2015江苏高考英语试卷123二、单选421. The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped by 17 5percent in the past one year.6A. itB. whichC. thatD. as722. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged 8to _____ to their greatest potential.9A. accelerateB. improveC. performD. develop1023. –Jim, can you work…..?11--_____? I’ve been working two weeks on end.12A. Why meB. Why notC. What ifD. So what1324. Much time______ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally 14trapped by health problems.15A. being spentB. having spentC. spentD. to spend25. _____ Li Hua, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public,1617but….18A. ThatB. WhyC. WhereD. How26. It is so cold that you can’t go outside______ fully covered in 191thick clothes.2021A. ifB. unlessC. onceD. when2227. The university started some new language programmes to _______the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt.2324A. apply toB. cater forC. appeal toD. …2528. It might have saved me much trouble______ the schedule.26A. did I knowB. have I knownC. do I knowD. had I known2729. The whole team ______ Donald, and he seldom let them down.28A. wait onB. focus onC. count onD. call on2930. The reason why prices ______ and still are too high is complex, 30and no short discussion can satisfactory can explain this problem.31A. wereB. will beC. have beenD. had been3231. The police officers decided to conduct a thorough, and ______ 33review of the case.34A. comprehensiveB. complicatedC. suspiciousD. …32. Some schools will have to make _______ in agreement with the3536national social reform.37A. judgmentsB. adjustmentsC. commentsD.achievements38233. –Why didn’t you invite J ohn to your birthday party?3940-- Well, you know he’s______.41A.an early birdB. a wet blanketC. a lucky dogD. atough nut424334. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around_______44Thomas Edison.45A. thanks toB. regardless ofC. aside fromD. but for4635. –Go and say sorry to your mom, Dave?47-- I’d like to, but I’m afraid Mom would not accept my______.48A. requestsB. excusesC. apologiesD. regrets4950三、完形填空51I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel’s books in college and52was hooked on his positivity from the moment on. The stories of his53unconventional___36___ and the exceptional patients he wrote about were54so ___37____ to me and had such a big____38_____ on how I saw life fromthen on. Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr. Bernie 5556and his CDs again to ___39___ my own cancer experience?57I’m ambitious __40___, and when I started going through chemo(化疗), even though I’m a very __41__ person, I lost my drive to write.583I was just too tired and not in the ___42__. One day, while wanting to5960go in for __43__, I had one of Dr. Bernie’s books in my hand. Another61patient ___44__ what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me62___45____ he had one of his books … well. It ____46____ that among other63things, he was an eighty-one-year-old writer. He was ___47____ a64published author, and he was currently ___48____ on a new book.We would see each other at various times and ___49_____ friends.6566Sometimes he wore a duck hat, and I would tell myself, he was definitely67a(n) ____50____ of Dr. Bernie. He really put a __51__ on my face. Heunfortunately ___52__ last year due to his cancer, ___53___ he left a 6869deep impression on me…. The __54__ to pick up my pen again. I ___ 55___70to myself, “If he can do it, then so can I.”7136. A. tastes B. ideas C. notes D. memories7237. A. amazing B. shocking C. amusing D. strange7338. A. strike B. push C. challenge D. impact7439. A. learn from B. go over C. get through D. refer to7540. A. reader B. writer C. editor D. doctor7641. A. positive B. agreeable C. humourous D. honest7742. A. mood B. position C. state D. way7843. A. advice B. reference C. protection D. treatment444. A. viewed B. knew C. noticed D. wondered798045. A. while B. because C. although D. providing8146. A. carried out B. worked out C. proved out D. turned 82out8347. A. naturally B. merely C. hopefully D. actually8448. A. deciding B. investing C. working D. relying8549. A. became B. helped C. missed D. visited8650. A. patient B. operator C. fan D. publisher8751. A. sign B. smile C. mark D. mask8852. A. showed up B. set off C. fell down D. passed away8953. A. since B. but C. so D. for9054. A. guidance B. trust C. opportunity D. inspiration 9155. A. promised B. swore C. thought D. replied92四、阅读理解93A94Visitor Code95Arrive with nothing that can harm New Zealand5If you are arriving from overseas, bring no food, animal or plant9697material into the country. If in doubt declare it to Customs.98Protect plants and animalsNever allow dogs or other pets to run freely in areas of nesting 99100birds, other wildlife, or where sighposted.101Get rid of rubbish102Always get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste(e.g. 103glass, paper) where possible.104Be considerate with other waste105If using a portable toilet always throw away your toilet waste 106at a proper waste station. In the back country, bury your toilet waste 107in a shallow hole away from waterway.108Keep New Zealand’s water clean109Because soaps and other wastes can harm waterways, be careful your 110washing water doesn’t pollute the sea lakes and rivers.Take care with fires111112Always observe district fire bans. Be careful if you smoke or have 113an outdoor fire or barbecue, make sure ashes are cold before leaving.Camp or picnic carefully1146115When camping or picnicking, use facilities provided.116Keep to the track117Keep to the track, where one exists, so you lessen the chance of 118damaging fragile plants.119Be considerate120When driving, minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.12156. According to Visitor Code, visitors could act_______.122A. with care and respectB. with relief and pleasureC. with 123caution and calmness D. with attention and observation12457. What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand? 125A. Take your own camping facilities.126B. Bury glass far away from rivers.127C. Follow the track for the sake of plants.128D. Observe signs to approach nesting birds.129B130131In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown 132away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic 1337waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage 134135as a general.136Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.137A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods138represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to139traditional waste, the concentration(含量) of gold and other preciousmetal was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring 140141minerals.142Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when themachine… and the harmful metals removed, the recycled process often is 143144carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which145allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.146Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste147material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the148finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the minesthat produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and 149150packaging it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are151harmful as well.The