会试
Juren The Provincial Examination
省试
amination 乡试
Tongsheng
Zhuangyuan
Bangyan
Tanhua
Jinshi
Jinshi
Influence Advantages
• To the government • To the administrative officials • To the grassroots
Emperor Taizong
The Four BookS
The Great Learning The Doctrine of the Mean The Analects of Confucius Mencius
the Five Classics
Eight – legged essay
→ → Opening
The Imperial Examination System
中国科举制度
Imperial Examination System 科举考试制度
• After the Sui Dynasty, these private and official schools had gradually deteriorated (衰败) into a dependency on the imperial examination system (科 举考试制度), through which officials were selected.
再见
• 隋朝以后，国家逐渐确立以科举考试选拔 官员，私学开始衰败，调整为以应举（科 举考试）为目的。
Origin ※ To replace the Nine Rank Judging
System (九品中正制） ※ To select real talents
Emperor Yang of Sui
Emperor Xuanzong
Amplification
破题
承题
→ Initial argument 起股
Central argument 中股
→ → Latter argument 后股
Final argument 束股
Conclusion 大结
Levels
Jinshi The Palace Examination殿试
Gongshi The Academy Examination
Disadvantages
• Imprison people’ thoughts
十年寒窗无人问， Ten—year hard study by the window, industrious 一举成名天下知。 One—day success known to the world, glorious!