高中英语语法复习学案教师版——动词的时态和语态动词的时态一、一般体考点（一）一般现在时1. The geography teacher told us that the earth moves (move) around the sun.2. Water boils (boil) at 100 ℃.3.The careless driver has just been fined $ 10 for stopping his car at a sign that reads (read) “NO PARKING”.4. Whatever you say (say), I will not change my mind.5. Don’t try to run before you begin (begin) to walk.6. I’ll go with you if I finish (finish) my work.【总结】1．定义：表示现在的经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。
时间状语：every day; often; usually; always; seldom; sometimes2. 一般现在时可以表示客观事实或普通真理。
3. 在让步、时间和条件状语从句中以及主语是祈使句时常用一般现在时代替将来时。
（二）一般过去时1. --- Nancy is not coming tonight. --- But she promised (promise)!2. My uncle didn’t marry (marry) until he was forty-five.3. --- You haven’t said a word about my new car, Brenda. Do you like it?--- I’m sorry I didn’t say (not say) anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you.4. --- Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something.--- Oh, how nice of you! I never thought (think) you were (be) going to bring me a gift.5. --- Your phone number again! I didn’t catch (not catch) it. --- It’s 9598442.【总结】定义：过去某一时间发生的动作或所处的状态。
含有“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已经不这样。
时间状语：then; at that time; just now; three days ago; yesterday; when 或while 引导的表示过去的时间状语从句（三）一般将来时【总结】1. 定义：将来某一时刻要发生的动作或所处的状态。
时间状语：soon; next week; tomorrow 等2. be to + 动词原形的用法：(1) You are to do your homework before you watch TV. = have to / must “必须“(2) You are to report the police. = should / ought to “应该”(3) If we are to be there before 10, we’ll have to go now. = intend / want “打算；想”(4) What are we to do next？用于第一人称疑问句中，表示征求对方意见。
(5) You are not to smoke in the room. = mustn’t “禁止”，用于否定句中(6) The news is to be found in the evening newspaper. = may / can “可以；可能”【题组训练】1. If a man is to succeed (succeed), he must work as hard as he can.2. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to watered if they are to survive (survive).3. Look at these clouds. It is going to rain (rain).4. --- You’ve left the light on. --- Oh, so I have. I will go (go) and turn it off.二、进行体考点1. As she was / is reading (read) the newspaper, Grammy fell / falls (fall) asleep.2. The reporter said that the UFO was travelling (travel) east to west when he saw (see) it.3. He is always thinking (think) of others first.4. He is always making (make) the same mistake.5. --- Have you moved into the new house. --- Not yet. The rooms are being painted (pain).6. Shirley was writing (write) a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.7. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is not easy task because technology is changing (change) so rapidly.8. I don’t really work here. I am just helping (help) out until the new secretary arrives.【总结】1. 定义1）现在进行时：说话时或现阶段正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
2）过去进行时：过去某个时刻或阶段正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
2. 时间状语1）现在进行时：now; right now等2）过去进行时：at this time yesterday等3. 一个长动作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作用进行体，短动作用一般体。
4. 进行体表示反复出现或习惯性动作，含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪。
常与always; continually; constantly等连用。
5. 进行体表示动作的未完成性、暂时性。
三、完成体考点2（一）现在完成时1. In the past few years, great changes have taken (take) place in my hometown.2. He has been (be) busy writing a book recently.3. He has written (write) 8 books so far.4. He has already turned (turn) off the light. (the light is off now)5. Has the concert started (start) yet? (Is the concert on now?)6. I have never seen (see) the film. (I don’t know the film now)7. I will not believe you unless I have seen (see) it with my own eyes.8. I will go with you as soon as I have finished (finish) my work.9. 改错1) He has come to Beijing since last year.He has been / lived in Beijing since last year.He came to Beijing last year.2) He has joined the army for 3 years.He has served in the army for 3 years.He joined the army 3 years ago.He has been a soldier for 3 years.It is / has been three years since he joined the army.【总结】1. 定义和时间状语：1）表示一个动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，（也许还将持续下去）。
时间状语：lately; recently; in the last / past few years, since then; up to now; so far 等2.) 一个发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。
时间状语：already; just; yet; never; before 等2. 在条件、时间或让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已经完成的动作3. 瞬间动词用完成时态不可以接一段时间的状语瞬间动词有：come; go; get to / reach / arrive in / arrive at; leave; buy; sell; open; close; get up; join / take part in; begin / start; return; give; borrow; lend; become; turn; bring; take; die; finish / end; receive / hear form; marry; break; lose; jump(二) 过去完成时1. She had learned (learn) some English before she came to the institute.2. He said that he had been (be) around for 3 years.3. By then he had learned (learn) English for 3 years.4. Until then he had known (know) nothing about it yet.5. I had meant (mean) to help you, but I was so busy at the moment.6. I had hoped (hope) to meet Mr. Smith this morning, but I found nobody left in the room.【总结】1. 定义：一件事情发生在过去，而另外一件发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。