5557新标准大学英语视听说教程第三册听力材料文本Unit 1Listening inPassage oneInterviewer: Can you tell me…how do you think you have changed as you have matured?What thingshave had a major influence on you? Speaker 1 : Well, let me think…I suppose going to university had a big impact on my life. Itmade me much more open-minded. I met so manydifferent types of people there with weirdand wonderful ideas and it changed the wayI see the world. I’m much more tolerantnow… It made me a more rounded person. Interviewer: Great, and had any particular person had a central role in forming your character?Speaker 1: I guess that’d have to be my grandfather.I was very close to him, and he taught me tostand up for my beliefs. He was alwaystelling me about this…Interviewer: So what people or events have had an impact on your life?Speaker 2: I think that traveling my gap year made me grow up and see both the beauty of the worldand, well…just the generosity of ordinarypeople. I traveled a lot around Asia and youknow, I found that in some of the poorestcountries, like Cambodia and Laos, peopleshare whatever little they have, and theypossess a real joy for life. It’s probablymade me a less selfish person.Interviewer: Interesting…so you would recommend that young people take a gap year to discoverthemselves and the world?Speaker 2: Definitely. It gives you an opportunity to learn about the world beyond the one you grewup in and I found it really…Interviewer: Could you tell me what things in your life have had the greatest influence informing your personality?○Sp eaker 3: Well…a couple of years ago I was on a reality TV show where a group of young people alllived in a house together. Each week some onewas voted off by the audience. I got down tothe final three! I suppose being on the showand seeing how the other contestants behavedmade me realize how selfish and spiteful somepeople can be just to get what they want. Ialso realized it’s best to just be yourselfin life. If you pretend to be someonedifferent people will eventually see throughthe lies.Interviewer: Right…And how did you feel when you were eventually voted off?Speaker 3: Relieved, to be honest with you. But you know, a slight regret that I didn’t winbecause I kind of…Interviewer: So you can tell me, what one thing do you think that has had the biggest impact on yourlife?Speaker 4: Hmm, that’s a difficult question. But I think helping victims of the tsunami in 2004had a very great impact on me. I’m half Thaiand I’d just arrived in Thailand for afamily Christmas holiday. When I heard the news I knew Ihad to help-you couldn’t not. I ended up acting as an interpreter for a group of volunteer doctors.It was an incredibly difficult time but youknow, even in the middle of such a horrifictragedy there is still a huge amount ofgenuine human kindness.Interviewer: That’s amazing! And has it changed the way you view your future…Passage twoTony: Talking to us today in our Life Choices series is Joan Robinson, an academic counselor atManchester University. She gives advice to schoolstudents on choosing the right subject to studyat university. Joan, welcome to the show.Joan: Thanks Tony.Tony: So Joan, what do our listeners need to think about when choosing a course? It’s a huge, potentiallylife-changing decision, isn’t it?Joan: Yes. I generally give students advice in two areas.Firstly, know yourself, and secondly, think to thefuture.Tony: When you say “know yourself” what do you mean? Joan: Basically, I mean evaluate your own personal strengths and weaknesses, your personality traits（特质） and the things you like.Tony: I see…So how can our listeners do this?Joan: Well, start by asking yourself questions to help reflect on your life so far. For example, whatsubjects are you good at? Are you an organized andself-disciplined person? Are you confident andoutgoing? Do you like working with others in a teamor do you prefer working alone? These kinds ofquestions will help you discover more about yourself.Tony: Sounds like good advice. How about your second point regarding the future?Joan: Well, your choice of major subject is likely to have a significant impact on your future careerso it’s important to look into this carefully.I recommend you check not only which academicsubjects will help you get into a particular area of work, but also look carefully at whatuniversities offer. Each university has itsstrengths so try to choose one that is the best in your chosen field. Find out what links thedepartment has to related industries and leading companies in it.Tony: Good point. Now I’d like to take some calls from our listeners. First up we have James on the line.Hi, James! How can we help?James: Hi. I’m interested in career in IT and I’d like to ask Joan whether she thi nks it’s better to go to a highly respected university, like Oxford, or to study somewhere that has more of a vocational focus?Joan: Well, James, you know it really depends on what you expect to get out of a university and how you see your future. Basically a handful of thebrightest graduates are picked from the topuniversities around the world to join the leading IT companies. So I’d say if you’re a high-flyer then this is the route that might be for you. But if you are looking for a more mainstream （主流）career then you should consider a course