U.S. Environment Protection Agency notes that most waste is 152153dangerous in that “the production, distribution, and use of products---154as well as management of the resulting waste---all result in greenhouse155release. Individuals can make contributions by creating less waste at…156buying reusable products and recycling.8157In many countries, the concept of extended producer responsibility 158is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机) for 159reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they 160use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first 161place?162Governments’ incentive to require producers to take responsibility 163for the packaging they process should be based on money. Why, they ask, 164should cities or towns be responsible to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫) that encased your television?165166From the governments’ point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring 167extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the cost and the 168physical responsibility of waste management from the government and 169tax-payers back to the producers.17058. By… the Swiss study, the author intended to tell us________. 171A. the weight of e-goods is rather small172B. e-waste deserves to be made good use of173C. natural materials contains more precious metals174D. the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste17559. The responsibility of e-waste…transfer ______.A. from producers to governmentsB. from governments to 176177producers9C. from individuals to distributorsD. from to governments 17817960. What does the passage mainly talk about?180A. The increase in e-wasteB. The creation of e-wasteC.The seriousness of e-waste D. The management of e-waste181182183C184Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely 185that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s 186activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interests in the work.187188Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers 189have identified several factors that motivate people to get started. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to 190191unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences and to develop social 192relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet those needs, people 193may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to 194understand the motivation of the people you wish to attract.195People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of opportunity given, some schools have launched volunteer 196197programmes. Unlike…. can …people’s wish of participation from an 198internal factor (e.g. “I volunteer because it’s important to me.”) to an external factor (e.g. “I volunteer because I’m prepared to do 19910200so.”) When that happens, people become less likely to v olunteer in the 201future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make 202volunteer activity a must.203Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted 204205follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, 206one study followed volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfactions as volunteers was 207208the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. 209Although this result may not support you, it leads to important practical 210advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training 211methods that would prepare volunteers… them with strategies for … with 212the problem they experience.”Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on 213214individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” 215as an important social role. It was estimated that those people …the role of volunteer … part of their personal …be more likely to continue 216217volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which social role 218matters by responding to statements such as “Volunteering at hospitals 219is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ 220expectations, they focused a positive cohesion(正相关) between the 221strength of role identity and the lengths of time people contributed to volunteer. These… again, lead to concrete advice. “Once an individual 222223begins volunteering, continued effort to focus on developing volunteer11role….”22422561. People volunteer mainly out of__________.226A. academic requirementsB. social expectationsC. financialrewards D. internal needs22722862. What can we learn from Florida study?229A. Follow up studies should last for one year.230B. Volunteers should get mentally prepared.231C. Volunteer training is a must in research.232D. Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.23363. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work? 234A. individual differences in role identity.B. Publicly 235identifiable volunteer T-shirt.236C. Role identity as a volunteer.D. Practical advice from 237researchers.23864. What is the best title of the passage?A. How to get people to volunteerB. How to study volunteer 239240behavior241C. How to keep volunteers’D. How to organize volunteers’activities24212243244D245Freedom and Responsibility246Freedom’s challenge in the digital Age is a serious topic. We are 247facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are 248going to do with it.249Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there 250was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but 251no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.252253In Greece, in Athens, a little city in a little country, there were 254no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which 255they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free 256men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the 257many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert. The Athenians never thought that a man was 258259free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. 260To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looked at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt 261262responsible for the welfare of Athenians not because it was forced on 263him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. 264The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty 265for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility13for the state.266267But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot268be discovered once for all. If people…it, and work for it, it will go. …269is its price. …was a change that took place without being noticed though270it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the271whole state. It had been the Athenians’ pride and joy to give to theircity. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their 272273mind. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could274look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens fro doing her work.Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them. 275276What people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable277life for them, and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and278self-reliance and responsibility…to the point of disappearing. Ath ens279was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great280wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was 281282freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result… bur den of283self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would ceaseto be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. 