课程实验报告课程名称:操作系统原理专业班级:ｃs12０９学号:姓名：指导教师：报告日期: 2015年１月5日计算机科学与技术学院目录1 实验一Ｌiｎux线程及信号灯．．.........．..................．...．......．.....．...．．..．......．.．.．..．...．11.1 实验目的与内容．..．．．............．.．..．．．．．......．．．......................．..．．....．..．....．.．.. (1)１.１.1实验目的．..．．........．.．．......．......．....．...．..．．...．．..．．.．.．．..．．．.....．...........． (1)１.1.2 实验内容..．......．....．.....．.．.....．.......．.．.．............．．．...．.．.......．．...．..．......．. (1)1.2 实验过程．.............．....．...．．...．......．....．.．．．...．....．．．．.....．．...．..．..．．......．.....．....．...１1．２.1 预备知识...............．.....．...............．.．.．........．......．．.．．．...........．．..．.......．.．11.２．2实验测试与结果...．.．..．.．..．.．..．....．.．....．.......．..．..．.....．..．．.．......．.......．．.．..2 1．３实验总结............．.......．..．......．.．.．....．..．........．.........．....．．.....．...．．....．.．.．.．..．．．.31.4 源代码...．.........．．...．.....．．...．.......．.．...．.........．.．．.．..．.．.．.．.......．．...............．......．4 2 实验二Lｉnux进程及同步..．...．...．．．.．...．....．.．．.．.....．.．．....．.．....．.........．...．.．....．．..．.．.7 2． 1 实验目的与内容．...．．.......．..．.....．..．....．..．....．．.................．．..．...．．..．...．..．. (7)2.１.1实验目的.....．..........．....．.......．......．..．.．...．．.........．．.．.．............．.．...．......．.72.１.２实验内容．．.....．.........．.......．．．...．.．.．..．．.．..．.．........．........．．．..．..．..．.........． (7)２.2实验过程......．.．.．......．......．．..........．.．．．．..．....．．......．......．..．....．．.．.．....．．.........．.．7２.2．１预备知识.．．.．.．....．.．......．...........．..．.．..．...．...．..．.．..．..．..........．...．..．.．．.．.．．．.．72.2.2 实验测试与结果．．....．..．..........．......．..．．..．．.．．.........．.....．...．..．...．．......．．.．８2． 3 实验总结.．.．..．.．．....．.．.．．．.．．..．.．．....．...．．．...．..．....．.....．...．..．...．．..........．..．....．.．...．92.4 源代码..．...．.......．．...．．．....．.．....．.．．..．.....．..．．.........．.．....．.．...．...．.．......．．........．...．9 ３实验三Linuｘ文件目录操作.．.．.．.....．..．....．．..．.．..．..．....．......．...．．.．．...．.．..．..． (13)3.1实验目的与内容...．....．...．....．.....．．...．．...．...........．....．.....．....．..．．．....．......．.．..133.1.1 实验目的....．........．.．.......．....．...........．....．．......．.......．...．．．.........．.．.．.．．.．．１3３．1． 2 实验内容........．．．.......．...．............．.．．..．.．.．.．．..．..．．......．.．.．．...．.．.............．１33.2 实验过程..．....．......．.........．..............．...．.．．．............．.....．........．．.．．...．.．..．．...．.13 3．２.１预备知识．..．....．．．....．.．....．．．．..．.．.....．....．.....．.．.．.......．......．....．．．.．........．．..1３3.２． 2 实验测试与结果...．...............．.．..．．．....．．....．.....．.........．....．.......．......．..14 ３.3 实验总结....．．.．.....．.........．.．.．..．．........．.．...．．．.．．..．...．．...．..．...．...．.．...．.．．.....．....．153.４源代码．....．..........．．..．．．．．.．..........．...．.．..．.．....．．.．．.......．.．.．．.．.．..．.....．...．．....．..．．.15实验一Liｎux线程及信号灯1．1实验目的与内容1.1．1实验目的１、熟悉Liｎux线程接口。
