英语语法:虚拟语气
to the
A. went
B. have been
C. had been D. would go
【分析】 通过if从句中谓语动词“I were”可判断出,该句是与现在事实相 反的虚拟条件句。主句用“would+动 词原形”。故选答案D。
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例2 The doctor proposed that my
It is strange that he(should) say so. 真遗憾,你失去了这么好的机会。 It is a pity that you(should) miss a good chance. 已经决定了把运动会推迟至下个月。
It has been decided that the sports meet(should)be put off till next month.
The Subjunctive
Mood虚拟语 件 从 句
主句
与过去事 实相反
had+动词过去 分词
would(should, could,might)
+ have +动词
与现在事
实相反 过去式(be用
过去分词 would(should,
were)
could,might)
与将来 过去式/should +w动o词uld原形
事实相反 +动词原形/
(should,
were to+动词原 could, might)
形
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+动词原形
2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
(1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现 在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。
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高中学生掌握一门外语很有必要。 It is necessary that a high school student should master a foreign language.
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虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从 句的用法
在suggestion, proposal, order, idea, news, request,advice, demand, plan 等名词后面的表语 从句中的谓语动词用should+动词 原形,should常省略。
+that…;
③ It is a pity
( no wonder…) + that… 等结构后的主
语从句中的谓语动词用should +动词原形,
s例ho: uItldis常d被es省ir略ed。that we(should) get
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他那样说话,令人吃惊。
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Revision :
1. He is not a pilot, but he wishes hweer______ (be).
2. Iewish I _h__a_d__m__e__t_(meet)him yesterday.
3. I wish it _w__o_u__l_d___(be) fine tomorrobwe.
4.( Hsheoourldde)rebde the work st_a__r_t_e_d__________s_ta(syteadrt) at once.
5. I’d rather you _________(stay) at home all day t精o品课d件ay.
D、试题详解
例1 、If I were you, I cinema with her.(96)
1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去 式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。 2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用 “had+过去分词”或 “would, could, might +have done” 。
(2) 在主语+would rather +that 宾语从句 中,从句谓语用过去式表示现在或将来,用过去 完成式表示与过去事实相反 。
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虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
① It is desired (suggested requested,
ordered, demanded…) + that…;
② It is strange (necessary, possible,
important, surprising,natural…)
brother
his right hand.(97)
A.avoid to use B. should avoid to use
C. avoid using D. avoided using
【分析】 该题有两个考点,一是 propose后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气 动词形式,二是avoid一词后要用动名 词作宾语。故选C。
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例3 Had you not helped me with my English, I to pass the final examination.
A. might fail B. might have failed
C. shall fail D. would fail
【分析】 当if从句中有were, should和 had等词时,可以省略if, 同时把were, should, had放到主语前面形式倒装。从句 中的had…not helped表明该句是与过去 事实相反的假设,因此要选B。
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例 My suggestion is that we (should) do the experiment again.
我的想法是在接受前仔细想想。
My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.
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(3) 在表示提议、要求、命令、决定等 动词如suggest, decide, require, request, demand, propose, insist, order等)后的宾语从句中谓语动词常用 “should+动词原形”。Should常被省 略。
一个坚持(insist),两个命令(order, command),三个建议( suggest, advise, propose),四个要求 ( ask,demand request, require)