284285It is to be had on other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece,286refused responsibility, she reached the end of freedom and was never to287have it again.288But, the excellent becomes the permanent, Aristotle said. Athens lost,14but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James 289290Madison referred to “The capacity of mankind for self-govern ment”. No291doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in292the farthest background of his mind, but once a man has a great and good293idea, it is never completely lost. The digital Age cannot destroy it.294Somehow in this or that way thought such an idea lives though unconsideredby the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point 295296of breaking out… only sure that it will do so sometime.29765. What does the underlined word ”tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 referto?298299A. Countries where their people need help300B. Powerful states with happiness301C. Splendid states where people enjoy freedom302D. Empires ruled with absolute power30366. People believing in freedom are those who_______.304A. regard their life as their own business305B. regard freedom as their primary object306C. behave within laws and value system307D. treat others with kindness and pity30867. What change in attitude took place in Athens?15A. The Athenians refused to take their responsibility.309310B. The Athenians no longer took pride in the city.311C. The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government.312D. The Athenians looked on the government as a business.31368. What does the sentence “There could be only one result” in 314Paragraph 5 mean?315A. Athens would come to an end.316B. Athens would cease to have freedom.317C. Freedom would come from responsibility.318D. Freedom would stop Athens from self-dependence.31969. Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison?320A. The author is hopeful about freedom.321B. The author is cautious about self-government.322C. The author is skeptical of Greece civilization.323D. The author is proud of the man’s capacity.32470. What is the author’s understanding of freedom?325A. Freedom can be more popular in digital age.16B. Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.326327C. Freedom should have privacy over responsibility.328D. Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility.329330四、任务型阅读：331332People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may beeither of two kinds. One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure 333334Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle.For want of335better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.336337In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate338reward are news of crime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports,339social events, and human interest. Delayed reward may be expected from340news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science,341education, and health.342News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy343an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.344He can tremble wildly at an axe murder, shake his head sympathetically345and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laugh346understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.17News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes 347348requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance—as, for349example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting350national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer.351It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be352informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pullshimself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt 353354himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he355usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dreamworld.356357For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two classes358are not stable. For example, asociologist may read news of crime as a359social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read360a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next361week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful publicmeeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an 362363account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a364thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirectexperience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness. 365366Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an367individuals tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to368another, or369divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.18People expect to get (71) ______________ from reading news.News stories are roughly divided into two classes.Some news will excite their readers instantly while others won’t.News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual (73)_________________.Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and (74) _________________ similar feelings with those involved.News of delayed reward will make readers suffer, or present a(75) _____________ to them.News of delayed reward will induce the reader to (76) _________________ for thereality while news of immediate reward will lead the reader to(77)19What readers expect from news stories arelargely shaped by their(78) __________________.Serious readers will both get excited over whathappens in some news stories and(79)___________________ themselves to the reality.Thus, the division, on the whole,(80)__________________ on the reader.370371372373第五部分:书面表达(满分25分)37481.请阅读下面文字及图表并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章37520376377378【写作内容】3791.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容3802.结合上述信息简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因3813.根据你的分析从社会规范 rulesandregulations 和个人行为两方382面谈谈你得到的启示不少于两点383【写作要求】3841.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学385校名称3863.不必写标题387【评分标准】388内容完整语言规范语篇连贯词数适当38939021391392393394395396397398399400401英语试题参考答案402第一部分共20小题每小题1分共20分40311.A12.B13.C14.A15.B16.C17.B18.A19.A20.C第二部分共35小题每小题1分共35分40440571.rewards/rewarded 72.Explanations 73.involvement 40674.share40775.threat 76.prepare 77.withdraw78.profession(s)/intention4082279.adapt 80.depends409410411第五部分满分25分412Onepossible version:413Thetrafficissue isahard nutto crack.Itnotonly affects our414everyday life,but may alsothreatenpeopleslives.Thethreeselectionspresentedabovearetypical exam 415416ples.417Quiteafewthingsgiverisetothetrafficproblem.Inspiteofthelargescaleconstruction of roadsand highways, there is still much room for 418419improvement, because of the ever increasingnumberofcarstheseyears.Whatsworse,somedrivers,cyclistsandpedestrian 420421sdonotthinkit vital toobeytraffic rules.422Infact,trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelatedtopublicorder.Without them,peoplecould notenjoy harmony orthecountry 423424would be in chaos. But rules alone don t425secureanorderlysociety.Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthatmatter.Itiseve426rybodysduty to427observethemtokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingontheright track.42823。