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雅思阅读教材完整版

阅读20课时课程框架1- 2 英语基本概念+从句判断3- 4 配对题----heading题5- 6 配对题----which paragraph题+sentence ending题7-8 配对题----detail matching题+classify题9-10 判断题111-12 判断题213-14 摘要题+填空题15-16 选择题17-18 简答题19-20 平行阅读法英语基本概念(一)十大词性:八大句子成分:(二)句子核心:句子主干举例:长得乖巧的常被邻居夸奖但今天却被妈妈骂了的小明不开心地看似有点想不开的步履蹒跚地走过了这条五年前由他爸爸主持修建的桥。

主干:句子能称为句子,一定是有动词的。

造句练习:1.他造了一座桥。

2.他和我在一起。

1.2.五大基本句型 3.4.5.区分下列句式:(1) Xiaoming finds food bitter.(2) Xiaoming finds food bitterly.(3) Xiaoming finds his little sister some bitter food.造句并说明句型1.汽车使交通变得方便。

2.我给你找了个房子。

3.人们认为猴子很奇怪。

(三)长难句:1.加入复杂修饰成分:形容词,介词短语等2.加入复杂结构:插入语等3.合并多个句子:并列句& 主从句(四)从句概念:八大句子成分中,除谓语动词和补语外,当一个句子充当某成分时,该从句就叫做某某从句。

如一个句子做主语,则该从句叫主语从句。

1. ________从句+动词2. 实义动词+________从句主干性从句(五)六大从句判断标准 3. 系动词+________从句4. 具体名词+________从句5. 抽象名词+________从句修饰性从句6. ______从句,去掉不影响句子完整度(六)六大从句共同特点:1.有连词(可省略)且置于从句句首2.连词在句中做成分,有意思(that除外)3.从句用陈述语序(让步状语从句例外)验证:他住在哪里?我不知道他住在哪里。

总结:从句的位置是连词开始,到下一个动词或连词前结束(七)在长难句中找从句的方法:1.找动词----判断依据:有谓语动词的句子是一个分句,不是主句就是从句2.找连词----判断依据:从句有连词(可省略)且置于从句句首3.找从句----判断依据:连词开始,第二个动词前或下个连词前结束例1:In Africa I met a boy who was crying as if his heart would break and who said, when I spoke to him, that he was hungry because he had had no food for two days.去掉修饰性成分和修饰性从句外的主干为:例2:which去掉修饰性成分和修饰性从句外的主干为:(八)真题断句练习:1.An accident that occurred in the skies over the Grand Canyon in 1956 resulted in the establishmentof the Federal Aviation Administration to regulate and oversee the operation of aircraft in the skies over the United States, which were becoming quite congested.(C8T1P1)主干:2.Unprecedented construction of tens of thousands of monumental engineering projects designed tocontrol floods, protect clean water supplies, and provide water for irrigation and hydro-power brought great benefits to hundreds of millions of people. (C7T1P2)主干:3.At the height of the Roman, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-builtsewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today.(C7T1P2)主干:非谓语动词一、概念以动词do为例,写出所有该词的变形:非谓语形式:1、不定式:to do ----表示目的和将来2、现在分词: doing ----表示主动和进行3、过去分词:done ----表示被动和完成插入语插入语一般对一句话作一些附加的说明。

通常与句中其它部分没有语法上的联系,将它删掉之后,句子结构仍然完整。

插入语在句中有时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结;有时表达说话者的态度和看法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下,使句子衔接得更紧密一些。

掌握这一语言现象不仅有利于对英语句子等的理解,还有利于提高写作等的水平。

插入语的类型较多,常见的如下几种:一、副词(短语)作插入语。

能用作插入语的副词(短语)有:indeed,surely,still,otherwise,certainly,however,generally,personally,honestly,fortunately,luckily,though,besides,exactly,perhaps,maybe,probably,frankly,or rather等。

如:When he got to there,he found,however,that the weather was too bad.可是到了那儿之后他发现,那儿的天气太坏了。

Otherwise,he would still be at home. 不然的话,他还会在家的。

三、介词短语作插入语。

能用作插入语的介词短语有:in fact,in one’s opinion,in general,in a word,in other words,in a few words,of course,by the way,as a result,for example,on the contrary,on the other hand,to one’s surprise,in short,as a matter of fact,in conclusion,in brief等。

如:You can’t wait anymore-in other words,you should start at once. 你不能再等了——换言之,你得立即出发。

On the contrary,we should strengthen our corporation with them. 相反我们应加强和他们的合作。

四、V-ing(短语)作插入语。

能用作插入语的V-ing(短语)常见的有:generally speaking,strictly speaking,judging from by,talking of, considering等。

如:Generally speaking,the weather there is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer. 一般来说,那儿的气候冬天不太冷,夏天不太热。

五、阅读中出现大量插入语会增加理解障碍。

熟练掌握插入语,有利于分析句子结构,理解文章大意。

写作要求语言连贯、地道,恰当使用插入语,也可以给文章增色不少。

配对题----List of Heading一.题型介绍:List of Heading即段落大意题或者标题对应题,位置都是在所给文章的第一个题型考察,并且题的位置是放在文章之前。

这个题型是选出所给段落的大意,相当于中学语文的中心大意题,所以需要考生从宏观上理解段落大意,最好的方法是通过找一些主旨句子读懂文章段落的大意,如果没有主旨句子,需要考生自己总结段落大意,之后再浏览所给选项,选出大意最相近的选项。

List of Heading在阅读题型中考察幅度占30%,且可能一次考试中考两次甚至三次。

二.题型分布:三.思路与技巧1.注意事项段落大意题是理解性的题型,需注意:1)跟其他题型混合时,该题型一般会位于第一个题型,且常常位于文章之前,注意不要遗漏。

且文章的段落数与题目考查数量可能不对应,要注意考查的是哪几段。

2)虽然位于第一个题型,但切忌首先来做。

因为本题是阅读所有题型中唯一考查段落大意的题,当我们完成相应段落的细节题后,很可能该段的段落大意不需要刻意去找就可以很好理解,无需花费多余时间单独做。

(我们后面讲解的该题步骤和技巧都是基于细节题后没有判断出段落大意的其他方法)3)切忌先读题,后读文章。

因为先读题,考生往往会带着题干中的关键词去读文章,这样一旦这个关键词在段落中出现,可能会影响考生利用关键词做题,而不去读段落大意,造成错误。

例如:Section E (概括不是细节)It would have been easy to criticize the MIRTP for using in the early phases a 'top-down' approach, in which decisions were made by experts and officials before being handed down to communities, but it was necessary to start the process from the level of the governmental authorities of the district. It would have been difficult to respond to the requests of villagers and other rural inhabitants without the support and understanding of district authorities.(C7T2P3)总结:小标题与目标段落关键词相似度越高,正确的概率越低(排除本段反复出现的词作为段落标题的现象)2.做题步骤:1)看已给出的答案及文章标题,排除干扰选项,以防错选。

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