目录
摘 要 ............................................................................................................................................................................1 绪 论 ............................................................................................................................................................................2 设计方案的选择和论证 ................................................................................................................................................3 第一章 塔板的工艺计算 ..............................................................................................................................................4
1.2.1 已知条件 .............................................................................................................................................4 1.2.2 物料衡算 .............................................................................................................................................5 1.2.3 平衡线方程的确定 .............................................................................................................................5 1.2.4 求精馏塔的气液相负荷 .....................................................................................................................6 1.2.5 操作线方程 .........................................................................................................................................6 1.2.6 用逐板法算理论板数 .........................................................................................................................6 1.2.7 实际板数的求取 .................................................................................................................................7 1.3 精馏塔的工艺条件及有关物性数据的计算 .................................................................................................8 1.3.1 进料温度的计算 .................................................................................................................................8 1.3.2 操作压力的计算 .................................................................................................................................8 1.3.3 平均摩尔质量的计算 .........................................................................................................................8 1.3.4 平均密度计算 .....................................................................................................................................9 1.3.5 液体平均表面张力计算 ...................................................................................................................10 1.3.6 液体平均粘度计算 ...........................................................................................................................10 1.4 精馏塔工艺尺寸的计算 ..............................................................................................................................10 1.4.1 塔径的计算 .......................................................................................................................................10 1.4.2 精馏塔有效高度的计算 ...................................................................................................................11 1.5 塔板主要工艺尺寸的计算 ..........................................................................................................................12 1.5.1 溢流装置计算 ...................................................................................................................................12 1.6 浮阀数目、浮阀排列及塔板布置 ...............................................................................................................13 1.7 塔板流体力学验算 .......................................................................................................................................14 1.7.1 计算气相通过浮阀塔板的静压头降 hf ...........................................................................................14 1.7.2 计算降液管中清夜层高度 Hd ..........................................................................................................15 1.7.3 计算雾沫夹带量 eV ...........................................................................................................................15 1.8 塔板负荷性能图 ...........................................................................................................................................16 1.8.1 雾沫夹带线 .......................................................................................................................................16 1.8.2 液泛线 ...............................................................................................................................................17 1.8.3 液相负荷上限线 ..............................................................................................................................18 1.8.4 漏液线 ...............................................................................................................................................18 1.8.5 液相负荷下限线 ...............................................................................................................................18 1.9 小结 ...............................................................................................................................................................19 第二章 热量衡算 ........................................................................................................................................................20 2.1 相关介质的选择 ...........................................................................................................................................20 2.1.1 加热介质的选择 ...............................................................................................................................20 2.1.2 冷凝剂 ...............................................................................................................................................20 2.2 热量衡算 .......................................................................................................................................................20 第三章 辅助设备 ........................................................................................................................................................23