状 语 从 句 详 解
注:
• ①though和although可以互换,只是 though和although可以互换,只是
although比较正式。 although比较正式。 • ②though不可以与连词but连用,但可以 though不可以与连词but连用,但可以 与yet,still连用,例: yet,still连用,例: • Though he worked hard, he couldn’t couldn’ pass the exam. • 虽然他很努力,但还是没通过考试。
例:
• I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. don’
(宾从) • 我不知道他明天是否来。 • If he comes, I’ll tell you.(I’ll tell you if I’ you.( he comes.) comes.) • 如果他来,我会告诉你。
2. 原因状语从句
• 原因状语从句通常由because, as, since等 原因状语从句通常由because, since等
词引导。 • because语气较强,用以回答why问句 because语气较强,用以回答why问句 • as语气较弱,较口语化,所表示的原因 as语气较弱,较口语化,所表示的原因 较明显。 • since语气较弱,常表对方已知的事实, since语气较弱,常表对方已知的事实, 相当于汉语的“既然” 相当于汉语的“既然”。
从上面的例子可以看出,状语从句的位 置比较灵活,有时可以放于句首,有时可 以置于句末。状语从句位于句首时,其后 常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 状语从句可以根据其用途分为时间状 语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、 结果状语从句、程度状语从句、目的状语 从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句及方 式状语从句,今天我们主要来复习时间状 语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、 目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语 从句等。
5. 条件状语从句
• 条件状语从句表示条件,关联词常用if或unless, 条件状语从句表示条件,关联词常用if或
• • • • • •
as (so) long as. as. If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman. 明天如果下雪,我们就堆雪人。 You’ You’ll catch a cold unless you put on your coat. 你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。 He will do anything as long as it is interesting. 只要有趣,他什么都愿意干。
注:1 注:1
•
①比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常 用宾格。 • ②如果后面的句子主语为主格时,可以 加助动词、情态动词等。 • He can jump higher than I can. • 他能比我跳得高。 • He came later than LiLei did. • 他比李磊来得晚。
e.g.
• I eat potatoes because I like them. • 我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。 • As I didn’t know the way, I asked a didn’
policeman. • 我由于不知道路,因而问警察。 • Since you won’t help me, I’ll ask won’ I’ someone else. • 你既然不帮我,那我就请别人帮我。
【模拟试题】(答题时间:50分钟) 模拟试题】(答题时间:50分钟)
• ( A )1. Did he tell you __________ at the • • • • •
school gate? A. who he waited for B. who is he waiting C. who did he wait for D. who he was waiting ( D )2. Do you know _______________? A. who is he B. what he is C. what is he D. who he is
( C )6. Do you know ___________ after school every day? A. what does he do B. he does what C. what he does D. does he do what ( B )7. Have you decided __________ with me? A. who will you go B. who will go C. who went D. who did you go ( C )8. He asked me ________________. A. who did kick the first goal in the Woeeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympic be held
4. 目的状语从句
• 目的状语从句常由so that, in order that等词引导, 目的状语从句常由so that等词引导, • • • •
目的状语从句常用助动词may(might) 目的状语从句常用助动词may(might), shall (should), will(would), can (could)。目的状 should) will(would) (could)。目的状 语从句常放于主句之后,例: Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚,他们才听得懂。 He spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand. 他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。
6. 让步状语从句
• 让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管,即使”等概 让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管,即使” • • • • • •
念,常用的关联词有:though, 念,常用的关联词有:though, although, even though等。 though等。 Though he was ill, he was still working. 他虽然有病,但仍然继续工作。 Although it is difficult, we shall do it. 此事虽难,但我们还是要做。 Even though you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你这样说,我也不信。
3. 结果状语从句
• 结果状语从句常用so that, such that等关联词引 结果状语从句常用so that等关联词引 • • • • • • •
导。 e.g. He is so young that he can’t go to work. can’ 他如此小以致于他不能上班。 He got so little pay that his family had to live on welfare money. 他工资很少,他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。 It’s such a good chance that we mustn’t miss It’ mustn’ it. 机会这样好,我们决不能失掉。
( D )3. I don’t know ____________. A. where does he come from B. where he does come from C. where he come from D. where he comes from ( B )4. —Excuse me. Could you tell me _________ get to the plane? —Certainly. Go straight along here. A. how can we B. how we can C. where can we D. where we can ( A )5. The teacher asked the new student ____________ class he was in. A. which B. where C. how D. when
状语从句详解
状语从句
• 用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词 • • • • • • • • •
是一些从属连词。 例: When you cross the road, you must be careful. 当你过马路时要小心。(when是从属连词) 当你过马路时要小心。(when是从属连词) I was late because I missed the bus. 我迟到了,因为我误了公共汽车。(关联词是从属 连词because) 连词because). If she asks me, I’ll tell her. I’ 她如果问我,我就告诉她。(关联词是从属连词if) 她如果问我,我就告诉她。(关联词是从属连词if) You look as if you need a rest. 你像是需要休息似的。(关联词是从属连词as if) 你像是需要休息似的。(关联词是从属连词as if).
注:2 注:2
• ①because of和because的区别 of和because的区别 • because of后加名词代词或动名词,不加句子,而 of后加名词代词或动名词,不加句子,而 • • • • • • • • •
because加句子,例: because加句子,例: Because of his illness, he didn’t go to work. didn’ 因为生病,他没上班。 Because he was ill, he didn’t go to work. didn’ ②在条件和时间状语从句中,如果主句用将来时,从句 常用一般现在时。 If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go fishing. doesn’ we’ 明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼。 As soon as he comes back, I’ll let him know it. I’ 他一回来,我就让他知道这事。 ③if构成条件从句时意为“如果”,可以放句首也可以 if构成条件从句时意为“如果” 放主句后;构成宾语从句时意为“是否” 放主句后;构成宾语从句时意为“是否”,一般放主句后。