探讨继电保护装置的时限配合问题电力系统的不断发展和安全稳定运行给国民经济和社会发展带来了巨大的动力和效益。
企业的电力系统安全运行就成为了重中之重。
一旦发生故障,如果不能及时有效控制,就会越级到变电站扩大事故范围,造成大面积停电,给社会和企业造成直接的经济损失,甚至会产生锅炉爆炸、有毒气体排放等危及社会安全的危险后果。
继电保护装置就是保证电力设备安全和防止及限制长时间大面积停电的最基本、最重要、最有效的技术手段。
继电保护装置一旦不能正确动作,就会扩大事故范围,酿成严重后果。
The development of power system and the safe and stable operation of great power and benefits to the national economy and social development. The safe operation of the power system of enterprises has become a priority among priorities. Once the fault happened, if not timely and effective control, will leapfrog into the substation expansion of the scope of the accident, causing blackouts, causing direct economic losses to the society and enterprises, dangerous consequences will even produce boiler explosion, toxic gases endanger social security. Relay protection device is to ensure safety andprevent electric equipment and long time blackout of the most basic, most important, the most effective technical means. Relay protection device once cannot correct action, will expand the scope of the accident, causing serious consequences. 供电企业已广泛应用集测量、保护、控制和通讯于一体的智能化微机型继电保护装置。
但因为微机继电保护装置及配套措施价格昂贵,维护费用高。
在大量的工矿企业、民用建筑等变电站和配电室中,还在大量使用电磁型反时限继电保护装置。
这些继电保护装置设备老化、精度不够,尤其时间元件精度极差。
当被保护线路内出现短路、过流等故障时,常会导致保护时间元件不精准而造成越级跳闸现象。
不但降低了对用户供电的可靠性,同时也给供电企业安全运行造成了重大隐患。
Intelligent power supply enterprises have been widely used in measurement, protection, control and communication in one of the microcomputer relay protection device. But because the price of microcomputer relay protection equipment and supporting measures of expensive, high maintenance costs. In a large number of industrial and mining enterprises, civil construction of substation and power distributionroom, still use a lot of electromagnetic inverse time relay protection device. The relay protection device aging equipment, precision is not enough, especially the time element accuracy range. When the protected circuit short circuit, over-current fault, often causes the protection time element is not accurate due to override trip phenomenon. Not only reduce the reliability of power supply to the user, but also caused great hidden trouble to the safe operation of power supply enterprises. 使用电磁型反时限继电保护装置的这些企业大多在经济市场化的浪潮中艰难生存,资金非常紧张。
虽然对改造继电保护装置有主观的意愿,但是需投入的改造费用却不能落实到位。
所以我们只有另辟蹊径,用最小的投入满足客户与供电企业的继电保护配合问题。
以下是亨通精密铸造有限公司继电保护改造实例。
The use of electromagnetic inverse time relay protection device of most of the enterprises in the market economy tide survive, money is very tight. Although there is a willingness on the transformation of relay protection device, but the cost of inputs can not be put in place. So we only path, meet the relay protection of powersupply enterprise customers and cooperation with minimal input. The following is the relay example Hengtong Precision Casting Co., ltd.. 二、现状调查及存在问题Two, current situation and existing problems 1.亨通精密铸造有限公司平均每年发生越级跳闸事故4次,而且给该厂供电专线上还T接有其他3家电力大客户。
屡次越级跳闸事故的梨苗发生给该条线路上的4家电力大客户造成了极大的经济损失。
仅亨通精密铸造有限公司一家因此造成的直接经济损失就高达近百万元。
1 Hengtong Precision Casting Co., average annual incidence of override trip accident 4 times, and to the power supply line of the factory is T connected with the 3 other large power customer. It happened several times over level tripping accident caused a great economic loss to the line of 4 large power customer. Only Hengtong Precision Casting Co., Ltd. a thus causing direct economic losses of up to nearly one million yuan. 2.经过对亨通精密铸造有限公司两年来的故障分析和现场实验判定,该厂内部故障屡次越级到变电站10KV出线越级跳闸的直接原因是该厂保护装置为电磁型反时限GL-11型电流继电器,时间元件精度差、动作时间不精确,根本无法达到与变电站微机保护时限相差0.2秒的配合,在给自己和其他电力大客户造成经济损失的同时也给我局安全运行构成了很大威胁。
2 after the fault analysis and field experiment of Hengtong Precision Casting Co., Ltd. two years to determine the direct cause of the factory, the internal fault repeatedly leapfrog into the substation 10KV line override trip is a protection device for the factory to electromagnetic inverse GL-11 type current relay, time element precision difference, the action time is not accurate, it is unable to achieve the coordination and microcomputer protection for substation is 0.2 seconds, constitutes a great threat to our bureau to run safely in causing economic losses to themselves and other large power customers at the same time.3.该厂目前一次系统只有一条10KV电源进线,二次回路采用全交流系统。
塑料土工格栅如选用交流微机保护装置则在发生故障时很可能失去保护电源而造成保护拒动,从而使故障越级到110KV变电站10KV出线间隔扩大故障范围。
但如选用直流蓄电池系统,仅保护及配套措施直接费用需12~15万元,而且该厂配电室老旧,更换新设备必须对原配电室进行改建,加之新安装的设备后期维护保养费用等,厂家无力投资。
3 the factory at present a system with only one 10KV power line, the two circuit adopts the whole communication system. Such as the use of AC microcomputer protection device in the event of failure is likely to lose the protection of power caused by the differential protection, so that the fault leapfrog to 110KV substation 10KV line spacing to expand the scope of fault. However, such as the selection of DC battery system, only the protection and supporting measures of direct costs 12~15 yuan, but the factory power distribution room of old, replacement of new equipment must be rebuilt on the original electric room, the addition of new equipment installation maintenance maintenance costs, manufacturers to invest. 4.如更换新型微机保护装置及配套措施则需要改建配电室,安装间隔、增加直流系统、敷设电缆等项目,要用十天时间才能完成,企业停产期间直接经济损失很大,主观上也不愿意改造。