thathelps you acquire practical, transferable skills that you can use in the workplace…and look atwhich universities have the best levels ofgraduate recruitment for the kind of job you are aiming for.James: I see! Thanks a lot. That really helps me out…UNIT3Listening in conversation 1Lily: So what was the highlight of your trip to (South)Korea?Hugh: Well that's…let me see...it's got to be going to see Nanta.Lily： What on earth is Nanta?Hugh：It's this amazing live show-part theater-part dance-part music.Lily: Sounds really interesting. But why’s it so brilliant?Hugh: I think it's the energy of the performers. Also it has a unique concept. It's a mixture oftraditional Korean music, percussion and drums,into a western style performanceLily: I've never heard of it. Has it ever been performed in the West?Hugh: Yeah, it's been a sell-out. They've toured in over30 countries since the show began in 1997.It'sa non-verbal performance so there are no languagebarriers. That's what's made it an internationalsuccess.Lily: What else makes it so special then?Hugh: Well...the other thing is that all the action takes place in the kitchen. You see these fourchefs preparing the food for a wedding reception.The performers use knives, dustbin lids andvarious other kitchen utensils to create ahypnotic soundtrack. The food literally flieseverywhere! It's hilarious.Lily: That sounds quite funny I must admit. Is there an actual story though?Hugh: Oh yes, there is a story. The four chefs have to prepare the meal by 6 o'clock and they also haveto give the manager's nephew cooking lessons too,which adds to the fun. There’s loads of audienceparticipation and despite there being nolanguage involved you get completely engrossed.It's really quite wacky!Lily: And what about the audience? I suppose they start throwing food around…?Hugh: Not quite! But they are totally involved in what's going on-everyone loves it. It's a really greatfamily show. In fact it's one of the best showsI've ever seen. Jim, my friend, says he takes allhis visitors. He's seen it about eight times andstill loves it.Lily: I bet it's popular with tourists then.Hugh: Well apparently over a million foreign tourists in (South)Korea have seen the show and it's hada run on Broadway too. It first got popular afterthey appeared at the Edinburgh Festival. Now theyare planning to tour more cities in Asia where(South) Korean popular culture is becomingincredibly trendy.Lily： By the wa y what does“Nanta” mean?Hugh：It means random drumming in Korean. The English name for the show is Cookin’, which gives youa clearer idea of what it's all about.Lily： You've got me interested now. I'll have to check it out on the internet.Listening inConversation 2Interviewer: Kathy Richards is a specialist art tour guide. Kathy-can you tell us what trendsyou've noticed in recent years?Kathy: Well, one of the biggest phenomena I've noticed is a huge increase in visitors togalleries-and a growing interest in modernart in general.Interviewer: What do you think the reason is for that? Kathy: Well, there are several reasons, I think. The most important ones are firstly, that somenew contemporary art galleries have openedwhich have had a lot of publicity, andsecondly the younger generation feel morecomfortable with modern art so the kind ofpeople visiting galleries is changing.Finally, the new generation of gallerieshave become destinations inthemselves...they tend to be housed inamazing buildings.Interviewer: So which are the most popular new galleries?Kathy: Well, the Tate Modern in London has had over30 million visitors since it opened in2000.The annual average is now over 4.5million. The Museum of Modern Art, or MoMAin New York is an older gallery, it was founded in 1929 but has been recently renovated and expanded. This work was finished in 2006 and it had over 2.5 million visitors in the firstyear after reopening. Another verysuccessful new gallery is the Guggenheim inBilbao in Spain. It opened in 1997 and nowgets about a million visitors a year. Interviewer: Those are pretty impressive figures.Maybe the fact that the Tate Modern is freeto visit might have something to do with it? Kathy: It's true that entrance to the permanent collection is free but the numbers of peoplevisiting the temporary exhibition are alsohigh-and the entrance fee is usually aboutten pounds.Interviewer: Do you have to pay to get into the other galleries you mentioned?Kathy: Oh yes. You do. Admission to MoMA is 20 US dollars and the Guggenheim in Bilbao costseight euros.Interviewer: Do people mind paying, do you think? Kathy: No, I don't think they do mind. Most people feel the fees are reasonabl e considering theoutstanding collections of priceless worksof art that they get to see.Interviewer: You mentioned that the buildings that art galleries are in can be an attractionthemselves these days...Kathy: Well, yes, the Guggenheim has literally revitalized the whole city and put Bilbao onthe tourist map. It's got a futuristic, curvymetallic structure and people love it. TheTate Modern has helped redevelop an oldindustrial area beside the River Thames. Thegallery itself is actually inside a huge , old, brick power station.And MoMA is interesting as it's in downtown New York. Interviewer: And who visits these galleries? What's