数词1.什么叫做数词?表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
A.基数词的构成1)1-12有各自独立的形式。
One,two, three ,four ,five ,six ,seven ,eight ,nine ,ten ,eleven ,twelve2)13-19都是相对应3-9加上teen构成,thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen,3)20-90都以-ty结尾,特殊拼写的有twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety4)21-99,整数十位数+各位数,中间有“-”。
5)百位数,由百位数+and+两位数组成。
注:1、1000以上几个的词,每三位数加一个逗号,第一个逗号前的数为thousand,第二个逗号前的数为million(百万), 第三个逗号前的数为billion(十亿),第四个逗号前的数为trillion(万亿)888,888,888,888eight hundred and eighty-eight billion, eight hundred and eighty-eight million, eight hundred and eighty-eight thousand, eight hundred and eighty-eight2、基数词常与名词构成的合成词在句中作定语,中间要用连字符“_”,这个名词只用单数形式.a two hundred –word reporta seven-day holidaya 3 –year –old girl3. 基数词的用法1、表示一个具体数字时,hundred, thousand,million,billion一律不用复数;在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。
例如:1) Our country has a population of 1,300 millionpeople.2) There are three thousand students in ourschool.3) After the war, thousands of people becamehomeless.4) Maize is the most important food crop formillions of people in the world.2、在一些表示“一排”或“一组”的词组里;如:They arrived in twos and threes.他们三三两两的到达了。
3、表示“……十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示“几十岁”或年代,例如:1)He is in his early thirties.2)He died still in his forties.3)This took place in 1930s.4、表示时刻用基数词。
例如:We get up at six.The workers begin work at eight.(1)表示“几点过几分”,用介词past,但须在半小时以内。
例如:ten past ten,a quarter past nine,half past twelve(2)表示“几点差几分”用介词to, 但分数须在半小时以上。
例如:twenty to nine,five to eight,a quarter to ten表示“几点几分”还可直接用基数词。
例如:seven fifteen,eleven thirty,nine twenty注意下列习惯表达方式:half an hour half a kiloone hour and a half= one and a half hourstwo and a half kilos = two kilos and a halfone or two days = one day or twoeighty meters longone thousand miles awayfive meters deep ( wide/ tall/ high/long)five meters in depth / width/ height/ lengthB. 序数词的构成1)1-3分别为first,second,third 。
2)4-19都是在后面加上th,特殊的有fifth, eighth, ninth,twelfth。
3)20-90把y变成ie然后加th,如twentieth。
4)21-99的序数词变后面的个位数。
序数词可以用缩写,如1st, 2nd, 3rd ,4th…序数词的用法(1)序数词主要用作定语,前面要加定冠词,例如:The first truck is carrying a food baskets.John lives on the fifteenth floor.(2)序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”,“又一”这样的意思,例如:We'll have to do it a second time.Shall I ask him a third time?When I sat down,a fourthman rose to speak.(3)表示年,月,日时,年用基数词表示,日用序数词表示。
例如:1949年十月一日读作:October (the) first, nineteenforty-nine2004年九月十日读作:September (the) tenth, two thousand and four(4)表示分数时,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。
分子大于1时,分母加-s。
例如:1/4 one-fourth;2/3 two-thirds;1/2 a(one)half;1/4 1(one)quarter;3/4 three-quarters;*76/92 seventy-six over ninety-two(5)序数词也可以用作副词,When did you first see him?Which horse came in first?(6)基数词也能表示顺序,如书刊的页的数目,住所、房间、教室、电话号码等等。
Page Eight, Room 304,Class Seven,7)倍数表示法主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + asI have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
(8) 在…世纪:in the twenty-first centuryin the nineteenth century1. About ________ students in our class can describe that place in English.A. three-fifthsB. three-fifthC. third-fiveD. third-fifths答案:A。
该题考查的是分数的表示法。
分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。
分子大于1时,分母应加-s,因此应选A。
2. Nine _______ pounds a week? That’svery good.A. hundred ofB. hundreds ofC. hundredsD. hundred答案:D。
该题考查的是数词的用法。
Nine hundred是一个具体的数量,这是数词不能用复数形式,后面也不能加of。
所以应选D。
一、房间、书刊、汽车、电话等号码1.房间Room 106 = Room one o six 第106号房间2.书刊Part 2 = part two (the second part) 第二部分Lesson Ten = the tenth lesson 第十课Page 127 = page one two seven 第127页Chapter Four = the fourth chapter 第四章Section Twenty-one =the twenty-first section 第二十一节3.Bus 26/ the No. 26 bus 汽车26 路车4.电话4729646 =four seven two nine six four six2822886 =two eight double two double eight six二、年、月、日、星期、钟点表示方法1.年前面用介词in(在) 1961年(in) 1961 读作(in) nineteen sixty-one(在) 1800年(in) 1800 读作(in) eighteen hundred(在) 1909年(in) 1909 读作(in) nineteen and nine(在) 20世纪90年代(in) the 1990’s 读作(in) the nineteen nineties(在) 2000年(in) 2000 读作(in) two thousand(在) 2001年(in) 2001 读作(in) twenty and o one2.月前面用介词in,月份头一个字母须大写,后附有缩写形式(in) January Jan. (在)一月(in) February Feb. (在)二月(in) March Mar. (在)三月(in)April Apr。
(在)四月(in)May May (在)五月(in)June June (在)六月(in)July July (在)七月(in)August Aug. (在)八月(in)September Sept. (在)九月(in)October Oct. (在)十月(In)November Nov. (在)十一月(In) December Dec. (在)十二月3.日前面用介词on,用序数词(前面加the)表示“某日”On the first 一日on the eighth 八日a)某个节日前用on(on) the first of January [或(on) January (the) first] 元旦(一月一日)(on) the twenty-fifth of December --- Christmas Day[或(on) December (the) twenty-fifth]十二月二十五日圣诞节b)某年、某月前用inin October,1965(读作in October, nineteen sixty-five)1965 年10 月c)某年、某月、某日前用onon October 29,1990读作on October the twenty-ninth, nineteen ninety)on October 1,1949(读作on October the first, nineteen forty-nine)4.星期前面用介词on,星期头一个字母要大写On Monday(在)星期一,On Tuesday (在)星期二,On Wednesday (在)星期三On Thursday(在)星期四, On Friday(在)星期五,On Saturday(在)星期六,On Sunday(在)星期日5.钟点通常前面用介词atDavid gets up at six o'clock in the morning.戴维早晨六点起床。