He walked on tiptoe for fear of waking the patient.
他踮起脚走以免吵醒病人。 She has been playing all afternoon instead of getting on with her work. 她整个下午不工作，一直在玩。
help后跟动名词和跟get, regret, remember后跟动名词，
动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式 表示将要发生的动作。
go on doing 继续做原来做的事
go on to do 接着做另一件事
mean doing 意味着要做某事
mean to do 想要做某事
comfortable life.
2. He also doesn’t care about being
famous.
3. His other hobbies include playing
mah-jong, swimming and reading.
4. Wishing for things, however, costs
由介词to构成的短语：
according to（按照，依据）, belong to（属 于）, contribute to（为…做贡献）, devote to （献身，致力于）, help oneself to（自取，自 用）, look forward to（盼望，期待）, lead to （导致）, prefer…to…（两者间更喜欢）, pay attention to（注意）, refer to（提到，涉 及）, relate to（与…有关，涉及…）, see to(照看，处理某件事), stick to（坚持）, turn to（转向，求助于）,
regret doing 对于„„感到遗憾/后悔
regret to do sth 因„„感到遗憾
我很后悔告诉他这个秘密。他爱说闲话。 I regret telling him the secret. He is a person who gossips. 我遗憾的告诉你你没有通过考试。 I regret to tell you that you failed the test.
2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接
nothing.
1.父亲决定戒烟。 My father has decided to give up smoking. 2. 我盼望着收到你的来信 I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 3. 他已经习惯于住在大城市. He has got used to living in big cities. 4. 误了这班车意味着还得等一个小时。 Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. 5. 在车祸中，Tom差点丧命。 (got close to) Tom got close to being killed in the car accident. 6. 她成功的通过了考试。 She succeeded in passing the exam.
【考例】 I can't imagine __________ that with them．（MET 1986） A. do C. being done B. to do D. doing
She looks forward every spring to
__________ the flower-lined
I tried to solve the problem but I couldn’t.
mean to do sth 打算做某事
mean doing 意味着…… 如： 赶不上那班车意味着再等一个小时。 Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. 抱歉我伤害了你，但我本来没有这个意思。 I am sorry I hurt you, but I didn’t mean to.
He realized that to go on like this was wrong.
（指具体动作）
【考例】 — What do you think made Mary so
upset？
— __________ her new bicycle．
（1997上海高考题）
A. As she lost C. Losing B. Lost D. Because of losing
解析：losing her new bicycle是句子的
主语，谓语made her so upset被省略，
losing… 在此表示具体的动作。
Her shoes wants mending. 她的鞋该修理了。 注意: 当 need, want, require, worth后面 接doing也可以表示被动。 Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。 The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。 I have finished writing this book. 我已经写完这本书了。
和你一起工作是一种乐趣。 动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样， 也可以用it作形式主语。如：
It's rather tiring walking around in a city.
不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是
将来的动作。如：
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。 （指抽象动作）
forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过某事 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 我将不会忘记第一次遇到她时的情景。 I shall never forget meeting her for the first time. 我忘了给她打个电话。 I have forgotten to make a call to her.
Grammar
非谓语的种类和句法功能
• 动词不定式：to + 主语、表语、宾语、定语、 do. 状语、补语 • 动名词：v.-ing 主语、表语、宾语（介词 宾语）、定语
• 分词：v.-ing/ v.-ed 定语、表语、补语、状语
Grammar
Pay attention to the following sentences. 1. ..., He cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a
remember to do sth: 记得要做某事
remember doing sth: 记得干了某事 forget to do sth: 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth: 忘记做了某事
regret to do sth 遗憾做某事 regret doing sth 后悔做过某事
remember doing sth 记得曾经做过某事 remember to do sth 记住去做某事 我记得关上电视了。 I remembered turning off the TV. 记住按时到校。 Remember to come to school on time.
一. 动名词做主语的用法
动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯
性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动
作。如：
Seeing is believing.
Helping her is my duty.
Talking mends no holes.
空谈无济于事。
Working with you is a pleasure.
③ begin, start, continue 后跟to do和动词-ing 形式，通常没有差别。但在下列三种情况下， 其后需用动词不定式： A. 当 begin/start 用于进行时时; B. 当 begin/start的主语是物时； C. 当其后的动词为表示心理活动或精神状态 的动词时。如： 1. I am beginning to understand my parents. 2. The train starts to leave for Jinan. 3. He began to realise that he was wrong.
二. 动名词作宾语的用法
1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作
宾语。如suggest, finish, avoid, can’t help,
appreciate, mind, enjoy, admit, delay,
postpone, consider, deny, advise, excuse,
practise, escape, miss, pardon, imagine,
garden．（1995上海高考题） A. visit C. walk in B. paying a visit D. walking in
解析：考查短语动词 look forward to 后跟动名词作宾语的用法。
1. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret,
remember, stop, try, be used to, can't
② 动词 like, love, prefer, hate, 后接不定式或动词-ing 形 式作宾语均可。但有一些细微的差别。如表示经常性、 习惯性的动作常用动词-ing 形式，如表示特定情况或具 体动作则常用动词不定式。 I like playing basketball. 表示一般情况 I don’t like to play it now. 表示具体情况 注意：如果 like, love, prefer与would/should 搭配时，后面则接动词不定式。如： 我想和他们一起度过周末。 I would love to spend the weekends with them. 我愿意喝杯咖啡。 I’d like to have a cup of coffee.