the profile of the average art lover?Kathy: Well, in the past museums and galleries were seen as appealing to the older generation.But in fact, 48 percent of visitors to theTate Modern are under 35...UNIT5Listening in 1Today we’ll focus on two aspects of group behaviour.Firstly,how groups develop,and secondly,the roles individuals play within a group.It’s widely acknowledged that the performance of effective groups is often greater than the sum of the individuals in the group.This is due to what we call synergy-in other words,the extra energy and effevtiveness that people create when they work together.Early research in this field carried out in the 1930s by Elton Mayo discovered something that he called the “Hawthorne effect”.The idea is that when individual know they are part of a study,their productivity automatically increases regardless of other factors,such as how much time or money they are given,for example.The research suggests that things like personal identity,s elf-esteem and the social context in which a group is working are really very important factors in improving the performance of individuals.If we move on to look at the nature of groups more closely,we find that groups have natural phasese that can help us understand their effectiveness.You have probably all had experience of working with other people in a group that,at firsl,wasn,t very productive.This phenomenon was studied by Tuckman in the 1960s,and he created a model to describe the stages of a group.The first stage is known as”Forming”which is when individual members get to know each other.This is followed by”Storming”when individual start to share their ideas and creative energy.The third phase is”Norming”where a group identity begins to form.The final stage is”Performing”when individuals within the group work together.And it is at this stage that the group achieves results.Understanding these phases can help us ensure that members of a group work together to overcome early loner.The”Resource investigator”is the group member who is always curious and explores new ideas and the”Monitorevaluator”is calm and serous and makes good,balanced decisions.The”Team worker”in c ontrast is a socially orientated and sensitive member of the team who is able to encourage a team spirit.And the”Comleter-finisher”is a conscientious perfectionist who follows through on the details and ties up and loose ends.To be effective,a team needs to have a variety of members who can fulfill all these different roles.Listening in 2Today I'm reporting from Phuket in Southern Thailand.Parts of the island were devastated by thetsunami in 2004,and over 250 people lost their lives here. I've come back to see how one community has recovered.Here in the village of The Chat Chai,the rebuilding of the destroyed homes has been led by the international organazition Habitat for Humanity.About a year after the tsunami occurred,volunteers began building 36 new homes for local families.One villager,Somwang,is certainly very happy with the results.He used to live in a small hut on his two square metre plot of land near the sea.The local community wanted him to have a bigger home and despite the small size of his plot of land,t hey built him a three-storey house,which is now the tallest in the village. A happy ending to such a horrific tragedy. The rebuilding here has also had a positive effect on the local economy,because the earth bricks that were used to build the homes were produced in Khao Lak,another tsunami hit island——all part of a post-tsunami livelihood development project.Talking to people here,I've discovered that the project not only provided them with much needed shelter,but also the process has helped rebuild a spirit of community amongst them.A host of foreign as well as local volunteers joined together to work in rebuilding the villagers' homes and lives,and even an American TV celebrity volunteered.The project has also been visited by former US president Jimmy Carter,who is an active supporter of Habitat for Humanity.He and his wife offer one week of their time every year to volunteer on construction projects around the world.It's certainly encouraging to see the strength of the human spirit and generosity of people who help others in times of need.Habitat for Humanity is continuing their work in the south of Thailand,helping poor local families and communities to improve their lives.Their "Save&Bulid" scheme encourages families to save 30 per cent of the cost of building or rebuilding their home.The charity then lends the family the rest of the money they need,and helps in the building of their new home.It's then paid for in monthly repayments of under ＄30,which supports those who want to build a better life for themselves.This is Marianne Harper reporting from Southern Thailand...Uint 9Listening inPart 1OK,so a littletest .Coca-Cola...Nike...ferrari.Think!What image did you get as I said these very famous brand names?Wait a moment.There’s no real need to answer,isthere,because we know,more or less,don’twe?Coca-Cola—that delicious fizzy drink,ice cold,on a summer’s day. Nike, running shoes forstrong,beautiful bodies.Ferrari—anattractive,powerful car for attractive,powerful people.The fact, the names, the brand names say it all.what’s in a