• 瞧，有几个美女往这边来了，你看见了吗？
（cf. 你没看见吗？）
• Some questions in English look like disjunctive questions, but actually they are not. The statement and question have two different subjects covering different persons or things. In translation, the negation is generally not expressed.
question is rhetorical or general, except absurd questions such as “Haven’t you got eyes?”. A rhetorical question, which the speaker uses to gain an effect, does not expect any answer.
• 你不打算做这项工作吗？
• Yes, I am.
• 不，我打算做。
• No, I’m not.
• 是的，我不打算做。
(2). Translation of Negative Questions
• Look, some beauties are coming this way,
don’t you see them?
• My overcoat would not wear out.
• 我的大衣十分耐穿。
• If that isn’t what I want!
• 就它了！ • Nothing is more mysterious than the smile of Monalisa. • 蒙娜丽莎的微笑是最神秘的啦。
incomplete
Negative Form
不完全的
Affirmative Form
残缺的
unasked
unprecedented dislike disbelief
未经邀请的
前所未有的 不喜欢 不相信
自告奋勇的
空前的 反感、讨厌 怀疑
undisguised
无伪装的
公然、公开的E.G.• Yesterday the President gave an unprepared speech
(3). 把句子的其他成分转移到动词
E.g. He gave me not even a moment to collect rubbish. 他打扰我收破烂。
2. Conversion of the Affirmative in to the Negative （肯定形式译成否定形式 ）
什么是肯定形式的英语句子？ --英语句子中既没有否定词，如no, not, never, none, neither, nobody, nothing, nowhere , nowise, 也没有带有否 定前缀或后缀的词，如dis-, im-, in-, ir-, non-, un-, -less.
• 有些动词，如assume, surmise 和presume，引导的从句中，在英 翻中时主句的否定不能转移到从句当中 E.g. I can’t assume that his elder aunt came. 我不能假定他大姨媽 来了。 I assume that his elder aunt couldn’t come. 我猜想他不能来。
1. Transfer of the Negative (否定转移)
(1). 把主句的否定转移到that从句
• think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, fancy, reckon 引导的从 句，在英翻中时应使用否定转移 E.g. We don’t believe that our mother tongue is inferior to any other language in the world. 我们相信，祖国的语言并不亚于世界任何其他语言。 I don't think that you are a gay. 我不認為你搞基。
(2). Full negation (全部否定)
• Full negative + affirmative predicate:
E.g. Nobody succeeds. • Full negative + words with negative prefixes or suffixes, or words implying negation. E.g. He was always unkind. • Not… any… E.g. He cannot remember anything.
before a big audience.
• 昨天总统在大庭广众面前即兴致辞。
• Aren’t they fine, these three men are going off into nowhere like that? • 这三人真行，前途茫茫，就这样去了。
(2). Conversion of Negative Sentences into Affirmatives
(4). Translation of Rhetorical Questions • There is hardly a clear-cut line between a rhetorical
question and a general question. Context decides whether a
• Partial affirmative + not : Partial negative
E.g. Some students are not here.
≈ Some students are here.
有些学生不在。
• Not + full negative : Partial negative
agreement cannot be implemented in the next few weeks.
• 兹函请惠予注意协议条款是否可在今后几周内实施。
5. Translation of Various Kinds of Negation (英语各种否定译法 )
(1). Partial Negation 部分否定
• Literary style：岂不
• Modern or colloquial style：难道
• Is this the part of wise men, engaged in a great and arduous struggle for liberty? Are we disposed to be of the number of those, who having eyes, see not, and having ears, hear not, the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation?
•
It’s not going to rain, is it?
• 不会下雨，是不是？
• No.
• 是的,不会。 • Yes. it’s going to rain. • 不，会下雨的。
Silent Answers • “You’re not going to school today?” Mother shouted down the stairs to her little one. The child looked up and shook his head. • “今天你就不上学啦？”母亲从楼上喊下来，问她的小宝 贝。孩子抬起头来点了一下。
confuse the reader.
•
I wonder if he cannot help me out of the difficulty.
• 我不知道他是否能帮我摆脱这个困境。
• I am writing to ask your help in seeing if the provisions of the
(2). 把谓语动词的否定转移到状语
E.g. Rome was not built in a day. 羅馬非朝夕建成 Love is not made by anyone. 愛無刻意。 Just because she doesn't shout you should not suppose that she is satisfied. 你不可只因为她不骂你，就以为她心满意足了。
• 为争取自由而从事伟大而艰巨的斗争的明智人士，难道应
该这样做吗？对于目前自救运动密切相关的事业视而不见、 充耳不闻的人，难道我们甘心情愿与之为伍吗？
(5). Translation of Indirect Negative Questions
• Negation can be found even in indirect questions, which in our mode of expression should be in a tone of uncertainty, such as “是否可以……”, “能不能……”. A literal translation will
中文的肯定句又是怎样的呢？ --中文的肯定句，句子中不含有“不”，“非”，“否”， “没（有）”，“未”，“别”，“勿”，“莫”， “休”，“甭”。
E.g. •Take it or leave it. • 买不买随你。
• That time when he played as Holmes I doubled up with laughter. •他演福尔摩斯那一回，我笑得直不起腰来。
• “all the + noun + not” and “ not all the + noun ”: full negation E.g. All the money in the world won’t make you happy. 即使你拥有了世界上所有的财富，你也不会快乐。