代词一：指示代词1.指示代词有this , that , these , those , such , same.2.指示代词的用法:(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事. 物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.2.指示代词的用法:(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事.物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.(2). 在打电话时,英语中常用this代替自己,that代替对方.例如:A: May I speak to Mr. Zhang, please?B: This is Zhang Ming speaking. Who’s that.(3). Such表示“如此,这样的人或事”.I have never seen such an interesting film before.(4). Same 表示“ 同样的人和物”,前面必须加the.例如:They arrived there at the same time.Lucy and Lily are in the same class.They do the same thing everyday.经典例析1.The weather in Australia is quite different from ___ of Shijiazhuang.A. itB. thatC. thoseD. ones2. The cars made in Japan are much cheaper than __ made in America.A. onesB. thoseC. thatD. it3.Can you believe that in _____ a rich country there should be ____ manypoor people ?A. such ; suchB. such ; soC. so ; soD. so ; such4. ---Hello! May I speak to Jim, please?--- Speaking. ___________?A. how are youB. Is that MikeC. are you JimD. who are you5. There are more people in Shanghai than in Tianjin. (同义句)The ____________ of shanghai is _______ than ______ of Tianjin.6. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.(同义句)I have _______ read _______ an interesting book before.二：不定代词1.不定代词主要有: each , every , both，all , either , neither , none , one , few ,a few , little , a little, many , much, other , another , some , any , no 以及some , any, no 和thing构成的合成词.不定代词的用法(1). Some , any , something , anything① Some和something多用于肯定句中.当说话人期望得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时,some , something可用于疑问句中,而不用any 和anything.例如:②any和anything一般用于否定句.疑问句和条件句中.例如:1. Please ask the teacher if you have any questions to ask.2.There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.3. He is taller than any other boy in his class.注意事项1.形容词或不定式修饰不定代词时,作后置定语.★Be quiet ! I have something important to tell you.2. 不定代词作主语时谓语用单数.★Listen ! Someone is singing in the next room.3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句应用肯定．He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?The police found nothing in the room.=The police didn’t find anything in the room.3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句应用肯定．He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?The police found nothing in the room.=The police didn’t find anything in the room.1.I have some questions to ask you.2.There is something wrong with my watch. It doesn’t work.3.---Would you like something to drink ?--- No, thanks.4.---May I ask you some questions ?---Certainly. What’s it ?5.---Can I have some meat ?---Sure, here you are.三：经典例析1.Be quiet, boys and girls . I have ____to tell you.A. important somethingB. something importantC. anything importantD. important anything2. ---I feel a bit hungry.---Why don’t you have ____ bread?A. anyB. someC. littleD. a3. The teacher said nothing at the meeting yesterday .(同义句)The teacher ______ say __________ at the meeting yesterday.(2). each 与everyeach指两者或两者当中的人或事物中的每一个.every指三者或三者当中的每一个.each “每个,各,各自的”,强调个体;every强调整体,表示“每个都”.★There are many trees and flowers on each side of the street.★Every student has read this story.经典例析1.---How often are the Olympic Gams held?---______ four years.A. EveryB. EachC. InD. For2.There are many trees on ____ side of the street.A. allB. everyC. neitherD. each(3).both 与all ; neither 与either，both 表示“两者都”,常与and连用,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.all指“三者或三者以上的全体”.例如:Both mother and father are teachers.They all like this story.either指“两个之间,其中的一个”,常与or搭配使用:either …or…意为“不是……就是; 或者……或者”.而neither是指“两个人或事物中一个也不”,是both 的全盘否定,常与nor搭配.either…or…和neither…nor…连接的并列结构作主语时,谓语坚持就近原则★Neither people nor plants can live without water or air.★There is only one seat here, either you or I can take it.经典例析1.They were all asleep. _____ of themheard the sound.A. AllB. BothC. NoneD. Neither2.Both of them are right.(同义句)_________ of them _____ wrong.3.All of us have been to Shanghai. (否定句)______ of us ____ been to Shanghai.4. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars.____ of them have set a good example to us.A. AllB. NeitherC. BothD. None5.---Can you come and give us a talk on Thursday or Friday?---I’m afraid ____ day is possible.A. eitherB. neitherC. everyD. any6.---May I use your pen?---Yes, here are two and you can use _____ of them.A. bothB. everyC. anyD. either7. Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk ?___, thanks. I’d just like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None8. They were all tired, but _____ of them stopped to have a rest.9. I have two watches, but __ of them works well.A. bothB. allC. neitherD. none10. ---When shall we meet again, this Sunday or next Sunday ?--- _____ time is OK.A. EitherB. AnyC. AnotherD. One(4) few , a few ; little , a little，few , a few 修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词. Few , little 表示否定,意为“几乎没有”,a few , a little 表示肯定,意为“有一些”.例如:I can’t buy the dress because I havejust a little money.Few people can live to be 150 years.经典例析1. Kate is a nice girl. She says _____ but do much.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little2. I have a little good friends in our class.(改错)3. There is little water in the bottle, ___ _______? (补全反意疑问句)4. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,________?A. don’t theyB. do theyC. didn’t theyD. did they5. My uncle is so busy that he has ___time to have a good rest.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little6. ____ of them can arrive in time, can they ?A. FewB. A fewC. LittleD. A little(5).other , others ,another , the other①other 泛指“另外的或其它的人和物”, 常做定语.例如:★ I don’t like this color, h ave you got any other colors?②Others泛指“另一些人和物”,相当于名词性物主代词.例如:★ Study harder, or you’ll fall behind the others.③another泛指三者.三者以上不定数目中的“另一个”,只可修饰或代替单数名词.例如:★ Would you like another cake?★ Could you please show me another pair?④the other特指“两者中的另一个人或物”.常与one对照使用, one …the other …一个……另一个…….★I have two pencils , one is long , the other is short.不可不记another +基数词+复数名词=基数词+more+复数名词,another和more表示“还,再……”,但当基数词是one时,名词要用单数.例如:★I want to have another two apples.★I want to have two more apples.经典例析1. I have finished this book, can you lend me ______?A. two more booksB. two another booksC. more two booksD. two books another2.I have two brothers. One is a doctor. _______ is a teacher.A. otherB. the otherC. othersD. another3. Have you finished your homework?Not yet. I think it will take ____ ten minutes.A. otherB. othersC. anotherD. more4.Shanghai is the largest city in China(同义句)Shanghai is ______ than ____ ____ city in China.四：疑问代词疑问代词who, whom, whose , what 和which都是用来构成特殊疑问的.who 通常作主语和表语,whom作宾语.What可用来提问职业.人口.价格.年龄.颜色.日期.星期.高度和尺寸的大小.经典例析1.---_______ is your favourite athlete?--- Liu Xiang.A. WhoseB. WhomC. WhoD. Which2. ---_____ does your father look like?--- He is tall and thin.A. WhatB. WhereC. WhoD. Which3. ---______ man is your father ?---The one in a white shirt.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhoseD. Which4.The man who is watering the flowers is my uncle.(划线提问)_____ _____ is your uncle ?5. The watch is 180 Yuan.(划线提问)______ is the _______ of the watch?五：关系代词1.Who 是主格,只可指认。