高中英语学习材料（灿若寒星*制作整理）必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern heroI 单元基础知识一核心单词1．________ n．质量；品质；性质2．________ vi.逃脱；逃走；泄露3．________ n．意见；看法；主张4．________ n．& vt.进攻；攻击；抨击5．________ vt.酬劳；奖赏n．报酬；奖金6．________ vi.乞求；请求7．________ n．律师8．________ vt.建立；建设9．_______ n．残忍；残酷10．________ n．暴力；暴行11．________ adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的12．________ adj.法律的；合法的13．________ adj.积极的；活跃的14．________ v．投票；选举n．投票；选票；表决15．________ adj.自私的16．________ adj.平等的；相等的17．________ adj.慷慨的；大方的18．________ adj.不公平的；不公正的19．________ vt.献身；专心于(与to连用)20．________ vt.教育二.高频短语1．丧失勇气或信心________2．处于麻烦中________3．担心________4．失业________5．事实上 ________6．使充气；使爆炸________7．把……投进监狱________8．当权________9．设立；建立________10．实现某人……的梦想________11．在……中活跃 ________12．致力于________13．以和平的方式 ________14．对……抱有希望________15．愿意……________16．求助于________17．积极参与________18．被判处……________19．能胜任________20．投票支持________三．重点句型（填空）1．He _____ _____ _____ his time, for ______ I was grateful.他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。
2．I worried about ________ I would become out of work.我担心我会不会失业。
3．The last thirty years ________(see)the greatest number of laws ________(stop) our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage ________ we have almost no rights at all.过去的三十年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
4．Only then ________ we decide to answer violence ________ violence.只有到了这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
5．I did not work again for twenty years ________ Mr. Mandela and the ANC ________ ________ ________ in 1994.在曼德拉先生和非洲国民大会于1994年掌政之前，我有20年没有工作。
II. 考点精析及演练1.devote vt. 献身于；致力于归纳拓展(1)devote ... to ... 把……献给……be devoted to ... 致力于……；专心于……(2)devoted adj. 深爱的；忠实的devotion n. 奉献；忠诚含介词to的短语：be/get used/accustomed to习惯于lead to 导致pay attention to 注意object to 反对be opposed to 反对look forward to 期望get down to 开始认真做stick to 坚持即时应用：用所给动词的适当形式填空。
①Mr.Reed devoted all he had to ________(set) up several schools forchildren in poor areas.②As soon as she returned home, she got down to ________(prepare) lunch for her children.③The discovery of new evidence led to the thief ________ ________(catch)．④Her son, to whom she ________ ________(devote), went abroad last year.2．reward n. 报酬；奖赏；回报vt. 报答；奖励归纳拓展(1)reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而报答某人reward sb. with sth. 用……犒赏某人(2)as a reward for 作为回馈/酬谢/奖赏ask no reward 不计报酬give/offer/pay/put up a reward to sb. for sth. 因某事而给某人报酬earn/enjoy/get/obtain/receive reward for sth. 因某事而得到报答或报酬in reward (for) 作为(对……的)报答即时应用完成句子。
①He was presented with a gold watch ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.作为对他服务的报酬，他获赠一块金表。
②She offered ________ ________ ________ ________ for the lost necklace.她为丢失的项链悬赏500美元。
③Youyou Tu ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for discovering artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin, making her one of the greatest women in the world.因为发现青蒿素，屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔医学奖，她成为了世界上的伟大女性之一。
3．escape n. & vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露vt. 逃脱归纳拓展(1)escape from 从……逃离escape doing sth. 逃避做某事escape one's notice/memory 逃过某人的注意/被某人遗忘(2)have a narrow escape＝narrowly escape from being killed 九死一生；幸免于难make one's escape from 逃离；逃脱4．equal adj. 相等的；平等的；能胜任的vt. 比得上；抵得上n. 同等之人或物归纳拓展(1)be equal to 与……相等；能胜任；能应付A equalsB in... A在……方面比得上Bwithout equal 无比；无敌on equal terms with sb. 与某人处于平等地位(2)equally adv. 同样(程度)地；平均地equality n. 同等；平等5．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张归纳拓展in sb.'s opinion/in the opinion of sb. 在某人看来；根据某人的意见give one's opinion about 发表看法have a good/high/bad/low/poor opinion of＝think well/highly/much/badly/little of 对……评价高/低即时应用完成句子。
①In my view, you should ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.我认为你应征求你父母的意见。
②________ ________ ________，it is very important to have a good command of a foreign language.在我看来，掌握一门外语非常重要。
③The teacher ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.老师对他评价很高。
④Would you please ________ ________ ________ ________ the local government?请你发表对当地政府看法，好吗？6.out of work 失业归纳拓展out of sight 看不见out of mind 心不在焉out of debt 不欠债；还清债务out of date 过时；过期out of danger 脱离危险out of order 坏了out of shape 变形out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 不可能7．in trouble 在困境中归纳拓展ask for trouble 自寻烦恼；自讨苦吃make trouble 捣乱；制造麻烦get (sb.) into trouble(使某人)陷入困境make/cause trouble for sb. 给某人惹麻烦have some/no trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有(没有)困难take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛苦做某事即时应用完成句子。
①You are just ________ ________ ________ if you don't pay attention to safety.如果你不注意安全，只会自讨苦吃。
②The naughty boy is always ________ ________，but now he is really ________ ________.那个调皮的男孩总是捣乱，但他现在真得有麻烦了。
③The last thing I want to do is to ________ ________ ________ ________.我最不想给他惹麻烦。