1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ，69)This development was only possible with the ________ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.答案：introduction由空格前的定冠词the可知其后应接名词作介词with的宾语。

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ，66)She is determined to carry on with her ________ (educate).答案：education形容词性物主代词通常在名词前作定语。

由此可知her后面的空格处应为名词education。

3．(2017·浙江高考，56) Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ________ (carrot) and was about to throw them away.答案：carrots由空格前面的修饰语a handful of “一把……；少量的”可知后面的名词carrot应用复数形式carrots。

4．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ，46)Recent ________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.答案：studies根据句子谓语动词show可知，主语应该是名词的复数形式。

5．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ (attract).答案：attraction根据空格前的形容词top可知应用名词，形容词常用作定语来修饰名词。

6．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ，42)Handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ (achieve).答案：achievement介词of后要用名词作宾语。

a sense ofachievement “成就感”。

7．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________ (day) with his sister.答案：days few修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。

every few days “每隔几天”。

8．(2016·江苏高考，阅读C)The weather ________(effect), both good and bad, are felt in many places.答案：effects句子的谓语为are felt，由此可知句子的主语也应该是复数形式effects。

9．(2016·北京高考，阅读D)The college years are supposed to be a time for important ________(grow) in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.答案：growth形容词important用来修饰名词；根据句子结构... and the development ... 可知此处应填名词growth和后面的development构成并列。

10．(2015·浙江高考，15)One of the most effective ways to reduce ________ (stressful) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.答案：stress动词reduce后需用名词作宾语，stress “压力，紧张”，是不可数名词。

句意：减压的最有效方法之一是和你信任的人谈论感受。

一、可数名词的数可数名词都有单数和复数之分。

(一)名词复数的规则变化(二)名词复数的不规则变化二、不可数名词不可数名词包括专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词，一般没有单复数之分。

1．常考的不可数名词2．抽象名词具体化抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常见的和常考的有：3．物质名词的复数现象(1)有些物质名词用复数形式表示与原来不同的事物。

paper(纸)—papers(证件，论文)custom(风俗习惯)—customs(海关)arm(胳膊)—arms(武器，装备)air(空气)—airs(摆架子，装腔作势)(2)有一些物质名词用复数形式，表示由大量该物质组成的事物。

sand(沙子)—sands(沙滩，沙漠)water(水)—waters(水域，水体)time(时间)—times(时代)wood(木头，木材)—woods(树林)(3)有些物质名词用复数形式表示不同的种类，如food, wine, metal, fish, vegetable等。

The wines of France are among the best in the world.三、名词的所有格1．有生命的名词，其所有格一般在名词后加-'s。

his father's boss 他爸爸的老板2．表示时间、城市、地域、团体、机构等非生命的事物后也可加-'s表示其所有格。

today's paper 今天的报纸England's shore 英国的海岸the car's design 这辆车的设计We accepted the invitation without a moment's hesitation.3．在某些习惯用语中，也需要加-'s所有格。

for friendship's sake 为了友情at a stone's throw 一箭之远at one's finger's tip 手头上有at arm's length 保持距离；在伸手可及处at one's wits' end 黔驴技穷4．无生命的名词，借用of表示所属关系。

the window of the room 这个房间的窗户5．如果一样东西为两个人共有，则只在后一个名词后加-'s，如果不是共有的则两个名词后都要加-'s。

Jane and Mary's mother 简和玛丽的妈妈(共有，暗示简和玛丽是姐妹关系)Jane's and Mary's mothers 简的妈妈和玛丽的妈妈(不是共有，分别指两位妈妈)6．双重所有格：“a/two/some ...＋名词＋of＋名词's/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格，“of＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。

a friend of her mother's 她妈妈的一个朋友two photos of hers 她的两张照片Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Although these _______ (measure) are not effective forever, they are vital for now.答案：measures根据前面的指示代词these和谓语动词are可以判断，主语应用复数形式measures。

2．Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste a wide variety of ________ (apple).答案：apples a (wide) variety of “各种各样的”，修饰复数名词。

句意：在苹果节人们可以看到，并常常能尝到各种各样的苹果。

3．The __________ (life) of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.答案：lives句子的谓语动词have finally been recorded是复数形式，由此可以判断出此处需要用名词复数形式作句子的主语。

4．It's still a useful and pleasant form of ________(communicate).答案：communication介词of之后要用名词，a form ofcommunication “一种沟通方式”。

5. I had no ________ (choose) but to prepare for it, though.答案：choice形容词no后面应跟名词。

have no choice but to do sth. “除了……别无选择”，固定搭配。

6．Some schools will have to make ________(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案：adjustments句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校将做出调整。

make adjustments是固定表达，意为“做出调整”。

7．There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ________ (think) and then let me know.答案：thought句意：现在没必要告诉我你的答案。

认真考虑，然后告诉我。

some后应跟名词，thought “思索，考虑”。

8．Only a few dollars can help to fill a ________ (child) hungrystomach.答案：child's此处表示“仅仅几美元就能帮助一个孩子不挨饿”，空后是名词stomach，提示词是child，空前是不定冠词a，故用child 的所有格形式。

9．When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his________ (balanced) and had a bad fall.答案：balance句意：小男孩在追赶哥哥时失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。