed from four angles, including the designing circumstances, main structure,functions as well as the data base. This system contains the online teaching and theonline examining sub-systems, which include five modules, named the teachinginformation, students’information, teachers’ information, exams’ information andsystem management modules. The B/S mode has been adopted in this system, basedon the SQL data base and C# language.Then the author designed the details of this system from the management,teaching information, teachers’ information, students’ information and examsinformation modules, introduced their utilization separately, the process of buildingthe UML module and the realization of rela ted windows, as well as how to realize theB/S structure. The difficulties during the system development were put forward. Theymainly include identification, authority control and the IIS security program.Finally, the black box and the white box testing methods are proposed to test thissystem, and the test process has also described in details. The test results reveal thatthis system can meet the users’ requests and demands well, and the users can operate this system appropriately.As a research, “Design and Implementation of Teaching Management SystemBased on WEB” is a typical software engineering project of B/S structure. Duringthe developing procedure, the author is more versed of software engineering, database, computer network, data structure, computing method and C languageprogramming. Therefore, the author got a solid theoretical foundation of this research.This project is based on the demands of teaching and learning, contains high value of practice.Key words:education management system, online education system, onlineexamining system, 目录摘要 (I)第一章绪论 (1)1.1课题的研究背景 (1)1.2国内外研究现状 (1)1.3课题研究目的及意义 (2)1.4论文的主要工作及篇章结构 (3)第二章系统需求分析 (5)2.1系统目标和解决的问题 (5)2.1.1系统目标 (5)2.1.2系统性能需求分析 (6)2.1.3系统的开发环境、运行环境 (7)2.1.4系统的工作流程 (8)2.2系统功能性需求 (9)2.3系统用例分析 (10)2.3.1系统角色分析 (11)2.3.2系统用例分析 (11)2.4系统特色与创新 (12)2.5本章小结 (12)第三章系统总体设计 (13)3.1系统开发环境 (13)3.2系统的总体架构设计 (13)3.3系统的功能设计 (14)3.3.1 系统功能概述 (16)3.3.2教学信息模块 (17)3.3.3 学生信息模块 (17)3.3.4 教师信息模块 (17)3.3.5 考试信息模块 (18)3.3.6系统管理模块............................. .. (19)3.4数据库设计 (19)3.4.1数据库设计原则 (19)3.4.2数据库功能设计 (20)3.4.3 数据库相关表的设计 (21)3.5本章小结 (24)第四章系统详细设计及实现 (26)4.1教学信息模块的实现 (26)4.1.1UML 系统建模及用例图描述 (26)4.1.2教学信息模块窗体实现 (27)4.1.3教学信息模块系统操作界面举例 (27)4.2学生信息模块的实现 (28)4.2.1学生信息模块建模 (28)4.2.2学生信息模块窗体实现 (28)4.2.3学生信息模块操作界面举例 (29)4.3教师信息模块的实现 (30)4.3.1教师信息模块建模 (30)4.3.2教师信息模块窗体实现 (30)4.3.3教师信息模块操作界面举例 (31)4.4考试信息模块的实现 (32)4.4.1考试信息模块建模 (32)4.4.2考试信息模块窗体实现 (33)4.4.3 考试信息模块操作界面举例 (34)4.5系统管理模块的实现 (35)4.5.1系统管理模块建模 (35)4.5.2系统管理模块窗体实现 (36)4.5.3 系统管理模块操作界面举例 (37)4.6B/S 结构的实现 (38)4.7系统难点 (39)4.7.1身份认证及权限控制问题 (39)4.7.2IIS 安全方案设计.................... .. (39)4.8本章小结 (40)第五章系统应用与测试 (41)5.1系统测试方法的选择 (41)5.2系统测试结果分析及评价 (41)5.3本章小结 (42)第六章总结与展望 (43)参考文献 (45)作者简介 (47)致谢 (48)第一章绪论1.1 课题的研究背景近年来，随着国内高校的迅速发展，计算机网络的普及为高校的信息化教育提供了很多便利条件，信息化的教学管理是现代教育领域的重点研究内容之一，代表了教育进程的发展，在线教育及在线考试代表了教育系统的主要内容，在教学改革逐渐向深层次发展的形势下，应当抓住时机，积极推进进行教学管理系统的设计与实现[1]。