独立主格结构 独立主格结构的构成：n/pron + ppr/pp/a/ad/to do/prep phrase
Weather permitting, we’ll play basketball tomorrow. The meeting closed, nobody had any more to say. The floor wet and slippery, we stayed outside. He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
freshman 大一学生 sophomore 大学二年级生, 有二年经验的 junior student 大三学生 senior student 大四学生，高年级学生 undergraduate student 本科生 graduate student / postgraduate student 研究 生 master's degree 硕士学位 bachelor's degree 学士学位 postdoctor student 博士后 老师场景 • professor 教授president 校长staff 全体员工(商店、企业) • faculty 全体教职员工 上课 register 注册 selective course / elective course / optional course 选修课 requirement / required course / compulsory 必修课 seminar 讨论班 psychology course 心理学 economics 经济学science 理科art 文科 作业场景 homework / assignment / project 作业 book report 读书报告 presentation 课堂发言 reading list 书单 turn in / hand in 上交 deadline 最后期限paper 论文 / essay 小论文 term paper 学期报告thesis 毕业论文 考试场景 grade / score 分数 pass 及格 make up exam 补考 cheat 作弊 delay / be off / hold up / postpone / put off / suspend延期或取消 一、购物场景 discount mart折扣店 wholesale price批发价格 checkout counter收银台 bargain sale打折 retail price零售价 “What a rip off! Can you give me a discount?”太贵了，能不能便宜一点 Take it or leave it.爱买不买，随便 付账： pick up the bill 买单 I will pick up the table. Let me treat you. It’s my treat this time. It's on me. I will buy / pay the bill. I’ll take care. AA制 Let's go Dutch. 各人付自己的帐 Let's go fifty-fifty. separate checks split the bill 不喜欢吃的多种表达~~
• The dessert doesn't appeal to me. I don't care much for ... • sth. is not my favorite This is not my cup of tea.
• Rare 1-2分熟 Medium rare 3-4分熟 Medium 5-6分熟 Mediumபைடு நூலகம்Well 7-8
might have/ could have/ should have
把后面内容反过来为正确选项。
2、与现在相反： if I were you I would 应理解成 you should
Inversion (倒装) 全倒装 (Full Inversion)
――句中谓语动词全部置于主语之前。（一般现在时，一般过去 时） 1. Here, There, Now, Then, Thus, 谓语是come, go, be, sit, rise, stand…
Compare： Not only you but also I am fond of music.
No sooner had I gone out than it rained. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. Not until he came back, did I leave.（Not until引主从复合句，主句倒装， 从句不倒装） Compare：I have never seen such a performance. 3. 虚拟语气的倒装：省去if，助动词were , had或情态动词should , could提至句首。但not等否定ad.不能同时提前。 Had they not helped us, our experiment would have failed. Were I you, I would try it again. 4. so, neither, nor作部分倒装 --表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒 装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you won't go, neither will I. Compare：---It's raining hard. ---So it is.(加以证实肯定，“的确如此”) 5. 由as though however no matter how引导的让步状语从句中表语、宾 语、状语提前 注意：1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
分熟 Well done 9-全熟 三、医院场景 内科医生 physician外科医生 surgeon 牙科医生 dentist 医院的部门名称： 候诊室 waiting room 急诊室 emergency department 小诊所 clinic 二、吃饭场景 餐馆 dining hall 食堂 inn 小旅馆，小客栈 motel 汽车旅馆 pub 酒吧 French restaurant 法式餐厅 Italian restaurant 意式餐厅 食品： buffet 自助餐 table manners 饭桌礼仪 dessert 甜点 main dish 主菜 dressing 调味汁 potato chips 土豆片 French fries 炸薯条 soda water 苏打水 Orange Juice 橘汁 mineral water 矿泉水 lemon juice 柠檬汁 wine 酒 四、租房场景 房租rent 房东 landlord 房客 renter /Tenant 家具furniture 修理fix / repair 修理工 maintenance man / repairman 管道工 plumber 五、宾馆场景 订房间 book / make a reservation 订满 booked up / occupied 客房服务 room service 单人间 single room 双人间 double room 前台front desk / reception 叫早服务 wake up call 六、旅游场景 行李 luggage 起飞时间 departure time 机场费 airport fare 行李柜台 baggage counter 头等舱 first-class 经济舱 economy class 商务舱 business class 七、银行场景 户头 account 开户 open an account 支票帐户 check account 兑现支票 cash a check 取钱 draw 透支 overdraw 听力中的虚拟语气： 1、与过去相反：
Here comes the bus. Here it comes. 人称代词不倒装 2. Up, Down, Out, In, Away, Off等表运动方向的adv. , 谓语Vi,表运动 In came a boy. He came in. 人称代词不倒装 3. 介词短语作地点状语放句首时 At the bus are a teacher and two students, on the way home. 4. 直接引语中说话人放后 “Sit down, please.” said Tom. “Sit down, please.” he said. 人称代词不倒装 部分倒装 (Part Inversion) ――将助动词或情态倒装至主语前。如没有则在主语前添加助动词 do, does或did 1. Only + ad. prep. phrase 状从 Often Many a time Only in Beijing have I seen such a beautiful scenery. Only when he came back, did I leave. Often has he helped me. 2. 否定ad. phrase 为首的句子或句型中 Never, No, Not, Hardly, Seldom, Rarely, Few, Little, Nowhere, Not until, Neither…nor…, Not only…but also…, Hardly / Scarcely / Barely…when…, No sooner… than…, At no time，In no way，Under / In no circumstances，On no account，By no means，In no case，Never before Seldom have I met him recently. Not only is he a student, but also he is a worker. (Not only… but also第一个 分句倒装)