中考英语语法复习—名词名词部分的考查重点为：1、名词的可数与不可数性。
2、名词单复数在特定情况下的使用。
3、名词的普通格与所有格作定语的选用。
4、物质名词、抽象名词具体化。
名词词义的区别与固定搭配。
【考点诠释】一、名词的各种分类。
单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式，包括可数名词的复数的变化规则，少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。
【考例】There is good_________ for you. I've found your lost watch.A. newsB. ideasC. messagesD. thoughtsMy uncle will come to my house for dinner．I want to buy some ___to make a vegetable salad for him．A．meat B．tomatoes C．apple juice The teacher said we needed to choose three for the school concert.A. farmersB. doctorsC. driversD. singersAt night the koala bear gets up and eats___________．A．1eaf B．1eaves C．leafsThe PLA man saved three ____lives in the accident．A．children’s B．children C．child D．childs' Come on，children．Help yourselves to some_________ if you like．A．fish and chicken B．fishes and chicken C．fish and chickens D．fishes and chickensAll the ____teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday．A．man B．men C．womanD．women二、不可数名词数量的表达法。
用“数词或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”这样的结构来表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但of后面的名词只能用单数。
Mr Smith always has _________to tell us．A．some good pieces of news B．some pieces of good newsC．some good piece of newes D．some piece of good newes——Would you like to have a look at some pants?They may fit you well．一Well，I'd like to try those blue__________.A．pairs B．one C．pantD．pair―Would you like some drinks, boys?―Yes,, please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. two bottles of orangeexciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam.A. What an, aB. What, aC. How an, theD. How, the三、名词所有格及其用法。
以-s结尾的单数名词加“’”或“’s”构成所有格；以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加“’”；不规则复数名词在词尾加“’s”；两者或两者以上共同所有，把“’s”加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。
_________fathers are both scientists．A．Jim's and Bob B．Jim's and Bob's C．Jim and Bob's D．Jim and Bob_____room is big and bright．They like it very much．A．Tom and Sam B．Tom's find Sam C．Tom and Sam's D．Tom's and Sam's―How’s Joy’s skirt?―Her skirt is more beautiful than.A. her sister’s and KateB. her sister and KateC. her sister and Kate’sD. her sister’s and Kate’s四、表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加“'s”来构成所有格。
如：today's newspaper．ten minutes，walk，China's industry—Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?—No, it’s about _______.A. 7 minutes walkB. 7 minute walkC. 7 minutes’ walkD. 7 minute’s walk——Come and see me in ．——With pleasure．That’s what I'm expecting．A．two or three days' B．two or three day's time C．two or three days' timeI'm going on holiday on the 12th．I have to be back at work on the 26th.So I've got two_______ holiday．A．weeks B．week's C．weeks'D．week五、名词作主语时的主谓一致。
主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数；主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式；谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。
六、语境中名词的选择。
根据语境确定名词的词义，再根据句法进一步确定词形。
Studying in a foreign country is a different _____and you can learn a lot．A．event B．exercise C．experienceD．exhibition---Would you like some_________?---No, thank you. I'm not hungry at all.A. teaB. waterC. breadD. coffeeIt's common ____that the Japanese eat Sushi．A．information B．knowledge C．direction D．instructionThe thing that ____is not whether you fan or not，but whether you try or not．A．minds B．cares C．mattersD．considers——I don't know how to use this machine．一It doesn't matter．Here is the____．A．instruction B．direction C．information D．advertisement——What do you know about____?——Line drawings that show how something works．A．pictures B．diagrams C．programmes D．paintings七、易混名词的区别。
主要是要求区别一些常见的容易混淆的名词的用法。
---Look, the tall building looks very modern.---Yes, and there is a garden on its ___________. A garden in the air!A. topB. groundC. sideD. floor一How can I tell one tree from another?一You can mostly tell them by the _________of their leaves．[07武汉市]A．shape B size C．age D color---Oh! There isn't enough _________ for us in the bus.---No hurry. Let's wait for the next.A. placeB. landC. roomD. floor0ur school held an activity called “Recommend Books to Your Teachers”．The students made a____of 1 000 books．A．note B．1ine C．menuD．1ist【语法回顾】名词是用来表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。
英语名词一般分为两类，即专有名词和普通名词。
普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词。
个体名词和集体名词一般可数，有单复数之分；物质名词和抽象名词一般不可数。
所以从可数性方面看，名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
主要是不可数名词．可数名词的单复数以及名词和其他词类(如冠词、动词、介词等)组成的固定短语，还包括具体情景中名词词义的辨析等知识的综合。
一、名词的数1．一般名词的复数形式是在词尾直接加-s构成。
如：2．以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词，变成复数时在词尾加-es。
如：3．以-f和-fe结尾的词变f或fe为v，再加-es。
如：注意：roof，gulf，belief，chief，safe，proof，staff等其复数直接在词尾加-s。
handkerchief的复数为．4．以辅音字母加一y结尾之名词，先将y变成i，再加-es。