brandname?Ideally,everything!Everything the manufacturer wants you to think of when you hear the name.that’s certainly what both customers’exeprience and researchtells us.it’s the reasons why manufa cturers attach such importance to choosing the right name for their products.Let’s have a look at some of the qualities a good brand name should have.Firstly ,it should be simple and easy to remember.Imagine if Coca-Cola had been namd “Cocafantaslicola”.I t’s just too long!Or,take other name—starbucks,the name of a famous coffee shop.now,that’s an easy name to remember,starbucks. Second point,the brand name should bedifferent,unique,something you can’t confuse with anything else.Like Coca-Cola.Or—let’s tak e another famous brand name—Microsoft.It combines two words,micro,meaning very small,and the word soft.Two words that together make a unique name—Microsoft. Thirdly,if the word is a real word,it should be strong,positive associations.Take the name Alfa Romeo,Alfa is the first letter of the Greek alphabet and has the association of the best or thestronges t.Romeo is the name of the most romantic lovers of all in a famous Shakespeare play.Alfa Romeo—strong,romantic.The words have great association,don’t the y?Forth point,the sound of the name is very important.take Ferrari.The word has a long vowel sound—“aaari”—that makes it sound luxurious.So Ferrari must be a luxurious car.How aboutCoca-Cola?It’s got a sharp,fizzy sound,just like the drink.So—all these things are what you should be looking for when choosing a brand name—somethingsimple,memorable,unique,with positive association and a great sound.whew!It’s not easy,is it,to choose a name that does all those things?But the very best brand names do exactly that.Part 2Interviewer: Clare, tell me about the names in your family. You say some of them have quite an interesting history.Clare: Yes, they do. Well, ok, I’ll begin with my own name. My maiden name was Habibis, but I’m married and my name’s Clare T hompson.Interviewer: Thompson.Clare: Yes. I don’t know much about the names or my husband’s side of the family, so I’ll talk about my own instead…OK, so…my full name’s Clare Elsie Thompson. “Elsie” is my middle name , which used to be a very old-fashioned name. in fact, it’s just come back into fashion-I met someone who called their baby ”Elsie”-but when I was younger it was the kind of name that made people laugh and I hated it.. Anyway, my parents wanted to name me after my grandmother, whose name was Elsie Clare, so their first idea was to call me Elsie Clare.Interviewer: Elsie Clare!Clare: Yes, but when they told my grandmother, she was horrified, and said, “you can’t do that to the child, I’ve had to put up with Elsie all my life, I don’t wa nt her to have to” . So they called me Clare Elsie instead.Interviewer: Sounds better!Clare: Yes…My father’s surname is Habibis . My mum’s English but he was Greek, so that was the name I grew up with. But Habibis isn’t a Greek name. It’s a Middle Easter n name and means “loved one” in Arabic. Interviewer: Really?Clare: Yes, and the reason for the surname, we discovered, is that my great-grandfather on my father’s side lived in Lebanon—there was a well-established Greek community there. And my great-grandfather was a very sociable, friendly kind of person and everyone liked him a lot so they gave him the name, “Habibi”,which means “loved one”Interviewer: Ah, that’s lovely!Clare: Yes, I do like that story. But my father had a great first name too. He was called Homer, after the Ancient Greek poet.Interviewer: The English would see that as a very unusual name, but I suppose the Greeks wouldn’t, would they?Clare: No, I don’t think so. But one of his brothers was called Mitton.Interviewer: Mitton , the 17th century English poe t? Clare: Yes. And you wouldn’t think that a Greek family would call their son after an English poet, would you? But they did!Unit 10Inside viewConversation 1Andy: So today, we're meant to be meeting a woman who does walking tours aroundmysterious London.Janet: What's that about?Joe: Aha! That's what we're going to find out. Apparently, she takes visitors round the mysterious sights of London. Anyway, ask her yourself!Janet: Why me?Andy: We were going to ask you, Janet, if you like to do the interview？Janet: Me? But I don't know anything about London! Andy: Which makes you a perfect person to ask some real questions.Janet: I don't believe it.Joe: And if you're any good, we'll upload your interview next week.Janet: I'm not sure what to say .It's great but are you absolutely sure you think I'm OK for this?Joe: Too late, here she comes. Hi, this is Janet……Janet: Emma, tell us about some of the legendary characters in London.Emma: Well, legendary characters might be complete myths or they may have actually existed. For example, most people believe that the famous detective Sherlock Holmes must have existed. But in fact, we know he can't have existed.Janet: And what about Guy Fawkes?Emma: Yes, Guy Fawkes did actually exist and he tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament. But we celebrate him every year on Guy Fawkes Night every 5th of November, and in fact, he's considered to be one of the most popular people in British history!Janet: And I've heard something about Dick Whittington and his cat?。