lDiphthongs—glides from one vowel to another within one syllable. (When we pronouce them, the jaw, tongue and lips must move)
20 Vowels
Monophthongs（单元音）: lFront vowels: / i: / i / e / æ / lCentral vowels: / ʌ / ə: / ə / lBack vowels: / ɑ: / ɔ/ ɔ: / u / u: /
lA: It is IPA(International Phonetic Alphabet).
Reviewing Questions
l2. What are the three important elements in a language?
lA: They are speech sound, vocabulary and grammar.
前元音 /i/
l 发音部位和方法
l 1. 舌尖接近下齿； l 2. 舌前部抬高，略低于/i:/的舌位； l 3. 唇形扁平，没有摩擦； l 4. 嘴的开口程度比/i:/略微大一些。 l /i/的特性 l 前元音，舌位在舌的前部。
l 高元音，舌高略低于/i:/ ，舌前部比较接近硬腭。 l 发/i/时，嘴唇、下颌的肌肉以及整个口腔都处于放松
l4. What are the three standard pronunciation in English?
lA: They are GA(General American), GB(General British) and RP(Received Pronunication).
Reviewing Questions
Reviewing Questions
l3. What is the first step in studying any spoken language?
lA: It is to determine the phonemes (the basic sounds)
Reviewing Questions
lA: They are 20 Vowels and 24 Consonants.
The English Vowels
lMonophthongs—simple vowel sounds. (When we pronouce them, the jaw, tongue and lips do not move)
Practice (3) /i:/ /i/
lIt is hard to please all. lWe have to keep it a secret. lBill speaks Chinese very well. lShe lives in a big house alone. lThis can be seen only in the deep sea. lPeter improves his reading ability very
状态。
l /i/的音质简短、清脆、有力。
Practice (2) /i/
lBusiness is business. lIt is no use crying over spilt milk. lJim has a lovely little sister. lWe had a dish of fish for dinner. lLily picked up this film ticket. lMolly is sick and she is in the clinic now.
quickly.
前元音 /e/
l 发音部位和方法 l 1. 舌尖轻触下齿； l 2. 舌前部抬高，但不接触硬腭，略低于/i/的舌位； l 3. 嘴的开口度比/i/略大，上下齿之间约能放下一根中
指；
l 4. 唇形扁平，没有摩擦。 l /e/的特性 l 前元音，舌位在舌的前部。 l 中低元音，舌高低于/i:/和/i/舌的前部位于口腔的中低
English Phonetics
Lesson 2
Front Vowels and Central Vowels
Reviewing Questions
l1. What is a phonetic system meant for the notation of sounds all over the world?
l5. How many baБайду номын сангаасic sounds do we have in English?
lA: They are 44 basic sounds in all.
Reviewing Questions
l6. What are the constitution of the 44 basic sounds?
中舌位最高的。 l 长元音，“:”是长音符号，音长一般是短元音的两
倍以上。 l 发/i:/时，嘴唇、下颌的肌肉以及整个口腔都处于紧张
状态。
Practice (1) /i:/
lA friend in need is a friend indeed. lEasy come, easy go. lI see a bee in the tree. lThe host team beat the guest team. lHe eats much meat in each meal. lShe seems to need much more sleep.
Diphthongs（双元音）: l/ ei / ai / ɔi / iə/ uə/ ɛə/ əu / au /
前元音 /i:/
l 发音部位和方法 l 1. 舌尖抵住下齿龈； l 2. 舌前部抬高，但不要碰到硬腭； l 3. 嘴唇向两旁伸展，成扁平形，如同微笑； l 4. 嘴的开口度很小，没有摩擦。 l /i:/的特性 l 前元音，舌位在舌的前部。 l 高元音，舌的前部处于口腔的最高处，是四个前元音