ﻩ2、熟悉Linuｘ信号灯编程。
3、了解Ｌinuｘ进程同步与通信的主要机制，并通过信号灯操作实现进程间的同步与互斥。
1．1．2 实验内容1、编程模拟实现飞机售票:创建多个售票线程；ﻩ使用公用全局变量保存已售票数量;ﻩ创建互斥信号灯;ﻩﻩ对售票线程临界区实施P、Ｖ操作；2、编程模拟实现双线程单缓冲区的合作创建一个计算线程与一个输出线程；创建同步信号灯;缓冲区用全局公用数组变量;对计算线程与输出线程实施Ｐ、V操作；1.２实验过程ﻩ1.2．1 预备知识Liｎuｘ下的信号灯及其Ｐ、V操作：表１. 错误!未定义书签。
Ｐ、V操作定义线程:表1. 错误!不能识别的开关参数。
线程相关函数共享内存:使用共享内存是运行在同一计算机上的进程进行进程间通信的最快的方法,ｓhmget与sｈmat 系统调用。
进程控制:fｏｒk与exeｃv系统调用;编译、编辑、调试表1. 错误!不能识别的开关参数。
编译、编辑、调试1.2.2 实验测试与结果测试结果:模拟售票说明（图1.1．1和1．１.2）:共有300张票，有三个线程分别代表三个售票窗口图１．1.1图1.1.2说明（图1.1．3和1.1．4)：每个窗口每次只卖出一张,直到卖完图1.1.3图1．1．4 测试结果:双线程单缓冲区的合作图１.21．3 实验总结本次实验刚做的时候用三个线程做依次访问卖几张来卖出，后来老师让我改成每次买一张直到卖完，做出来了，但是我加的循环体加的位置不对,运行一两次可能没问题,但运行几万次可能会出现问题,此bug老师给我指出的，程序还有待优化。
1.4源代码１：＃ｉnclude <ｓtｄiｏ.ｈ>#ｉncｌude<ptｈread．ｈ>#inclｕde<liｎuｘ/sem.h>#inｃluｄe <sys/ｔｙpes．h>＃ｉncludｅ＜stdｌib.h>iｎtｔicｋet=3０0;int ｍutｅｘ；vｏid p(int sｅmｉd,iｎt sｅmno）{sｔruct sｅmbuf sop;soｐ.ｓeｍ_nuｍ=seｍno；sｏｐ.sｅm_op=-1;sop.ｓｅm_flg=0;seｍop(ｓeｍｉｄ,&sop,1);}ｖoid v(int seｍid,inｔｓeｍno){ｓtruct sembuf sｏp;sop.ｓem_nｕm=ｓemnｏ;sop.sｅm_op=１;sop.sem_ｆlg=0；semop(semid,&ｓop,1);}void thread1（vｏid){ｉｎt ｉ;p（mutｅx，0)；priｎtf("窗口1:本航班共有%d个座位,请问您需要买几张?＼n",ticｋet);scanf("％d",&i);ｉｆ（ｉ>ｔiｃket）printｆ("窗口1：剩余票数不够＂);ｅlｓeticket＝ticｋｅt-i;v(mutex,0);｝ｖｏid thｒead2（voiｄ){inｔi;ｐ(ｍutex,0);prinｔf（"窗口2:本航班共有%d个座位，请问您需要买几张？\n＂,ｔickｅt);sｃanｆ("%d"，&i);if(i>tiｃkｅt）ｐrｉｎｔf("窗口2：剩余票数不够")；elseｔiｃｋeｔ=ticｋet－ｉ;ｖ(muｔex,0)；}void thrｅaｄ３(vｏｉｄ）{2:#incｌude<sys/types.h>ｉnt q[100];int m;ｉｎt ｗ＝０;void Ｐ(iｎｔｓemｉd,iｎt seｍno）{strｕct ｓembｕf ｓoｐ;sop.sem＿num=ｓemnｏ；sop.sem_op=-1;soｐ．sem＿flg=０;semoｐ(ｓｅmid，&ｓoｐ,１);｝void V（int semid，int sｅmno)｛sｔrｕｃt sｅmbｕf sｏp；sop.sem＿num=ｓｅmｎo;ｓop．sｅm_op＝１；sop.sｅm_fｌg=０;seｍoｐ(seｍid，＆ｓop，１);}void pa(){Ｐ（ｍ,1);w++；q[ｗ］＋=1;V（m,0)；｝void pb(){P(ｍ,0)；pｒinｔf("ｊiegｕo =%d\ｎ",q[ｗ]);w--；V(m,1）;}int main(voiｄ){ptｈread＿t id1;ｐｔhｒead_t ｉd2;pthread_t id3;pｔhreａｄ_t id4;int ｉ,ret1,rｅt2；ｕnion semun arg;ａｒg.ｖal=0；m=semget(IＰＣ_PRIＶATE,2,IＰC_ＣRＥＡＴ|066); semctｌ(ｍ，0,SETVＡL,aｒg）;arｇ.ｖal=1;semｃｔｌ（m,1，SEＴVAL，arg);ret1=ｐthｒead_create(＆id１,NULL,(void*)pa,ＮULＬ); if(rｅt１!=０）{实验二Ｌinux进程及同步2.1 实验目的与内容2.１.1实验目的了解并掌握Lｉnux进程及同步２.2.2 实验内容编程模拟实现誊抄;创建三个誊抄进程；基于共享内存建立缓冲区;创建同步信号灯;对各誊抄进程施加Ｐ、V操作；2.２实验过程2.２.1 预备知识①并发程序的誊抄：get程序:负责从输入序列f中读取字符并送到缓冲区ｓ中;copｙ程序:把缓冲区s中的数据复制到缓冲区t中去；put程序：从缓冲区t中取出数据打印;②誊抄的实现：在相应的圆圈对应的进程中,通过修改箭头上对应序号的信号灯控制进程的运行，设有4个信号灯分别为0、1、2、3gｅｔ() {p(0); ﻩget操作；v(2); } cｏｐｙ(）{ﻩp(1);ﻩp(2);cｏpy操作；v（0）;v(3)；}ｐut（){ｐ(3);put操作;ﻩｖ(1);}通过设置信号灯0的初值和利用c ｏｐｙ对信号灯0做v操作,使得当信号灯0的资源个数>0时,可以进行ｇeｔ操作通过设置信号灯１、2的初值和利用pｕｔ对信号灯１做ｖ操作、利用get对信号灯2做v操作,使得当信号灯１和信号灯２的资源个数均>0时,可以进行cｏpy操作通过设置信号灯3的初值和利用ｃｏpy对信号灯3做v操作,使得当信号灯3的资源个数＞0时,可以进行put操作2．2.２实验测试与结果运行结果：图2使用．/maiｎ打开程序2.３实验总结通过此次实验了解了进程的创建，知道了进程与线程的区别。