英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）1.长元音 /ɑ://ɔ:// ɜ://i://u:/短元音/ ʌ/ /ɒ//ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/双元音/eɪ/ /aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə//əʊ/ /aʊ/辅音（28个）轻辅音/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ//s/浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/轻辅音/ʃ/ /h/ /ts//tʃ/ /tr/浊辅音/ʒ/ / r/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/鼻音/m/ /n/ /ŋ/半元音/ j/ / w/边音/ ǀ/英语音标及字母组合对照一、元音:前元音：[i:] [ɪ] [e] [æ]1. [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei eyee ：three tree green sheep meet beef see seekea ：eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please e ：he she meie ：pieceei: receive ceilingey:key2. [ɪ]发音字母i y e uii:sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big buildy: many twenty happye:defect theui: quick quit音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ]seat sitbeat bitsheep ship3. [e] 字母组合ea e aea:head bread pleasuree:elephant sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesa:any many音标对比：[ i ] [ e ]sit setlift leftdid dead4. [ æ ] 发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 音标对比: [e] [æ]beg bagmet matbed bad前元音小结：英语中有四个前元音，即：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ æ ]发前元音时必须注意：1) 舌尖要抵住下齿。
2) 舌前部向硬颚部分抬起。
3) 双唇不要收圆，发[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] 时双唇平展，发[ æ ]时口形要X大，扁唇。
4) 唇形舌位保持不变，否则就要发成双元音。
中元音：/ ɜ:/ /ə/1. [ɜ:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orir:girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdur:turn burn nurse Thursdayear:learn earn earth hearder：term her serveor：work worm world2. [ə] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e urer:teacher leader player speaker farmeror:doctor actor authorou:deliciouso:together tomorrow todaya:alive attack appearancee:theur:Saturday后元音: [a:] [ʌ] [u:] [ʊ] [ɔ:] [ɔ]1 [a:] 字母组合ar a alar：car farm card arm gardena：fast class last glass plantal: half2. [ ʌ ] 发音字母u o ouu:up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buso:e mother does brother love aboveou :trouble音标对比：[a:] [ʌ]fast funhalf butcard cut3. [ɔ: ]字母组合al or au our ar oo aw ou oreal:small wall talk tall hall ball call walkor:short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store au:caught autumnour:four boughtar:warm quarteraw: law sawou: bought fought thoughtore: before4. [ɒ]发音字母o ao:hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss nota:want wash watch音标对比：[ɔ:] [ɔ]sort dogtort nodshort shop5. [u:] 字母组合oo o u ouoo:food moon room goose tootho:shoe do two tou: true truth blue fullou: group6. [ʊ] 字母组合oo ou u ooo:look good foot book woodou:should couldu:put full pull pusho:woman音标对比: [u:] [u]foot foodboot bookcool couldroof roommoon wood双元音1)由两个成分组成,发音时由一个元音向另一个元音滑动,发音过程口形有变化.2)前重后轻, 第一个成分发音响亮清澈, 第二个成分较轻弱模糊.3)前长后短, 第一个成分发音较长, 第二个成分发音较短.合口双元音: [ei] [ai] [ɔɪ] /əʊ/ /aʊ/1. [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai eya:name cake late gate planeay:play say may wayea:great breakai:rain paint plainey:they grey音标对比：[æ] [ei] [ e ]at eight bedbat bade setlab late pensand same hen 2. [ai] 发音字母i…e i yi：bike fine find ninei:die light night highy:my try fly音标对比：[ æ ] [ai]bat biteback bikedam climblamp linesack sign3. [ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oioy:boy toy joyoi：oil soil voice choice音标对比：[ɔɪ ] [ɔ]boy bosstoy topspoil stop4. [əʊ] 发音字母o o ow oao：home phonecold go no host ghost ow:know low below grow show flowoa:boat coat goal5. /aʊ/ 字母组合ou owou:house out flour ground sound loudaround mouseow:flower down now cow how town音标对比：[au] [əu]how holeloud load集中双元音为：/ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/1. /ɪə/ 字母组合eer ear ere ieeer:beer deerear:near hear dearere:hereie: experience2. [ ɛə ] ([eə])字母组合ear air ereear:pear bearair:chair air fairere:there where care3. /ʊə/字母组合our oor ureour:touroor: poorure: sure二、辅音：爆破音: [ p ] [ b ] [ t ] [ d ] [ k ] [ g ]1. [ p ]音标特征：双唇爆破清辅音发音要诀：双唇紧闭,然后突然放开, 使气流突破双唇外泄。
[ p ]是清辅音发音时声带不震动。
注意: 在[ s ] 音的后边, [ p ]音要读成相应的浊辅音[ b ]发音组合：p代表单词：pay pipe put pie peachsport speed spend2. [ b ]音标特征：双唇爆破浊辅音发音要诀：双唇紧闭,然后突然放开, 使气流突破双唇外泄。
[ b ]是浊辅音发音时声带震动。
发音组合：b代表单词：bird bed bag big buy bake bill bear book音标对比：[ p ] [ b ]put bookpen bedpet betpull ball3. [ t ]音标特征：舌尖齿龈爆破清辅音.发音要诀：双唇微开, 先用舌尖紧贴上齿龈, 形成阻碍, 然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔。
[ t ]是清辅音,发音时声带不震动。
注意: 在[ s ] 音的后边, [ t ]音要读成相应的浊辅音[ d ]发音组合：t代表单词：tea teacher team taught tip it meet cat thought tent boat student stand stick4. [ d ]音标特征：舌尖齿龈爆破浊辅音.发音要诀：双唇微开, 先用舌尖紧贴上齿龈, 形成阻碍, 然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔。
[ d ]是浊辅音,发音时声带震动。
发音组合：d代表单词：do did does deer date dig need bed音标对比：[ t ] [ d ]tea deedteam deepneat needbet bed5. [ k ]音标特征：舌后软颚爆破清辅音发音要诀：舌后部隆起, 舌根紧贴软颚, 形成阻碍, 然后突然X开,气流冲出口腔。
声带不产生震动, 属于清辅音。
注意：在[ s ] 音后面读相应的浊辅音[ g ]发音组合：c k ck代表单词：cake car can cat e kite sky keeppick back6. [ g ]音标特征：舌后软颚爆破浊辅音发音要诀：舌后部隆起, 舌根紧贴软颚, 形成阻碍,然后突然X开,气流冲出口腔。
声带震动, 属于浊辅音。
发音组合：g代表单词：go gap get big bag beg音标对比：[ k ] [ g ]keep getkid gaincake begpick pigbake big爆破音小结:1) [ p ] [ t ] [ k ] 是清辅音，发音时声带不震动，送气要强。