当前位置:文档之家› 英语否定句

英语否定句



(7)否定词+否定意义的动词/名词/形容词/副词 英语中有许多词语虽没有被否定词修饰或不 含否定词缀,但它们的意义却完全可能是否定的, 这样的词和否定词连用时也会构成双重否定。 We don't doubt that he will succeed in carrying out the experiment. 我们相信他会做好这个实验。 There is no denying the fact that your action has affected her normal life. 不可否认,你的行为已经影响了她的正常生活。 Comrade Lei Feng was not reluctant to help others. 雷锋同志非常乐于助人。
否定句的翻译
英汉两种语言在表达方法上存在很大 差异,尤其在表达否定概念上,英语 在用词、语法和逻辑等方面与汉语都 有很大不同。有些英语否定句译成汉 语后却变成了肯定形式,而另一些肯 定句型译成汉语后又往往变成否定形 式。翻译时要灵活换,才能准确翻译。
部分否定
表示方法: 一、 all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示\"并非 都……\"、\"不是所有的都……\masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。



(2)主语否定+状语否定
主语否定指主语常由no-word(比如no+名词、nobody、 none nothing、no one等,这些词被称之为绝对否定词)来担当, 或主语由not来否定。 In some countries no major business is carried on without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. 在有些国家,一切公事都要面对面地进行,需要当面交谈。 There is no success without hard ships.



双重否定double negation

1. 强化肯定的双重否定句结构: (1)谓语否定+状语否定 在这种双重否定结构中,谓语否定主要指“never+ 实义动词”或“操作词+not+实义动词”;状语否定指 “介词+名词/动名词”,要么介词否定,要么名词或动 名词否定,而介词否定的形式多表现为一个词,即without。 例如: You cannot make egg rolls with out breaking eggs. 不打破鸡蛋,就无法做出蛋卷来。(即:有失才有得。) He will not do it for nothing?? 他不会无缘无故做这件事。(他做这件事定有企图。)
二、 both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) \"并非两 个……都……\" 例如: I don\'t want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。
三、 every…的否定式:\"不是每……都……\" 例如:
全部否定




若要表示全部否定,则应用相应的表示全部否定的 否定词。 all → none (一个人也没有、没有任何东西), both → neither (两个都不), every → no, everyone → no one(nobody), everything → nothing 等。
Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 四、 always的否定式:\"并非总是(并非一直)……\" 例如: He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。

如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定, 那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)… at all 等。例如: All of them can do it.--- None of them can do it. Both are good.---Neither is good. Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it. He is always late. --- He is never late. We don't trust them entirely. --- We never trust them at all. He was here all the time. --- He was never here.
七、 not…and…的否定式,被否定的往往是and后面的那一部 分。 例如: He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确。 This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。 She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。 如果将and 换成or,not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。

8)主句否定+从句否定 In the neighborhood there is nobody who does not know me. 在这儿,我绝对是个名人。 I never read novels that don't appeal to me?? 我从不看不感兴趣的小说。 You cannot take the books away unless you get the special permission from the dean?? 除非你有系主任的特批,否则你不能把书 借走。




没有磨难,就没有胜利。(没有经历暴雨,那有彩虹。) Not a student has access to the library without showing his student card 不出示学生证,就进入不了图书馆。

(3)主语否定+谓语否定 Nobody does not believe in him. 人人相信他。(无人不信他。) Not many students will not succeed in passing the exam. 大多数同学会通过考试。


2)否定含义的词语,如wonder(想知道、不知道) don't know/can't tell+否定宾语从句 I worked and worked, and I didn't know how much I had not done. 我日以继日地工作,不知道干了多少活。 I could not tell what was not my amazement at the sight of the magnificent Mount Huang?? 我说不出,有什么能比我看到那雄伟壮观的黄山时,更为 惊喜的事了。 除了上面提到的这两种情况,下列句子中的强调双重否定 也经常见到: In the old society, our family had no food, no clothes, no nothing. 在旧社会里我们家无衣无食,一无所有。 He is a mere nobody that nobody knows. 他仅仅是个小人物,没有人认识他。
翻译练习


1) I don't know all of them. 我并不全认识他们。 2) I don't like both of the books. 这两本书我并不都喜欢。 3) Not every student goes to the farm on Sundays. 并非每个学生星期天都去农场。 4) Not everyone in our class likes football. 在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。
(4)谓语否定+宾语否定 I do not have nothing to say.


我有话要说。 We can't afford not to believe it (the missile attack). 我们不得不相信这(导弹袭击)是真的。


(5)主语否定+宾语否定 No one has nothing to contribute to society?? 人人对社会都有贡献。 Nobody has no access to the sporting facilities?? 人人都可以使用这些体育器材。 (6)主语否定+补语否定 补语覆盖面很广,包括名词、介词、形容词、副词、 代词、分词以及不定式等等,这些词本身可以是否定形式 (比如代词nothing、nobody等),也可以被否定词修饰 (比如not+补语),也可指那些含有否定词缀的形式 (比如形容词、分词的否定词缀等)。 Nothing is nothing at all?? 没有一件事是微不足道的。(凡事都有重要性。) No smoking is harmless?? 吸烟有害健康。 No place is left unexploited?? 到处都已被开发。
相关主题