英语被动语态用法总结(完整)一、单项选择被动语态1.As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by 2025. A.will have been put B.will have put C.have been put D.will be putting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。
句意:据估计,到2025年为止,全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。
根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应为将来完成时的被动语态。
故选A。
2.Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.A.belonging B.belongs C.is belonging D.is belonged【答案】B【解析】考查短语:belong to 属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。
故答案选B。
3.________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.A.Having explained B.Having been explainedC.Though it was explained D.It was explained【答案】D【解析】因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子,排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用,所以选D。
4.一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?一Not until our plan________ by the committee.A.will be approved B.approvesC.is to approve D.has been approved【答案】D【解析】这题考查时态语态,our plan和approve是被动关系,用被动,选择A或D。
A项是一般将来时,not until引导的是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,可以用一般现在时或现在完成时,选D。
5.The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A.elected B.settledC.developed D.contained【解析】考查动词。
句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。
由句意可知,选settle,意为“解决”。
elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。
故选B。
6.The new library ________; it will be open next year.A.had been built B.was builtC.was being built D.is being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。
根据后面一句可推知,图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。
所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。
故选D。
7.— Did he decide to take part in the competition?— Yes, of course. He _____ to.A.has been encouraging B.had been encouragedC.has been encouraged D.was to be encouraged【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:——他决定参加比赛吗?——是的,当然。
他已经被鼓励参加比赛。
根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析,此处应该使用被动形式,故先排除A 项。
再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析,此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。
故选B。
8.Due to the country’s growing rate of urbanization, China’s migrant population _______ to be over 200 million by 2020.A.predicts B.is predicted C.will have been predicted D.will be predicted【答案】B【解析】考查时态和被动语态。
句意:由于中国城市化的速度不断提高,到2020年,中国的流动人口预计将超过2亿。
结合句意可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子主语是population,单数第三人称形式,故答案为B。
该题容易误选D项,是现在预计,而不是将来预计,故用现在时态。
9.In no time______ by a string of measures backing Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and opening-up.A.the landmark decision was followedB.was the landmark decision followedC.did the landmark decision follow;D.the landmark decision had been followed;【答案】A【解析】考察句子语序。
句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大开放。
In no time(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序,不用部分倒装。
另外,该句陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选A。
【点睛】关于部分倒装。
部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是谓语部分的be动词,情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。
常见的部分倒装分以下几类:第一,否定性副词或者赋词短语,比如seldom,hardly,at no time, in no case, on no occasion等位于句首时,比如,Hardly does he get late. 第二,only修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如only in this way can we succeed.而本题中in no time (立刻,马上),不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。
10.—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.A.have thought B.are thoughtC.had thought D.were thought【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。
句意:——你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?——是的,在现场的35名矿工中,只有两名被认为安全获救。
此处指现在只有2个人被认为安全获救,用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B.11.The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A.was broken into; is belonged to B.broke into; is belonged toC.broke into; belonging to D.was broken into; belongs to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。
句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在那里住了。
第一空,根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,break into“破门而入”,答案为was broken into;第二空,belong to“属于”,无进行和被动语态,结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为belongs to。
故选D。
12.A new function of China’s official train ticket booking website ______to boost buyers’ chances of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring Festival travel rush.A.will be expected B.expects C.has been expected D.is expected【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。
句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票机会。
be expected to do表示“有望……”,常用于一般现在时,故D项正确。
13.The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A.treatedB.were treatedC.would treatD.would be treated【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态的用法。
句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。
the guests ___ in the hotel是定语从句U,修饰The way,treat是从句的谓语动词,The guests 与treat之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。
故选B。
14.I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.A.have told; wash B.have been told; washC.was told; washed D.have been told; are washed【答案】B【解析】考察时态。
根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。
可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。
他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。
选B。
15.An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery. A.was held B.would hold C.has hold D.will be held【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查时态语态。