6.1.扁平组织强调分散管理,鼓励员匚参与决策。
Flat organizations emphasize a dencentralized approach to management, which encourages high employee involvement in decisions・1 2.管理人员和员工在一个互有信心、互相信任的友好环境中互动。
Management and employees interact in a friendly environment characterized by mutual confidence and trust.3.机械组织最适合重复的运行和稳定的环境。
Mechanistic organizations are best suited to repetitive operations and stable environment・6.4.商业计划有多种形式。
There are a wide variety of formats for business plan.6.5.计划过程远比计划文档更重要。
Far more important than plan documents is that plan process itself.6.6.每一个任务都应该包扌舌一个执行方案。
Each objective should include an action plan.7. 一个执行方案可以帮助主管组织、协调他的团队行动，并使项目按计划进行。
An action plan can help supervisor stay organized, coordinate his or her team' s activities, and keep projects on schedule.8.执行方案详细阐述完成该任务所需要的步骤和工作。
The action plan states specifically what steps or tasks will be accomplished to achieve the objective.9.9.项口管理软件程序可以帮助主管制定执行方案。
Project-management software program are available to help supervisor create action plan.6.10.最基本的项目管理软件程序帮助用户把自C的想法整理成一个简单的进度表。
The most basic project management program helps organize the users' thoughts so that a simple schedule can be created.7.1.链接是最简单但最有效的因特网营销方法。
Linking is one of the simplest yet most effective Internet marketing devices.10. 2.电子邮件签名文件Rf 以有效地宣传一个网站oE - mail signature f 订es can effectively promote a website.3. EDT通常用于两个公司的两个终端设备的通信。
EDI is usually deployed in between communication end points between two companies.4.很快大部分企业都将成为某种程度上的电子商务企业。
Pretty soon most business will be E-business to some extent ・7.5.安全电子交易(SET)是保证因特网财务往来安全的系统。
Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a system for ensuring the security of financial transactions on the Internet・7.6.发证机构(CA)是网络中的一个机构，他负责发放和管理的安全信川证和川于信息加密的公共钥匙。
A certificate authority(CA) is an authority in a network that issues and manages security credentials and public keys for message encryption.7.7. CRM固然包含许多技术,但认为CRM主要是技术则是错误的。
There are many technological components to CRM, but thingking about CRM in primarily technological terms is a mistake・7.8.多川户操作系统允许不同的川户同时利丿LI计算机资源。
A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage of the computer 's resources simultaneously.7.9.操作系统(OS)是最先装入计算机的软件。
The operating system (OS) is the first thing loaded onto the computer.10.没有什么能比计算机更好的体现现代生活。
Nothing epitomizes modern life better than the computer.网络由两个或多个连接在一起的计算机组成，以便共亭资源(如打印机和光盘驱动器)、交换文件或进行电子通信。
A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CD-ROMs), exchange files , or allow electronic communications.2.网络上的计算机nJ以用电缆、电话线、无线电波、卫星或红外线光束连接。
The computers on a network may be linked through cable s, telephone lines , radio waves , satellites , or infrared light beams・8.3.局域网(LAN)是局限于一个较小范围的的网络。
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that is confined to a relatively small area.8.4.连接到服务器上的计算机被称为工作站o Computers connected to the file server are called workstations.8.5.在大部分的局域网上中，人们用电缆来连接每个计算机的网卡。
On most LANs , cables are used to connect the network interface cards in each computer.6.网络提供了一个非常快的共亭和传输文件的方法。
Networks provide a very rapid method for sharing and transferring files.7.今天，它主要是通过网络或电子数据交换來完成。
Now , it is mainly done through Internet and ElectronicData Interchange(EDI).企业能够通过因特网收集关于产阳、购买者和竞争对手的信息，从而增强其竞争力。
Businesses can gather information on products , buyers and competitors through Internet so as to increase their own competitiveness.OSI 体系结构被划分为七层。
The OS I architecture is split between seven layers. 11. 10.网络--般是指一组计算机共同丁•作。
A network typically means a group of computers working together.12. 1.面向对象设计不是唯一的设计类型。
Object-oriented design is not the only type of design.2.类是具有共同结构和相同行为的对象的集合。
A class is a set of objects that share a common structure and a common behaviour.3.数据流程图模拟一个系统中的事件和过程(如传输数据的活动)o Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) model events and processes (i ・ e. activities which transform data) within a system ・9. 4.逻辑数据结构模型(LCDs)用另一方式描述一个系统的信息和数据oLogical Data Structure (LDSs) represent a system , s information and data in another way.9. 5.每个子系统描述数据处理过程的一个加工过程或活动。
Each subsystem represents a process or activity in which data is processed.9. 6.存储设备和显示设备是硬件。
The storage devices and display devices are hardware ・7. 一个域就是一个单独的信息块。
A field is a single piece of information.& 一个文件就是一些记录的集合。
A file is a collection of records. 6. 9. 一个记录就是一些域的完整集合。
A record is one complete set of fields ・ 10.软件可以分为两个基本类别:系统软件和应用软件。