人教版八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】Unit 1一、词组、短语:1、go on vacation去度假,2、stay at home 呆在家,3、go to the mountains 上山/进山,4、go to the beach到海边去,5、visit museums 参观博物馆,6、go to summer camp 去夏令营,7、quite a few 相当多,8、study for为……学习,9、go out 出去,10、most of the time大部分时间/绝大多数时间,11、taste good 尝起来味道好,12、have a good time玩的开心,13、of course当然可以,14、feel like感觉像……/想要,15、go shopping购物,16、in the past 在过去,17、walk around绕……走,18、too many 太多(可数名词前面),19、because of 因为,20、one bowl of 一碗……,21、find out 查出来/发现,22、go on继续,23、take photos 照相,24、something important重要的事情,25、up and down上上下下,26、come up出来二、习惯用法、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起来13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢?15. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事三、重点句子1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的?1)这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句。
Where用来询问地点或场所,用于句首,其后跟一般疑问句。
如:Where are you from? Where does he live?2)go on vacation“去度假”He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假。
【解析】 vacation [v?'ke??n] n 假期 = holidayon vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 winter vacation 寒假summer vacation 暑假①I have a lot of _______________every year . (vacation)( ) ②— Where did Sarah go on vacation? — She went to America.A.on vacationB. take a vacationC. is on vacationD. is for vacation2、Did you go with anyone?你和别人一起去的吗?这是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句。
当含有实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句变为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词did,此时后面的实义动词应用原形。
其句型结构为“did+主语+动词原形+其它?”,肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”,否定回答为“No,主语+didn′t”·基本用法pron. anyone 任何人,相当于anybody,通常用在否定句、疑问句或条件从句中。
如: I won?t tell anyone I saw you here. 我不会告诉任何人我在这儿见过你。
Why would anyone want that job? 为什么会有人想要那份工作呢?知识拓展---同类词Some - any- no- every-指人 someone 有人 anyone 任何人 anybody no one 没有人nobody everyone 人人 everybody指物 something 某物 anything 任何事 nothing 没有事everything 一切事指地点 somewhere 某地 anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 无处,没有地方everywhere 到处注意:(1)由some-, any-, no-, every-构成的符合不定代词作主语时,都作单数看待,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
(2)不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后,作后置定语。
如:I?d like something to drink. 我想要些喝的。
Is there anything interesting in the book? 这本书中有有趣的东西吗?小结:【解析1】someone [s?mw?n] pron 某人anyone [eniw?n] pron 任何人everyone [evriw?n] pron 每人,人人my uncle 看望了我的叔叔visit是及物动词,意为“拜访;探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词。
visit还可以意为“参观;游览”,后接表示地点的名词。
a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去______了我的外婆。
b. you want to visit Shanghai? 你想______上海吗?拓展:visitor意为“参观者;游客”。
These visitors come fromanything special 买特别的东西。
(P2)1)buy及物动词,意为“买;购买”。
其过去式为______。
拓展:buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 意为“给某人买某物”。
My uncle_____ _____a bike.= My uncle_____ _____for me.2)anything不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。
a.Do you want to buy anything for me? can?t say anything about it.3)anthing special表示“特别的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时后置。
Is there________ ________in this book?这本书里有新的内容吗?, did you go anywhere interesting?哦,你去有趣的地方了吗?(P2)1)本句是did开头的一般疑问句2)anywhere用作副词,意为“在任何地方”。
eg:Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation?辨析:anywhere与somewhereanywhere意为“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。
eg:I can?t find it anywhere.somewhere意为“在某处;到某处”,常用于肯定句中。
eg:I lost my key somewhere near here.took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。
(P2)take photos 意为“照相;拍照”。
eg:We______ ______on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。
辨析:quite a few与quite a littlequite a few 意为“很多;不少”,修饰可数名词复数;quite a little 意为“很多;不少”,修饰不可数名词。
a. He stays here for _____ _____ _____days.is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle(瓶子).6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息。
(P2)most of the time意为“大部分时间”,其中most为代词,意为“大部分;大多数”拓展most of…意为“……中的大多数”,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of 后所修饰的名词。
of us_____(be)going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。
b. Most of the food_____(go)bad. 大部分的食物都变质了。
7.Everything tasted really good!所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃!(P3)taste在此为系动词,意为“尝起来”,其后接形容词构成系表结构。
a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。
8. Did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很开心吗?(P3)have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心(+ doing)eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall. = We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样?(P3)How do/did you like……? 意为“你觉得……怎么样?”,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当What do you think of……?eg: How do you like your new job? = _____ _____ _____ _____ your new job? you go shopping? 你们去购物了吗?(P3)go shopping意为“去购物;去买东西”,同义短语为do some shopping.eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。