第四章增词1.Histories make men wise; poems witty; the mathemat ics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; lo gic and rhetoric able to contend.历史使人明智；诗词使人灵秀；数学使人周密；自然哲学使人深刻；伦理使人庄重；逻辑修辞学使人善辨。
2.Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. -Bacon阅读使人充实，交谈使人机智，写作使人精确。
3.Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.勇敢过度即成蛮勇，感情过度即成溺爱，节俭过度即成贪婪。
4.We won’t retreat, we never have and never will.我们不后退，我们从来没有退过，我们将来也不后退5.Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talk ed, laughed, proposed healths.热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是上菜又是切面包；谈呀，笑呀，敬酒呀，忙个不停。
6.The KODAK Fiche reader 321A is easy to operate v ersatile, compact and has a pleasing modern design.柯达321A型微胶片阅读器操作简便，功能齐全，结构紧凑，造型美观。
7.The pupil of the eye responds to the change of light intensity.瞳孔随光线的强弱变化而缩小放大。
8.Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.海洋与其说是分割了世界不如说是连接了世界。
9.The planet we live on is not just a ball of in ert material.我们居住的星球并不仅仅是一个有惰性物质组成的球体。
10.The early release of the crew alone would defuse these cries.只需尽快释放船员才能解除危机。
1.And1）The sun came out and the grass dried.太阳一出，草就干枯了。
2）I went to his house,and he came to mine.我上他家去，而他却到我家来。
3）Rust is abrasive and can cause damage to the injection components.锈具有腐蚀性，所以能损坏喷射元件。
4）He is so rich and lives like a beggar.他那么有钱，却生活得像个乞丐。
5）The solution was to6）Chemical splashes can cause eye irritation and permanent eye damage.化学制品的溅沫会使眼睛发炎，甚至会造成永久性伤害。
7）He analyzed the dependence of P on temperature and concluded that P decreased with8）These parts are made of woods or plastics and not metals.这些零件是用木材或塑料制成的，而不是金属制成的。
9）This means drying the oil before it enters the system and, to be sensible, ensuring that the air above the oil is dry. 这就意味着在润滑油进入系统之前就要将其擦拭干，明智地说，也就是要确保润滑油上面的空气干燥。
2.When1)We’ll go to the countryside at the beginning of June, when the summer harvest will start.我们6月初要下乡去，那时夏收就要开始了。
2) I stayed till noon, when I went home.我一直呆到中午，然后就回家了。
3) When the teacher had left the classroom, the pupils started talking.老师离开教室以后，学生们就喧哗起来。
4) When that man says “To tell the truth”, I suspect that he‘s about to tell a lie.每当那人开口一句“老实说”，我就怀疑他要撒谎。
5) Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.万一机器发生什么故障，就把电门关上。
6) Insurance companies are obliged to recover the cost of everything insured when it is lost or damaged during the valid period of insurance.投了保的任何物品，如果在保险期内丢失或损害，保险公司要负责赔偿。
7) When there is really planned and proportionate development ,our national economy will achieve sustained, stable and high-speed growth.我国的国民经济只要真正做到有计划、按比例地发展，就能够实现持续、稳定、高速的增长。
8) When you cross the river you are safe.你一旦过了河，便安全了。
9)How can I convince him when he won’t listen?他连听都听不进，我又怎么能说服他呢？10) He usually walks when he might ride.虽然有车可乘，他通常总是步行。
11. They had only three transistors when they needed five.他们需要5只晶体管，可是只有3只。
12. Why are you here when you should be in school?你本该在学校里的，却为何在这里？13. When I am opposed to such actions on general principles, how can I make this case an exception?我明明在总的原则上反对这类行为，又怎能对此事例外呢？14. How could you do it when you knew that this might damage the apparatus? 既然你知道这样会损坏仪器，怎么还这样干？15. When one is older, one is also more experienced.一个人的经验随年龄的长大而增长。
st1. He is the last man to accept a bribe.他决不会受贿。
2. He is the last man for such a job. 他最不适合这项工作。
3. He is the last man to consult.他根本不值得请教。
4. Bikini was the last thing she’d like to wear.她最不喜欢穿比基尼泳装。
5. He should be the last man to blame.怎么也不应该责备他。
6. This is the last place where I expected to mee t you.怎么也没想到我会在这个地方见到你。
7. Money is the last thing he wants, and you won’t succeed by offering it.他决不想要你的钱，你给他钱也白搭。
8.This would be the last place the colonialists wou ld leave,for in it lay riches and natural resources.这是殖民主义者最不愿意离开的地方，因为这里的自然资源极为丰富。
4.Well1.The bridge was so well built that it lasted for 1 00 years.桥建得很牢，至少能用100年。
2.The demand for electricity may get well below the average level.电的需求量可能远远低于平均水平。
3. Radar waves go through clouds or fog quite well , whereas light waves do not.雷达波能非常容易地穿过云和雾，而光波却不行。
4. This paper is well written except for a little miscalculation.这篇论文写得不错，不过有一点儿计算失误。
5. The temperature is well above the set value. 温度大大高于定值。
6. The house is well situated.房屋的地理位置十分优越。
7. Shake the bottle well before experiment.实验之前将瓶内液体摇晃均匀。
8. It may well be true.这很可能是真的。
9. Plants can’t grow well in the absence of water. 没有水植物就不能茁壮生长。
10. Examine the account well before you pay it.付款之前须仔细核实账目。
5.Available1.The book was not available in the library when I wanted to borrow it.我去借书时，图书馆里没有这本书。