Gravestone of Wordsworth, Grasmere
Major works
■Lyrical Ballads（1798、1880）
"Preference to the Lyrical Ballads"《抒情歌谣集》序 "Lines Composed A Few Miles above Tintem Abbey"丁登寺 "Lines Written in Early Spring"早春诗行 "She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways"她住在人迹罕至处 ■Poems, in Two Volumes（1807） "My Heart Leaps Up"我的心激烈的跳跃 "London, 1802"伦敦，一八零二年 "The Solitary Reaper"孤独的割麦者 "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"我好似一朵孤独的云
Two opposing schools:
Passive Romanticism(消极浪漫主义)↔ Active Romanticism(积极浪漫主义)
Samuel Taylor Coleridge （塞缪尔 泰勒 科勒律治）
Robert Southey （罗伯特·骚塞）
George Gorden Byron Percy Bysshe Shelley keats John
第一代浪漫主义作家不满于资本主义的发展，具有愤世嫉俗和向往大自然的 倾向。
第二代浪漫主义作家坚持启蒙思想，表现出争取自由和民主的进步思想。
Representives
■Early period: Robert Burns(罗伯特 彭斯) and William Blake(威廉 布莱克)
■Interim period:
moved back to countryside in 1795.
■Publishment: knowned Coleridge and published Lyrical Ballads in 1797. ■Traveling:
traveled in France and Switzerland. ■Marriage:
■Birthplace: Cockermouth(科克茅斯), Cumberland(坎伯兰郡),
in the Lake District in 1770. ■Orphanage:
at the age of 14. ■Education:
was educated at Cambridge University in 1787. ■Migration:
改革：
1998年之前的桂冠诗人是终身的，自安德鲁·莫辛开始，桂冠 诗人制度出现变革，此后桂冠诗人不再是终身的，而改为十年任期。 同时，桂冠诗人的年薪也不再是象征性的100英镑外加一桶雪莉葡 萄酒，而是变为大约5000英镑外加一桶雪莉葡萄酒。
Main life of William Wordswth (1770-1850)
married Mary Hutchinson in 1802. ■Honor:
became Poet Laureate in 1843. ■Death:
died of pneumonia in 1850.
Willห้องสมุดไป่ตู้am Wordsworth’s Birthplace
Dove Cottage His first home in the lakes
■ The Lake Poets: William Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge
（塞缪尔 泰勒 科勒律治）
Robert Southey
（罗伯特·骚塞）
The Lake Poets
They had lived in the lake district in the northwestern part of England and shared a community of literary and social outlook in their work.
William Wordsworth:
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud(我好似一朵孤独的云) The Solitary Reaper(孤独的割麦女)
Samuel Taylor Coleridge(塞缪尔 泰勒 科勒律治)
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner(古舟子咏) Kubla Kham(忽必烈汗) Christabel(克里斯特贝尔)
Robert Southey（罗伯特·骚塞）
II. William Wordsworth
■A lake poet ■Poet of nature ■Poet laureate (桂冠诗人1843-1850) ■A leader of English Romanticism
1770-1850
The Lake Poets 湖畔三才子
William Wordsworth （1770-1850）
I. English Romanticism II. William Wordsworth
I.English Romanticism
■Background: French Revoluction ■Time:
It prevailed in England during the period 1798—1832; Beginning: Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》 in 1798 End: death of Walter Scott（沃特 司各特） in 1832
Walter Scott
Features in literature:
英国诗人全都是大自然的观察者、爱好者和崇拜者。 ■对乡村和大海的热爱 ■对高级动物的喜爱和对一般动物世界的熟悉 ■明显的个人独立性，作家们都很有点个人癖性 ■讲求实际的道德观和人生观，与追求正义的强烈意愿 ■英国浪漫主义在发展过程中的各阶段又有着各自的一些特点
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
■Later period:
George Gorden Byron Percy Bysshe Shelley Keats John
Don Juan（唐璜） Ode to the West Wind（西风颂） Ode to a Nightingale（夜莺颂） Ode on a Grecim（希腊古翁颂）
Lake District
Poet laureate (桂冠诗人)
起源：
“桂冠”这一称号起源于中世纪的大学，当学生掌握了语法、 修辞、诗歌，学校就为他戴上桂冠，以示他获得学位。后来，这个 称号用于在诗歌创作上有显著成就的人，而且作为称颂乔叟和彼特 拉克的标准方式。William Wordsworth是1843-1850的桂冠诗人。