2016考研英语翻译模拟练习题（4(1(A ny discussi on of the America n educati onal system would be less tha n complete if it did not mention the emphasis that many colleges and universities place upon the non academic, social, “ extracurricular ” aspect of educati on, astperdefiinied growth. Perhaps a useful way of viewing the notion of personal growth would be topicture the very large and gen eral term subsetseducationembraKsirtog^irirgcuidi ng aswithi n it academic and non academic comp onents.This may be one of the most difficult con cepts to convey to some one who is not in timately familiar with America n higher educati on. Few educati onal systems in other coun tries place the same emphasis on this ble nd of academic and pers onal educati on. The majority of colleges and uni versities in the Un ited States make some attempt to in tegrate pers onal and in tellectual growth in the un dergraduate years. (2( If the ultimate goal of un dergraduate educati on in America were simply to convey a set body of kno wledge, the term of studies could un doubtedly be reduced. Yet the terms of studies are exte nded in order to give stude nts a cha nee to grow and develop in other ways.Numerous opport un ities are made available to stude nts to become invo Ived in sports, stude nt gover nment, musical and dramatic orga ni zati ons, and coun tless other orga ni zed and in dividual activities desig ned to enhance one ' s pers onal growth and provide somerecreati on and enjo yme nt outside of the classroom. (3(Experie nee with campus orga ni zati ons and off-campus com mun ity invo Iveme nt can be highly valuable in preparing international students for future leadership in their professional field upon their return home.The typical American college ' s support for extracurricular activity is perhaps unique in the world, This special educatio nal dime nsion, bey ond the classroom and laboratory experie nee, does not mean that extracurricular participati on is required to gain anAmerica n degree. It rema ins an en tirely optio nal activity, but (4(it is no ted here becauseAmerica ns have tradti on ally viewed success in one ' s role as a citize n as closely lin ked to a “ wero un ded ” life that in corporates a variety of social, athletic, and cultural activities into aperson ' s experienee.A great many America n campuses and com mun ities have orga ni zed special extracurricular activities for students from other countries. (5(On most campuses, one can find an international club, which includes Americans,where students can get to know and learn socially from stude nts from other coun tries, as well as America ns. Intern ati onal stude nts are almost always in vited, through orga ni zed hospitality activities, into the homes of America ns liv ing in or outside the academic com muni ty.答案1. 如果对美国教育体系的讨论未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学术性的、社会的及课程外”的方面,即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全面。
2. 假如美国本科教育的最终目的只是传授一定量的知识，那么学习的期限无疑就可以缩短。
3. 参与校园内的各种组织活动和校外团体活动的经验在培养国际学生归国后在其专业领域发挥领导作用方面是极有价值的。
4. 在这里特别提到的是因为美国人历来认为，一个人作为社会公民的成功是与包括各种各样的社会、体育和文化活动的个人经历的全方位的生活紧密相关的。
5. 在大多数的校园里都有国际俱乐部，成员包括美国学生。
在俱乐部里，学生(包括美国学生通过与来自其他国家的学生的社会交往相互认识并学习。
总体分析本文主要介绍了美国教育系统注重培养学生课外活动能力，促进学生个性发展的特点第一至二段：指出美国本科教育努力将个性发展和智力发展相结合。
第三至五段：这种教育特点与美国人关于成功的社会公民的观念相关，并有利于培养国际学生的领导和交际能力。
试题精解1. ［精解］本题考核的知识点是：条件状语从句、后置定语。
该句子是含条件状语从句的主从复合句。
句子的主干是：Anydiscussion …would be less than complete条件从句翻译时应前置，其中代词it指代主句主语Any discussion 。
…条件句中又含有that引导的定语从句修饰theemphasis 定语从句的主干是：…universities place (emphasisupon the •句education,子最后的分词结构(which isdefined as personal growth是前面名词短语the non academic, social, “ extracurricular ” aspect的f后置定语fo n 由于名词短语中已含有多个形容词做定语，因此，句末的后置定语应采用拆译法，译成同位语。
词汇方面:place emphasis upon (sth强调，重视［extracurricular课外的，业余的,extra-前缀意为在外,外面” ；personal growt个人成长。
2. ［精解］本题考核的知识点是：条件状语从句、词义的选择。
该句是含if条件句的主从复合句，而且是虚拟语气。
词汇方面:convey意思是运送;传达,表达”文中和knowledge搭配应译为传授”。
a body of原意是大量,大批，大堆”加入set后,可译为一定量的”。
term意思是学期,期限；条款，条件，术语”等，根据上下文将它确定为期限”。
3. ［精解］本题考核的知识点是：介词短语、词性转换这是个简单句，其主干是experienee can be valuabl句子中的修饰成分基本上都是介词短语。
主语experienee后with…involvemen结构做后置定语，翻译时将它提前;in preparing 结构做状语，译为在 ....................... 方面”词汇方面:off-campus校外,off-前缀意为不在.... 上，离开去掉” ;involvemen意为参与，加入”文中转译为动词。
Upon可意为“••…之后”4•［精解］本题考核的知识点是：状语从句、后置定语。
该句是含原因状语从句的主从复合句，主句是it is noted here> Because引导的从句的主干是:America ns …viewed success …as closely lin ked to a -roun d e dv e llife,i n one' s role as a 0也做后置定语修饰success,life后接有that引导的定语从句做定语。
由于主句很短，而状语从句长且复杂，因此可以保留句子原来顺序。