5个元音字母 5个元音字母的音标5个元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu一、时间名词前所用介词：年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。
要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。
午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。
at也用在明分前，说“差”可要用上to，说“过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，莫让岁月空蹉跎。
On Christmas Eve at 1：00（dawn，midnight，noon） at Christmas in（during）1988（December，the 20th century）二、反身代词：1、第一、二人称的反身代词是由形容词性物主代词加上-self或-selves构成的。
如：I—myself we—ourselvesYou -- yourself you -- yourselves2、第三人称的反身代词是由人称代词的宾格加上-self或-selves构成的。
如：she—herself he--himselfit--itself they--themselves one—oneselfenjoy oneself 玩得高兴；help oneself (to) 随便用……； hurt oneself 伤害自己； teach oneself 自学；get dressed oneself 自己穿衣三、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, push-pushes, watch-watches class—classes3．以o结尾的名词后面加s或esphoto—photos radio—radios zoo—zoostomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s如：family-families, strawberry-strawberriesbaby—babies boy—boys toy—toys5.以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：加s或者去f,fe 加ves，或均可belief---beliefs roof---roofssafe---safes knife---knives leaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wives life---lives thief---thieves；handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves5．不规则名词复数：man-men woman-women policeman-policemen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feettooth-teeth fish-fish people-people,Chinese-Chinese a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。
people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 apeople，a police，a cattle，但可以说 a person，apoliceman，a head of cattle, the English，the British， the Chinese，the Japanese 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。
如： The Chinese are industries and pave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： -a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。
news 是不可数名词。
the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。
“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book. 是一本非常有趣的故事书。
表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼写出下列各词的复数I _________him _________this __________watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ thief _______peach______ sandwich______ man______ paper_______ juice______ water________ milk______ rice________四、动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks milk-milks2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ push________ do_________ teach_______五、动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：写出下列动词的现在分词：play_______ run_________ swim_________ make_________ go_________ like________ write_______ read_______ have_________ sing________ dance_________六、动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked watched, planted,watered, pulled, climbed, picked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted liked, moved, tasted。
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．以1个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed，如stop——stopped。
sit——sat throw——threw am, is——was drink——drank draw ——drew are —— weresing——sang fly ——flew do —— didbegin —— began grow —— grew have, has —— had-swim —— swam put —— put may —— might give —— gave cut —— cut can —— could ring —— rang let —— let shall ——should run —— ran read —— read will —— wouldride —— rode catch —— caught go —— wentwrite—— wrote teach —— taught eat —— ate drive——drove think——thought hear—heardkeep —— kept buy —— bought see —— sawsleep —— slept fight —— fought find —— found-sweep ——swept hold ——held wear ——wore feel ——felt tell ——told meet —— met come —— came get —— got mean —— meantmake —— made speak —— spoke become —— becametake —— took say —— said七、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。
比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。
than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。
2．形容词加er的规则：⑴一般在词尾加er ；⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级：good-better beautiful-more beautiful well-better, far-farther 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old______ young_____ tall_____ long_____short________ strong_____ big_____ small_____fat_____ thin______ heavy_____ light________nice______ good___ beautiful_______ low______ 、high_____ slow______ fast___ late______ early_____far_____ well_______八、人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词 I me my mineyou you your yourshe him his hisshe her her hersit it its itswe us our oursthey them their theirs现在（原形）过去 -ing形（动名词）am (be) was being are (be) were being be was, were being become became becoming begin began beginning bend bent bendingblow blew blowing buy bought buying catch caught catching choose chose choosing come came coming cut cut cutting do, does did doing draw drew drawing drink drank drinking eat ate eatingfeel felt feeling find found finding fly flew flying forget forgot forgetting get got getting give gave givinggo went goinggrow grew growing have, has had having hear heard hearing hurt hurt hurting keep kept keeping know knew knowing learn learned, learnt learninglet let letting lie lay lyingmake made making may might -----mean meant meaning meet met meetingput put putting read read readingride rode riding ring rang ringing run ran running say said sayingsee saw seeing sing sang singingsit sat sitting sleep slept sleeping speak spoke speaking spend spent spending 基数词序数词zero one first two secondthree third four fourth five fifth six sixth seven seventh eight eighth nine ninth ten tenth eleven eleventh twelve twelfth thirteen thirteenth fourteen fourteenth fifteen fifteenth seventeen seventeenth eighteen eighteenth nineteen nineteenth twenty twentieththirty thirtieth forty fortieth fifty fiftieth sixty sixtieth seventy seventieth eighty eightieth ninety ninetiethhundred hundredthMonday [/B]（星期一）[/B]Tuesday [/B]（星期二）[/B] Wednesday [/B]（星期三）[/B] [/B]Thursday[/B]（星期四）[/B] Friday [/B]（星期五）[/B] Saturday [/B]（星期六）[/B] [/B]Sunday [/B]（星期天） [/spring[/B]（春天）[/B] summer[/B]（夏天）[/B] fall[/B]（秋天）[/B] [/B]winter[/B]（冬天） [/B]season[/B]季节）[/B] Jan./January[/B]（一月）[/B] Feb./Fepuary[/B]（二月）[/B] Mar./March[/B]（三月） [/B]Apr./April[/B]（四月）[/B] May[/B]（五月）[/B] June[/B]（六月）[/B] July[/B]（七月）[/B] Aug./Augest[/B]（八月）[/B] Sept./September[/B]（九月）[/B] [/B]Oct./October[/B]（十月）[/B]Nov./November[/B]（十一月）[/B] [/B] Dec./December[/B]（十二月）一、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, push-pushes, watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice ;child-children;foot-feet,; tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ____be 是——was, were——beingbegin 开始——began——beginningbuild 建筑——built——buildingbuy 买——bought——buyingcan 能——could——无come 来——came——comingcopy 拷贝——copied——copyingdo 做——did——doingdraw 画——drew——drawingdrink 喝——drank——drinkingdrive 驾车——drove——drivingeat 吃——ate——eatingfeel 感觉——felt——feelingfind 找寻——found——findingfly飞——flew——flyingforget 忘记——forgot——forgettingget 得到——got——gettinggive 给予——gave——givinggo 去——went——goinggrow 成长——grew——growinghave 有——had——havinghear 听——heard——hearingkeep 保持——kept——keepingknow 知道——knew——knowinglearn学习—learnt, learned——learninglet 让——let——lettingmake 做——made——makingmay 可以——might——无mean 意思——meant－meaning meet 见面——met——meeting must 必须——must——无put 放——put——puttingread 读——read——readingride 骑——rode——ridingring 响——rang——ringingrun 跑——ran——runningsay 说——said——sayingsee 看见——saw——seeingsing 唱歌——sang——singingsit 坐——sat——sittingsleep 睡觉——slept——sleeping speak 讲话——spoke——speaking spend 花钱——spent——spending stand 站立——stood——standing sweep 打扫——swept——sweeping swim 游泳——swam——swimming take 拿到——took——takingteach 教——taught——teachingtell 讲述——told——tellingthink 思考——thought——thinkingwill 意愿——would——无write 写——wrote——writi名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。